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    API 650 Tanks

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    arjunprasannan7

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    API 650 Tanks

    Uploaded by

    arjunprasannan7
    5 views23 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    5 views23 pages

    API 650 Tanks

    Uploaded by

    arjunprasannan7

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    API 650 STORAGE TANKS

    1. Use of storage tanks


    2. Design Codes used for tanks
    3. Structure of API 650
    4. Main items/parts in tank
    5. About Shell & Tank Bottom
    HOW DOES A STORAGE TANK LOOK?

    Rectangular tanks: not under the scope of this presentation


    PURPOSE OF A STORAGE TANK

     To store large quantity of fluid at relatively low


    installation cost
     Buffer
    between two(2) stages of process (Production &
    Demand)
     Easy construction
     Operate at atmospheric pressure (or near atm)
     In situ fabrication
    MAIN PARTS IN A STORAGE TANK
    Parts of a storage tank are:
    • Shell
    • Tank Bottom
    • Roof
    • Nozzle & Manways (roof & shell)
    • Ladder (cage/spiral)
    • Level gauges
    • Wind Girder
    • Dip Hatch
    • Pressure Vacuum Valve (PVV)/ Breather Valve
    • Blow off hatch
    • Sump

    Blow-off Hatch

    Breather Valve Dip/Gauge Hatch


    CLASSIFICATION OF STORAGE
    TANKS (BASED ON ROOF TYPE)
    DESIGN CODES FOR TANKS
    Low Pressure: P ≤ 18 kPa
    Tanks: API 650

    Medium Pressure: 18 kPa < P ≤ 103 kPa


    Tanks: API 620

    High Pressure: P > 100 kPa


    Pressure Vessel: ASME Sec 8

    As per API650 5.2.1(c), the Design Internal Pressure of API650 tanks


    shall not exceed 18 kPa
    Tank Material
     None of the AST codes suggest any materials for any particular application
     Code merely suggests which materials are allowed and what are the criteria
    to be fulfilled
     Properties which are considered in a material
     Allowable Stress
     Toughness
     Corrosion Allowance
     Temperature Resistance
    Allowable Stress

    Maximum allowable design stress (Sd) and Hydrostatic Test pressure is given in table 5.2a of code API650

    Sd: is lesser of 2/3 x Ys or 2/5 x Ts


    St: is lesser of ¾ x Ys or 3/7 x Ts
    Corrosion Allowance
     CA will be determined by materials engineer and will be provided by Client

    Impact Testing of Plates


     Figure 4.1a,b gives the min. permissible metal temp
    STRUCTURE OF API 650
    API 650 MINIMUN REQUIREMENTS/
    APPLICABILITY

     Tanks for liquids


     Sand/Concrete/Gravel supported
     Atmospheric Pressure (P<18 kPa)
     T<93.3 degC (upto 260 degC with Annex M)
    DESIGN CONDITIONS
    • Design and Operating Parameters
    (temp/pressure)
    • Geotech Data
    • Meteorological Data
    • Loading Data (snow fall, wind and other
    loads)
    • Properties of fluid being stored
    • Flowrates
    • Design Life
    • Material to be used
    • Corrosion Allowance
    TANK SHELL ARRANGEMENTS

    • Shells are joined by butt welding


    • The shell plates must be prepared by trimming, machining or oxycutting before joining
    • API 650 code requires welding procedure and welders to be qualified in accordance with section 9 of
    API650 and ASME Sec 9
    Methods for calculating shell thickness
     1 foot method not to be used for tanks larger than 61m dia
    TANK BOTTOM

    Tank bottom plates are generally thinner than shell plates


    Aim of tank bottom is to ensure sealing of product, avoid leaks from bottom
    Minimum thickness of the bottom plate has to be 6 mm as per code API650 (Clause 5.4.1)
    TANK BOTTOM CONFIGURATIONS
    Typical bottom plate
    arrangement for tanks having Typical bottom plate
    diameter ≤ 12m arrangement for tanks having
    diameter > 12m
    ANNULAR PLATE

    Why annular plate used?

    • Weight of shell and roof can be supported by either bottom plate or annular plate
    • API650 prescribes a use of thicker annular plate than a shell bottom
    • Externally annular plates has to be circular, but internally they can be of any
    polygon shape
    WHEN TO PROVIDE ANNULAR PLATE
     When material of the shell belongs to group IV, IVA, V, VI
     When tank dia > 30.5m and operating Temp > 93 deg C

    Recommended annular plate width as per code


    Minimum annular plate dimensions as per code

    Code provides a table to select the plate thickness


    ANNULAR PLATE MIN. THICKNESS
    Recap

    Topics to be covered in next session


     Different types of tank roofs
     Wind and Seismic loads on tank
     External Pressure on tank
     Wind Girders

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