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1.3 - Software Development

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4 views11 pages

1.3 - Software Development

Uploaded by

ezedean.dahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Software Development

Environment
ICS 3U0
Today’s Agenda
 Program Execution

 Evolution of Programming Languages

 Integrated Development
Environment (IDE)
The Basics
What is an operating system?
An OS is software that manages computer hardware resources
and provides common services for computer programs.
For example: Windows 8, MacOS or UNIX

What is a computer program?


A computer program provides a set of instructions telling the
computer what to do. On a grander scale, also known as a software
application.
For example: Google Chrome, Minecraft, mylittleprogram.py

What is a programming language?


Formal language that a programmer uses to develop computer
programs.
For example: C++, Turing, Java, Visual Basic, and Python
Program Execution
When a computer program is executed:

1. The program is stored in memory (RAM).


2. CPU fetches instructions and data from there via the
system bus.
3. CPU decodes, and executes the stored instructions of the
program sequentially, inputting data as needed, and
outputting results via the bus.
4. Steps 2-3 repeated until the program has completed.
Another Look at the CPU
Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU)
• Performs arithmetic operations (add, sub, mult, div).
• Performs logical operations (<, >, =).
• Allows computers to calculate and compare.

Control Unit
• Directs the movement of electronic signals between
memory and the ALU.
• Coordinates control signals between CPU and input/output
devices.
• Tells the computer system how to execute a program.
Evolution of Programming Languages
Machine Code
 Machine code or machine language is a set of instructions
executed directly by the CPU. Each instruction performs a very
specific task, such as an ALU operation on a unit of data in memory.
Every program directly executed by a CPU is made up of a series of
0’s and 1’s.

Assembly Code
 Assembly code is a step up from machine code. Although more
easily understood by humans, it cannot be directly understood by
the CPU. A program called the assembler translates assembly
language programs into binary machine code that can be decoded
by the CPU.
Evolution of Programming Languages …
continued
Source Code
 Source code consist of instructions or statements that look similar
to English using common mathematical notation. It is really the
only type of code that is readable by people. It is the code that is
associated with high-level languages such as C++, Java or Python.
 The instructions written using high-level languages must be
converted into machine code so that can be understood by the CPU.

Complier/Interpreter
 A compiler or interpreter translates source code written using
high-level language (i.e., code that people can actually read) to
machine code (i.e. 1’s and 0’s)
Compiler Vs. Interpreter
When a program is created, it may be run in one of two ways:

Compiled: a program is converted into a machine-readable format


using a binary encoding.

Interpreted: The program requires a separate program, called an


interpreter, to translate program instructions
on-the-fly.

Some programming languages, like C/C++, are compiled.

Others, like Java or Python, are interpreted.


Compiler Vs. Interpreter
Integrated Software Development
Environment - IDE
An integrated development environment (IDE) is
a software application that provides comprehensive
facilities to computer programmers for software
development.

An IDE normally consists of a


Source code editor
Debugger
Compiler or interpreter
Common IDE’s
Java – Eclipse, Ready to Program, Dr. Java are
common IDE’s used to develop programs in Java.

Ruby – Textmate is a common IDE used to develop


programs in Ruby

Python – Pycharm, Eclipse and IDLE are common


IDE’s used to develop programs in Python.

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