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Lecture-08 Handling Higher Math

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21 views

Lecture-08 Handling Higher Math

Uploaded by

kingofdeath1380
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 25

Ghalib Private University

Visual Programming

By: M.Dawood Saddiqi


Handling Higher Math
• If we want to use the math methods in our project we need
to import the System.Math class.
• The built-in math class functions appear in coming slide.
Some of Math System classes

• There are many more if you want to explore.


Handling Dates and Times
• One of the biggest headaches a programmer can
have is working with dates. So Visual C# has a
number of date and time handling functions that
make the programmer work easy.
• The DateTime struct can store datetime information.
It makes handing time easier.
Some Examples:
• DateTime dt =DateTime.Now; MessageBox.Show(dt.ToString());

• DateTime dt =DateTime.Today; MessageBox.Show(dt.ToString());

• DateTime dt =DateTime.Now; MessageBox.Show(dt.ToLongDateString());

• DateTime dt =DateTime.Now; MessageBox.Show(dt.ToShortDateString());

• DateTime dt =DateTime.Now; MessageBox.Show(dt.TimeOfDay.ToString());

• DateTime dt =DateTime.Now; MessageBox.Show(dt.ToShortTimeString());


Constructor:
• Constructor. With new, we invoke the instance DateTime
constructor. The arguments must match a real date that
occurred. This is a validating constructor.
• DateTime value = new DateTime(2014, 1, 18);
• Console.WriteLine(value);
• Console.WriteLine(value == DateTime.Today);
• DateTime.Today is always set to the machine's local time, which depends on the current
system.
Get Yesterday
• Yesterday: We can subtract one day from the current day. We do this
by adding -1 to the current day. This is necessary because no
"Subtract Days" method is provided.
• DateTime y = GetYesterday();
• static DateTime GetYesterday()
• { // Add -1 to now
• return DateTime.Today.AddDays(-1);
•}
Get Tomorrow
• Tomorrow. To figure out tomorrow, we add one using the Add()
method. This is useful for using date queries in databases. We use
the AddDays method.
• DateTime d = GetTomorrow();
• static DateTime GetTomorrow()
•{
• return DateTime.Today.AddDays(1);
•}
First Day of Year
• DateTime d = FirstDayOfYear(DateTime.Today);

• static DateTime FirstDayOfYear(DateTime y)


• {
return new DateTime(y.Year, 1, 1);
•}
Get Last Day
• Last day. Here we find the last day in any year.
• DateTime d = new DateTime(1999, 6, 1);
• d= LastDayOfYear(d);
• /// Finds the last day of the year for the selected day's year.
• static DateTime LastDayOfYear(DateTime d)
• {
• // 1. Get first of next year.
• DateTime n = new DateTime(d.Year + 1, 1, 1);
• // 2. Subtract one from it.
• return n.AddDays(-1);
• }
Days In Month
• Many static methods are also available on the DateTime class. With
DaysInMonth we look up the number of days in a month based on
the year.
• int days = DateTime.DaysInMonth(2014, 9);
• // days will be 30
• days = DateTime.DaysInMonth(2014, 2);
• // days will be 28
Cont…
• TimeSpan: represents a length of time. We can create or manipulate
TimeSpan instances in a C# program. The TimeSpan type provides
many helper properties and methods. It is implemented as a struct
type.
• Add:The Add method (and Subtract) requires a TimeSpan
argument. We must first use the TimeSpan constructor.
• AddDays:Receives a double integer, which adds or subtracts days.
We can use AddHours, AddMinutes, AddSeconds and more.
Cont…
• AddTicks:One tick is considered one millisecond. This
method might be useful when used with
Environment.AddTicks.
• DateTime.Month: returns an integer. This value indicates
the month in the year, from January to December. With a
format string, we can get month names.
• DateTime now = DateTime.Now; Console.WriteLine(now.Month); // 4 Console.WriteLine(now.ToString("MMM"));
//April
Display Complete Months Names
• DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
• for (int i = 0; i < 12; i++) { Console.WriteLine(now.ToString("MMMM")); now =
now.AddMonths(1);
•}
• output
• April
• May ………………………………. March
Find the difference between dates in C#
• DateTime dt1 = new DateTime(2014, 12, 29);
• DateTime dt2 = new DateTime(2010, 08, 30);
• TimeSpan diff = dt1-dt2;
• DateTime age=DateTime.MinValue+diff;
• // Make adjustment due to MinValue equalling 1/1/0001

• int y = age.Year - 1;
• int m = age.Month - 1;
• int d = age.Day - 1;
• textBox1.Text = y.ToString() +" / " +m.ToString() +" / " + d.ToString();
Using format to display dates and time
• Dt.ToString(“M-d-yy")); // 1-1-15
• Dt.ToString(“MM-dd-yy")); // 05-31-15
• Dt.ToString(“M/d/yy")); // 1/1/15
• Dt.ToString(“ddd,MMMM d, yyy")); // sundy, January 1, 2015
• Dt.ToString(“hh:mm:ss MM/dd/yy")); // 12:20:50 05/07/15
• Dt.ToString(“hh:mm:ss tt MM-dd-yyy")); // 01:00:00 AM 11-18-2015
The timer Control
• The Timer control is essentially an invisible stopwatch that gives you access to
the system clock in your programs.
• The Timer control can be used like an egg timer to count down from a preset
time, to cause a delay in a program, or to repeat an action at prescribed
intervals.
• You set a timer’s interval by using the Interval property, and you activate a
timer by setting the timer’s Enabled property to True Once a timer is enabled, it
runs constantly until the user stops the program or the timer object is disabled
Creating a Digital Clock by Using a Timer
Control
• Create project, drags and set the properties for the object given

• Double-click the timer object in the component tray The Timer1_Tick event
procedure appears in the Code Editor This is the event procedure
• that runs each time that the timer clock ticks Type the following statement:
Label1.Text = DateTime.now.ToShortTimeString();
Using a Timer object to set a time limit
Sample Project
DateTime stoptime;
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
timer1.Interval = 1000;
TimeSpan duration = TimeSpan.Parse(textBox1.Text);
stoptime = DateTime.Now.Add(duration);
timer1.Enabled = true;
}
private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
TimeSpan remaining = stoptime.Subtract(DateTime.Now);
remaining = new TimeSpan(remaining.Hours, remaining.Minutes, remaining.Seconds);

if (remaining.TotalSeconds < 0)
{
remaining = TimeSpan.Zero;
this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized;
this.TopMost = true;
timer1.Enabled = false;
}
label1.Text = remaining.ToString();
}
Inserting Code Snippets
• In the Code Editor, position the insertion point (I-beam) at the location where
you want to insert the snippet
• On the Edit menu, click IntelliSense, and then click Insert Snippet Browse to the
snippet that you want to use, and then double-click the snippet name.
3 Types of Error
• A syntax error (or compiler error) is a mistake (such as a misspelled property or keyword) that
violates the programming rules of Visual C# Visual C# will point out several types of syntax
errors in your programs while you enter program statements, and it won’t let you run a
program until you fix each syntax errors.

• A run-time error is a mistake that causes a program to stop unexpectedly during execution
Run-time errors occur when an outside event or an undiscovered run-time error forces a
program to stop while it’s running For instance, if you try to read a disk drive and it doesn’t
contain a CD or DVD, your code will generate a run-time error.

• A logic error is a human error—a mistake that causes the program code to produce the wrong
results Most debugging efforts are focused on tracking down logic errors introduced by the
programmer.
Using Debugging
• In debugging mode, you have an opportunity to see how the logic in your program is
evaluated.
• Tracking Variables by Using a Watch Window
• Visualizers: Debugging Tools That Display Data
• Using the Immediate (are used if immediately we want change in running program)
• Type >immed for immediate window

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