Introduction to Engineering Design

The Engineering Profession

 What is Engineering?

Engineering is a profession like medicine, law,

etc. that aspires to high standards of conduct
and recognizes its responsibility to the general
public.

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 Scientist Vs
Engineer
Scientist Engineer
• Like an engineer, but a • Applies knowledge of math
primary goal is the and the physical sciences to
expansion of knowledge the efficient design and
construction of usable
and
devices, and
understanding physical structures processes.
processes.

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 Professionalism
Is an aspirational standard,
the essential elements of
which are:

1. Competence

2. Personal integrity, responsibility and

accountability

3. Public obligation
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 Professionalism
1. Competence:
 Relevant, up-to-date skills and capabilities appropriate to the
particular task
 Including appropriate non-technical competences -
communication, business, leadership and management
competences.
 A broader foundation of relevant experience, knowledge and
understanding
 Supported with relevant qualifications
 Maintained through Continuing Professional Development
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 Professionalism

2. Integrity Responsibility and Accountability

• A clear commitment
• A set of personal obligations
to abide by a code of
and responsibilities which sit
ethics
which is recognized and
alongside the contractual
administered by the
obligation to an employer or
professional community.
client.

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 Professionalism

3. Public Obligation
 Regard for and contribution to
the public good - protect the
public interest
– Social responsibility

 Commitment and contribution

to the professional
community and support from
that community

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 What is a Profession?
1. Requires specialized and highly skilled knowledge.

2. Requires academic training.

3. Is regulated by professional bodies.

4. Examination of competence.
Engineer
5. Function of professional work is vital to society.

6. Professionals enjoy higher social status.

7. Compensation is higher than other occupations.

8. Professionals must perform under a standard of

professional behavior that requires adherence to
the highest principles of legal and ethical conduct. 8
Medical Specialist
 The Engineering Profession
Training, Qualifications, Advancements, Licensure

• BS is required for all entry level engineering Jobs.

• Engineers trained in one field, may also work in a

related field of engineering:

Civil Eng. ….…. Surveying Eng. …..… M Eng.

E Eng. ……………....……………… Gas &Oil Eng.
Chem Eng. .…………………...… Industrial Eng.
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 The Engineering Profession
• Whether the end result is • Engineering is a career
a product, a process, a based on logical, systematic
system or service, problem solving, generally in
engineers need to high-tech, industrial, or
consider safety, reliability, scientific fields.
and cost-effectiveness.

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 So Does Engineering Qualify as a
Profession?
 Engineering possesses (owns)  Involves activities that require
those attributes that typically knowledge and skill not commonly
characterize a profession. possessed by the general public.

 Has group awareness for

 Satisfies an indispensable and
promotion of knowledge the
beneficial need. professional ideas and for execution
and
social services.
 Requires the exercise of
carefulness and judgment.  Has a legal status and requires well-
formulated standards of admission.

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What Engineers Do? (a review)

1. Design products.

2. Design machinery to build and test these products.

3. Design Plants in which those products are made.

4. Design the systems that ensure the quality and efficiency of the manufacturing
process.

5. Design, plan and supervise the construction of buildings, highways, transit

systems.

6. Develop and implement ways to extract, process and use raw materials such as
Petroleum and Natural Gas.

7. Utilize the power of the sun, and wind to satisfy the nations power needs.

What kind of a pattern do we see from this list? 12

 Development

Design Assembly

Manufacturing

Reliability
Tes
t
Engineering
management

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 Where do you see
yourself
5-10 years from
now?
Timeline to Engineering Education

Fr So Jr Sr

Time (years)
From Student to Professional Engineer
Step 1

BS/MS
Majors

ME,
EE,
CE Specialization
PNGE,
CHE,
IE …
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 .

CE

Construction Structural Transportation Geothermal Environmental

 .

ME

Fluid Thermo- Mechanical

Mechatronics
Dynamics dynamics Design
.

EE

Power Communication LSI

Electronics
Generation Systems (Large scale Integration)
.

Chem. E

Polymers Food
Biochemical
Plastics Processing
.

PNG E

Reservoir
Drilling Logging
Simulation
 Mechatronics
Mechanical, Electronic, Control and Computing systems.
 From Student to Professional
Step 2
ALL AMJORS
1. Research
BS/MS 2. Experimental
3. Analytical
4. Design
Functional 5. Development
Majors Specialization (Job) 6. Testing
Classification 7. Production
8. Operations
9. Sales/Marketing
10. Customer
(large systems)
11. Management
12. Consulting
13. Construction
 General Product Cycle

Idea
Concept Product
Design/ Development/ Documentation
Modeling Prototyping Specifications

A
To
Testin MFG
Testin
Feasibility study g g
$$$

Training Packaging
Facilities Shipping

A
To
Production Customer/
Consumer
 Engineering Functional Jobs-A
Title Function Skills/Knowledge
Research -Solves new problems. Perceptiveness
E. -Obtains new data. “intelligence”
-Devises new methods of calculation Patience
-Gains new knowledge Self-Confidence
Analytical Models physical problems using - Math,
E. math to predict performance. physics,
Performs failure analysis engineering
science,
applications
software
Development -Develops products, processes, or Ingenuity “cleverness”
E. systems Creativity
-Uses well-known principles and Judicious
employs existing processes or “wise”
machines to perform a new function Judgment
-Concerned only with a prototype or
 Engineering Functional Jobs-B
Title Function Skills/Knowledge
Design E. -Converts concepts and information 1. Creativity
into detailed plans and specs from 2. Innovation
which the finished product can be 3. Fundamental
be manufactured. knowledge
-Restricted by the state of the art.* of many disciplines
*“The latest and most sophisticated 4. Understanding of
or advanced stage of a technology, economics and people
art, or science”

Production E. -Devises a schedule to efficiently -Knowledge of design,

coordinate materials and personnel economics, and
-Orders raw materials at the
psychology.
optimum times
-Sets up the assembly line -Ability to visualize the
-Handles and ships the finished overall operation of a
product project
-Knowledge of each
step
 Engineering Functional Jobs-C
Title Function Skills/Knowledge
Test E. -Develops and conducts tests to -Knowledge of statistics,
verify that a new product meets product and process
design specs.
specifications.
-Products are tested for structural
integrity, performance, and -Measurement
reliability . techniques.
-Testing is performed under all -Fundamental engineering
expected environmental conditions. aspects of the design

Operations or -Selects sites for facilities Industrial engineering,

Plant E. -Specifies the layout for all facets economics and law
of the operation
-Selects the fixed equipment for
climate control, lighting, and
communication
-Responsible for maintenance
and
modifications
Q1: What is the functional job description (name) of the engineer who
“ Converts concepts and information into detailed plans and
specifications from which the finished product can be manufactured”?

A. Test engineer
B. Experimental engineer
C. Development engineer
D. Design engineer
E. Production engineer

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 Career Paths for Engineers
There are at least seven career options
for graduating engineering students:
1. Corporate ladder

2. Independent entrepreneur (contractor)

3. Military or government
Corporate Ladder
4. Engineering and social service aboard

5. Professor/engineer

6. Graduate work outside engineering

7. A mix of first six options

Entrepreneur
From Student to Professional Engineer
Step 3

BS/MS

Functional Company
Majors Specialization (Job) Levels
Classification
 Company Levels (Publicly owned)
.
Management

Plant Mgt. Engineering

Corporate Management Functional Mgt.*
Project Mgt. Fellow*
COB Line Mgt. Senior E.
Chair of the Board of Directors
CEO=Chief Executive
…… Project E.
Officer or Lead E.
CFO = Financial Officer Advisory*
COO= Operating Officer Staff*
CTO= Technology Officer
Sr.
V.P. of Marketing Associate
V.P. of E.*
Engineering Engineer
V.P. of MFG
V.P. of …………..
or
Director of …. “Entry
Director of …. Level”
* Large Co.
Board of Management
 There are three sets of skills required by
companies from a professional
engineer
Group A: Good Understanding of: Group B: Basic understanding of: Group C
1. Engineering science 1. The context in which 1. Curiosity and a
fundamentals: engineering is practiced, LifeLong desire to
a. Physical and life including: Learn. (LLL)
science.
b. Information - Economics/business practice 2. Ability to think
technology. - History critically and creatively
2. The
c. design and manufacturing
Math (including - The environment as well as
process
statistics) - Customer and social needs independently and
(understanding engineering). cooperatively.
3. Flexibility – the ability
3. Good communication skills: 2. A multidisciplinary and the self –
systems perspective. confidence to adopt.
a. Written
b. Verbal 3. The importance of
c. Graphic teamwork.
4. Ethical standard .
d. Listening
 Bachelors of Science in Engineering:
The Key to “Maaaaany” Doors

What employers are looking in new graduates ?

Fast learners

Team players
 Other Directions

1. Advanced Degrees-Academic Institutions

(Teaching, researching, publishing, community involvement)
2. Engineering Management (MSE/MBA)
3. Law (Patent law, Corporate Law)
4. Medicine (bioengineering, prosthetics (artificial body parts), …….. )
5. Government, Defense
6. Engineering Consultant
7. Your Own Business
8. 2020 ???
 Becoming a Professional Engineer

• Understand that Engineering is a Profession.

• Become familiar with Code of Ethics of your Discipline.

• Join Student Engineering Societies.

• Join other Professional Organizations.

• Always think of how you would like to be treated under similar

circumstances.

**There’s more to being an engineer than technical