DC Ac

DC-AC Inverters
Dr. Lokesh M
Asst. Prof
Dept. of EEE
Introduction
Principle of operation single phase bridge inverter

Three Phase bridge inverters
Voltage Control of single phase inverters
Harmonic reductions
Current Source Inverters
Agenda
Introduction
Inverters
To change a dc input voltage to a symmetric ac output voltage of
desired magnitude and frequency .
The output voltage could be fixed or variable at fixed or

variable frequency.
Variable output voltage can be obtained either by varying the

input DC voltage or by varying gain of the inverter using
PWM.
Classified into
1. Single phase inverters
2. Three phase inverters
Voltage-fed inverter (VFI): the input voltage remains constant.

Current-fed inverter( CSI): the input current is maintained constant.
DC linked inverter: the input voltage is controllable.
Single phase Bridge Inverters (H-bridge)
The single-phase full-bridge voltage generator inverter consists

of four chopper circuits, In it are four transistors, or MOSFETs,
(Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4). They can be driven individually and
independently, so the final operation is different depending on
the sequencing
Three Phase Inverters
Three Phase Inverters formed by Three single-Phase Invertes

Three Phase Inverters
120 degree Conduction
 Each Transistor conducts for 120 degree.

 Only two transistors remain on at any
instant of time.
 The conduction sequence of transistors
is 61,12,23,34,45,56,61.
 There are 3 modes of operation in one
half cycle.
 Van= Vs/2; Vbn=-Vs/2; Vcn=0.

Voltage Control of Single Phase Inverters
To control the output voltage of inverters is often necessary:
1. To cope with the variation of DC input voltage.
2. To regulate voltage of inverters
3. To satisfy the constant volts and frequency control requirement
Single-pulse-Width modulation
Multiple-pulse-width modulation
Your Picture Here Sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM)
Modified sinusoidal pulse-width modulation
Phase displacement control

Single Pulse width modulation
In SPWM, a carrier waveform is compared with a
reference waveform to generate the modulated
waveform. The reference waveform is typically a
sine wave, which is used to determine the
frequency and amplitude of the output waveform.
Whereas, The width of the gate pulse is
determined by the intersecting point of the
reference signal and triangular signal.
Multiple pulse width modulation
Multiple-pulse width modulation is when several
pulses are produced in each half cycle of the
output voltages. This type of PWM is basically
used in order to reduce the harmonics contents
and to increase the harmonics frequencies so
that the size and cost of filtering can be reduced.
The generation of gating signals for turning the

transistor ON and OFF is shown in the figure by
comparing the reference signal with the triangular
carrier wave.
The number of pulses per half-cycle is found from-
Where mƒ=ƒc/ƒo is defined as the frequency modulation ratio.

Sinusoidal pulse width modulation
The SPWM is commonly used in industrial applications. The
frequency of the reference signal (fr) determines the inverter
output frequency (fo), and the peak amplitude of the reference
signal controls the modulation index (M) and RMS output
voltage (Vo).
The RMS output voltage can be varied by varying the
modulation index which is defined by M=Ar/Ac. It is to
remember that the gating signal of the switches can be generated
by a unidirectional carrier signal or the bidirectional signal.
In this modulation technique, the switching losses, the

Distortion Factor (DF), and Low Order Harmonics (LOH)
are reduced completely compared to multiple-pulse
modulation.
Modified sinusoidal pulse-width modulation
The modified sinusoidal pulse-width modulation

(MSPWM) is a modified version of sinusoidal
pulse width modulation (SPWM), which is a
widely used technique in power electronics.
The sinusoidal pulse width modulation can be modified

so that the carrier wave is applied during the first and
last 60° intervals per half-cycle (e.g, 0° to 60° and 120°
to 180°). And the intervals can vary as per the
requirements. The modified sinusoidal pulse-width
modulation (MSPWM) is shown below:
The main advantages of MSPWM are that the
fundamental components are increased and its
harmonics characteristics are improved. It also
reduces the number of switching devices and also
reduced the switching losses
Phase-displacement control
Phase displacement control is a technique used in
power electronics to control the phase angle
between the voltage and current in an AC circuit. It
is a type of phase control that can be used to control
the amount of power delivered to a load.
A 180° phase displacement produces an output

voltage as shown in the above figure (c), whereas
the delay (or displacement) angle of α (alpha)
produces an output in figure (e).
THANK YOU
Insert the Subtitle of Your Presentation

DC Ac

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

DC Ac

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

DC Ac

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

DC-AC Inverters

Principle of operation single phase bridge inverter

Voltage Control of single phase inverters

The output voltage could be fixed or variable at fixed or

Variable output voltage can be obtained either by varying the

Voltage-fed inverter (VFI): the input voltage remains constant.

The single-phase full-bridge voltage generator inverter consists

Three Phase Inverters formed by Three single-Phase Invertes

 Each Transistor conducts for 120 degree.

 Van= Vs/2; Vbn=-Vs/2; Vcn=0.

Your Picture Here Sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM)

Modified sinusoidal pulse-width modulation

Phase displacement control

The generation of gating signals for turning the

The number of pulses per half-cycle is found from-

Where mƒ=ƒc/ƒo is defined as the frequency modulation ratio.

In this modulation technique, the switching losses, the

The modified sinusoidal pulse-width modulation

The sinusoidal pulse width modulation can be modified

A 180° phase displacement produces an output

You might also like