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Science 6

Week 8
Day 1
Planets of the Solar
System: Colors, Sizes and
Relative Distances from the
Sun
Let us see if you could still recall the lessons
you learned about the relative distances of
planets from the Sun. Write T if the
statements is true and F if the statement is
false. Write your answers on a separate
sheet.
___1. The letters AU stand for astronomical
unit which is the term astronomers use to
measure the distances in the Solar System.
___2. The average distance of the Earth from
the Sun is 57 million kilometers.
___3. The amount of energy the planets receive
decreases as their distance from the Sun
increases.
___4. Neptune is the planet farthest from the
Sun with a distance of about 227.9 million
kilometers.
___5. Planets closer to the sun have higher
temperature than those located farther.
Show pictures of the different
planets and discuss it to the class.
Planets have different sizes. Some are
small. Some are very large. Jupiter is the
biggest planet and Mercury is the smallest.
Planets are located at different distances
from the Sun. Some are closer to the Sun.
Some are very far away. The closest planet
to the Sun is Mercury while the farthest is
Neptune.
Planets closer to the Sun have higher
temperature than those located farther. The
letters AU stand for astronomical unit which
is the term astronomers use to measure
distances in the Solar System. One
astronomical unit equals the average
distance between the Sun and Earth, or
approximately 150 million kilometers.
Kelvin (K) is the international system unit of
temperature which is equal in magnitude to
degree Celsius (⁰C). The Kelvin Scale is a
scale of temperature measured in degrees
Celsius with absolute zero (-273.15 ⁰C).
Mercury is the smallest planet in the Solar
System. It is also the closest planet to the
Sun. Thus, it is called the innermost planet.
The Sun’s strong glare prevents you from
seeing Mercury with the naked eye, except
for short periods of about an hour before
sunrise and an hour after sunset.
It has a diameter of only 4,879 km at its
equator. The color of the planet Mercury is
dark grey and slightly brownish. Mercury
orbits only 0.39 AU (57.9 million km.) from
the Sun with -437 ⁰C when it is day and -
184 ⁰C at night.
Venus has often been called “Earth’s twin.” It
is the sixth largest planet in the Solar
System with a diameter of 12,104 km.
Surface temperatures on Venus are so high
because carbon dioxide in the atmosphere traps
energy which causes temperature near the
surface to remain high. The clouds of Venus are
mostly sulfuric acid which gives Venus its yellow-
white color. It is 0.723 AU (108.2 million km) from
the sun. Surface temperatures on Venus are
hotter than those on Mercury. Temperatures
average around 465 ⁰C.
Earth is the only planet in the Solar System that
has the combination of factors needed to support
life. It is the fifth largest planet in the Solar
System with the diameter of 12,756 km. Earth is
mostly blue with scattered white clouds. The
Earth circles in space around the Sun at a
distance of 1.0 AU (149.6 million km). It has an
average temperature of -89 ⁰C to 58 ⁰C.
Mars is a little more than half the size of the
Earth having a diameter of 6,792 km. It is
the seventh largest planet in the Solar
System. Mars is often referred to as the Red
Planet because it is covered with reddish
dust and rocks.
When the Viking probes visited the planet in
1976, they found that the whole surface has
a reddish-brown color. Mars has a distance
of 1.52 AU (227.9 million km) from the Sun
with a temperature of -140 ⁰C to 20 ⁰C.
Jupiter is the largest planet in the Solar
System with a diameter of 142,984
kilometers, more than 11 times wider than
the Earth. Jupiter is also the massive planet.
Its mass is twice that of the other seven
planets combined.
The color is mostly in shades of orange, red,
brown, and yellow with whitish bands.
Jupiter lies more than three times as far
away from the Sun as Mars, at a distance of
some 5.20 AU (778.3 km). The gas giant
planets are cold. Jupiter has a surface
temperature of -150 ⁰C.
Saturn is well known for its system of three
rings. It is the second largest planet with an
equatorial diameter of 120,536 km. The
color of the elegant planet Saturn is Pale
Gold.
Due to the hydrogen in the atmosphere, the
clouds acquire a deep red color. But this red
color is obscured by the clouds of ammonia
which makes up the outer most layer and
covers the entire planet. This outer layer of
ammonia, however, is bright white in color
due to its exposure to the Sun.
The deep red clouds when combined with
the white ammonium give the beautiful pale
gold color. Saturn has a distance of 9.58 AU
(1.43 billion km) from the sun and a surface
temperature of -180 ⁰C.
Uranus is 51,118 kilometers in diameter
making it the third largest planet in the
Solar System. Just like Jupiter and Saturn,
the Voyager probe gave us our first look at
the planet in 1986. Uranus has a pale blue
color.
But what gives it the pale blue color is the
methane that is present in its atmosphere.
Uranus has a distance of 19.2 AU (2.871
billion km) from the Sun. The effective
temperature of Uranus atmosphere is 220
⁰C, the coldest in our Solar System.
Neptune is practically a twin to Uranus. It
has a diameter of 49,528 kilometers and is
the fourth largest planet in the Solar
System. The planet’s bluish color is caused
by the absorption of red light by methane.
But because Neptune does not have an
atmospheric haze like Uranus does, we can
see deeper into the atmosphere, so
Neptune appears blue, whereas Uranus is
blue-green. So, after Uranus comes the
planet Neptune, nearly 30.1 AU (4.5 billion
km) away from the Sun with an average
temperature of -210 ⁰C.
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.
Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet
of paper.
1. Which of these is the third planet from the Sun?
A. Venus C. Mars
B. Mercury D. Earth
2. Which planet revolves the longest around the
Sun?
A. Jupiter C. Saturn
B. Neptune D. Uranus
3. Which of the following is the right order of
planets from the Sun?
A. Mercury, Mars, Neptune, Uranus
B. Mars, Mercury, Venus, Earth
C. Venus, Earth, Uranus, Saturn
D. Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn
4. Does the distance from the Sun affect the
temperature of the planets?
A. No, because the planets have their own light.
B. No, because the planets get their temperature
from each other.
C. Yes, because the planets that are farther from
the Sun are hotter.
D. Yes, because the planets that are nearer to
the Sun are generally hotter.
5. Which statement below explains the
relationship between the distance of planets from
the Sun and its temperature?
A. The farther the planet is from the Sun the
hotter it becomes.
B. The farther the planet is from the Sun the
cooler it becomes.
C. The nearer the planet is from the Sun the
hotter it becomes.
D. Both B and C.
Directions: Study the chart of the planet’s
temperature and distances from the Sun.
Then, answer the questions that follow.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which is the nearest planet to the Sun?
Which is the farthest?
2. Which is the nearest planet to the Sun?
Which is the farthest?
Which planet has the highest
temperature and which has the
lowest?
Directions: Write FACT if the statement is
correct and BLUFF if the statement is
incorrect.
_______1. Mars is often referred to as the
Red Planet because it is covered with
reddish dust and rocks.
_______2. The effective temperature of
Uranus’ atmosphere is 57K, the coldest in
the Solar System.
_______3. Jupiter is the second largest planet
in the Solar System with an equatorial
diameter of 120,536 km.
_______4. Earth is the fifth largest planet in
the Solar System with the diameter of 12,756
km.
_______5. The surface temperatures on Venus
are so high because carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere traps energy which causes
temperatures near the surface to remain high.
Day 2
Recall previous lesson...
Continuation of the topic...
Directions: Complete the table by filling in the
information about the colors and sizes/diameter of
each planet. Choose your answers from the box. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Directions: Choose the answers in the box
to complete the paragraph. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

Planets have different (1) __________.


Some are small. Some are very large.
The distances of planets from the Sun (2)
__________. The surface (3) __________
of planets are affected by their distances
from the Sun. In general, planets nearest to
the Sun are (4) __________. Those planets
farthest from the Sun are (5) ____________.
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer
on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of these describes the distance of the
planets from the Sun?
A. changing B. different
C. freeze D. similar
2. Which of these is the fifth planet from the
Sun?
A. Earth B. Mars
C. Jupiter D. Saturn
3. Which of these affects the surface temperature of
planets?
A. period of rotation B. size of the planets
C. color of the planets D. distance from the Sun
4. What gives Neptune its bluish color?
A. The absorption of light by methane in the atmosphere
B. The absorption of red light by methane in Neptune’s
atmosphere
C. The absorption of yellow light by methane in Neptune’s
atmosphere
D. The absorption of blue light by methane in Neptune’s
atmosphere
5. Why is Venus’s surface temperature so high?
A. Carbon dioxide in Venus’ atmosphere traps energy
which causes temperature near the surface to
remain high.
B. Carbon in Venus’ atmosphere traps energy which
causes temperature near the surface to remain high.
C. Methane in Venus’ atmosphere traps energy which
causes temperature near the surface to remain high.
D. Oxygen in Venus’ atmosphere traps energy which
causes temperature near the surface to remain high.
Day 3
Directions: Study the table. Choose the
letter of the best answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which planet is the farthest from the sun?
A. planet A B. planet C
C. planet G D. planet H
2. Which among the planets do you think is the
Earth?
A. planet A B. planet B
C. planet C D. planet F
3. Which planet is closest to the sun?
A. planet A B. planet C
C. planet E D. planet F
4. Which planet is considered as the largest?
A. planet A B. planet C
C. planet E D. planet F
5. What is the distance of the 3rd largest
planet from the sun?
A. 108 million km
B. 150 million km
C. 1,430 million km
D. 2,870 million km
Directions: Identify what planet is being described.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
_____________1. It is the Red Planet.
_____________2. It is the second closest planet to
the Sun.
_____________3. It is the planet with a beautiful
ring around it.
_____________4. It is the twin planet of Uranus.
_____________5. It is the biggest planet in the
Solar System.
The Solar System is composed of the sun
and the eight planets. Planets are
classified into inner and outer planets. The
inner planets are called terrestrial planets
because they are solid, rock-like and
dense. Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
are the inner planets. The Outer planets
are gaseous planets like Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, and Neptune.
In order of distance from the sun, closest to
furthest, the inner planets are Mercury,
Venus, Earth and Mars; while the outer
planets are outer planets Jupiter, Saturn,
Uranus, and Neptune. The asteroid belt
between Mars and Jupiter forms the
boundary between the inner solar system
and the outer solar system.
Each planet has its own relative size or
diameter and distance from the sun. Study
the table below.
Directions: Make a sketch of the solar
system showing the size and color of the
planets. Write a simple description for each
planet.
For a sample sketch, you may watch the
video through the link below.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LSgLX1qlI44
Directions: Write five concepts you have
learned about the solar system. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
How many million kilometer is the
distance of Neptune from the Sun?
Directions: Study the table. Choose the letter
of the best answer. Write the letter of your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which planet is considered to be the
nearest to the sun?
A. Earth B. Mercury
C. Neptune D. Uranus
2. Which is considered as the only living
planet?
A. Earth B. Jupiter
C. Mercury D. Saturn
3. Which planet is the smallest in diameter
or size?
A. Mars B. Mercury
C. Saturn D. Venus
4. What is the size of the planet considered
as the largest?
A. 12,800 km B. 52,000 km
C. 120,000 km D. 143,000 km
5. How far is Earth from the sun?
A. 4,880 million km
B. 6,800 million km
C. 12,100 million km
D. 150,000 million km
Day 4
Recall previous lesson...
Continuation of the topic...
Directions: Construct a model of the solar
system based on their relative sizes and
distance from the sun. Use recycled materials in
creating the model.

For sample videos on how to construct a solar


system model, you may watch the videos using
the links below.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lac7DUv-OnQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M7iokGsaYus
Remember: You can make your own scale or
model size depending on the materials you are
going to use. Below is the Rubric on how you will
be graded. Be creative and have fun!
Listen to the song entitled “Masdan Mo ang
Kapaligiran” by Asin and reflect on its message.

Our God, the Creator of the universe, placed all


heavenly bodies in harmony. He put everything in
order. He made these things happen. He also
gave us the wisdom and knowledge to discover
and understand His creations. We should learn to
appreciate and love our planet Earth.
Directions: Complete the statements below
by determining the relative distances of the
planets from the Sun and other planets.
Choose your answer from the box. Write
your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
________1. This is the third planet from the Sun
and the only astronomical object known to harbor
life.
________ 2. This is the fifth planet from the Sun
and largest in the Solar System.
________ 3. This is the closest and fastest planet
that revolves around the Sun.
________ 4. This is the eighth and farthest known
planet from the Sun.
________ 5. This is second planet from the Sun
and brightest planet in the Solar System.
Day 5
Weekly
Test

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