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    Ovogenesis DR Neng

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    Ovogenesis DR Neng

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    psy9kfd4d7
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    Ovogenesis Dr Neng

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    4 views22 pages

    Ovogenesis DR Neng

    Uploaded by

    psy9kfd4d7

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    FEMALE

    GAMETOGENESIS

    Dr NENG Humphry Tatah


    Ass LECTURER – FHS UB
    GYANECOLOGY- OBSTETRICS
    Target Audience

    Undergraduate Medical Students

    2
    Objectives
    1. Describe Oogenesis

    2. Describe folliculogenesis (Ovarian cycle)

    3. Compare/contrast spermatogenesis to Oogenesis

    3
    Plan
    1. Introduction

    2. Oogenesis

    3. The Ovarian cycle

    4. Ovogenesis vs Spermatogenesis

    4
    1. INTRODUCTION
    •Oogenesis/ovogenesis, is the differentiation of the ovum (egg
    cell) into a cell capable of further development after
    fertilization.
    •Folliculogenesis is the process by which the female germ cell
    develops within the somatic cells of the ovary and matures
    into a fertilizable egg (1,2).

    5
    1. INTRODUCTION
    •By 20-22 weeks foetal age 7-8 million primary oocytes have
    been created;
    •At birth, just approximately 1-2 million per ovary
    remaining.
    •At puberty about 60,000 to 80,000 per ovary,
    • and only about 400-500 mature oocytes will be produced
    during a woman's life( between 1st menses -13years to
    menopause-50years)
    •Others degenerate(atresia).

    6
    2. OVOGENESIS
    •Oogenesis, occurs in the outermost layers of the ovaries.

    •Starts with oocytogenesis=the transformation of oogonia


    (Meiosis 1)into primary oocytes(arrested at Prophase1)

    •complete just before before or shortly after birth.

    • from a single oogonium, only one mature oocyte will rise,


    with 3 other cells called polar bodies.

    7
    8
    9
    Oocytogenesis
    •At adolescence, FSH cause development of a number of follicles
    with primary oocyte finishing meiosis I and divides unequally,
    most material =secondary oocyte (haploid)
    small amount =polar body (usually dies)
    • A secondary meiotic arrest occurs, about halfway through the
    meiosis II in metaphase II

    10
    11
    Oocytogenesis
    • At ovulation, the secondary oocyte will be released to oviduct.

    • If fertilized, the cell continues through meiosis II, producing a


    second polar body (haploid) and a fertilized egg containing all
    46 chromosomes
    • No fertilization = no completion of meiosis II.

    12
    3 THE OVARIAN CYCLE
    •Consists of
    1.follicular (pre-ovulatory) phase,
    2. ovulation, and
    3.luteal (Post-ovulatory phase)

    13
    THE OVARIAN CYCLE
    1-Follicular (pre-ovulatory) phase
    •5-8 Follicles (cohort/pre antral)start developing at the beginning of
    each cycle
    •One starts to grow rapidly on about the 6th day.
    •Primordial follicles change into primary follicles then into secondary
    (antral) follicles.
    •18-22mm diameter by 14-16th day (Graafian follicle)

    14
    15
    THE OVARIAN CYCLE
    2-Ovulation
    •GF ruptures and the ovum released (ovulation)
    •Mild bleeding /pain (mittelschmerz)
    •Ovum picked up by the fimbriae
    Fertilized by a spermatozoa at the ampulla of the fallopian tube
    No fertilization= degenerates or is passed out via
    •Failure of mature follicles ovulate degenerate - small ovarian
    cysts (20-30 mm)
    16
    THE OVARIAN CYCLE
    3-Luteal (post-ovulatory phase)
    •Granulosa /theca cells proliferate and replace the clotted blood as
    a yellowish lipid-rich luteal cells (corpus luteum (CL))
    •If pregnancy , the CL persists for 12 weeks to support the
    pregnancy with progesterone,
    •If no gestation The CL degenerates 4 days to the next period
    ( Corpus albicans).

    17
    18
    2.c. HORMONAL CYCLE
    •FSH •Estrogen
    • Stimulates follicular growth in • Thickens the endometrium
    ovaries • Inhibits FSH and LH for most
    • Stimulates estrogen secretion cycle
    (from developing follicles) • Stimulates FSH and LH release
    pre-ovulation
    •LH •Progesterone
    • Surge causes ovulation
    • Thickens endometrium
    • Results in the formation of a
    • Maintains the endometrial lining
    corpus luteum
    • Inhibits FSH and LH

    19
    20
    THE END

    21
    Assignment
    Compare and contrast spermatogenesis and oogenesis with respect to
    1)duration of growth phase, number of cells from division; remodeling
    of gametes, site of final completion, size of gametes, method of
    displacement, timing of release, lifespan

    22

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