Unit 1: Human Development

Meaning, Concept and Approaches

An, Introduction
 Introduction
Every living creature is called to become what it is
mean to be. The caterpillar is meant to become a
Butterfly; A seed is meant to be a full grown herb,
bush or a tree; a human baby into a mature person.
How this development happens is what we learn in
our biology class. We have seen it to be a fantastic
process. So wonderful a process that we cant help
but experience a feeling of awe for the power and
the force of God behind all these.
 Introduction
The Process of development involves beginning and
endings. What was this organism? What will the
organism be?
A number of researches on human development
have conducted. A lot of theories on human
development continue to exist, theories get
corrected, complemented or replaced. Up to the
present several issues on human development are
unresolved and so the search for explanation
continue.
 Learning Objectives
 Define human development in your own
words.

 Draw some principles of human development.

 Distinguish two Approaches to Human

Development.
 Activity 1
Here is a picture of Naschielle and Kenn. Each one is a bundle of
Possibilities. Describe what they were before birth (their point of
Origin) and who they will possibly be after birth unto the
adulthood. What will they possibly become? Expound your
Answers.
 Analysis
After listening to the Predictions Given by each
member of the group, Answer the Following Questions.
1. When you gave your predictions as to the kind of child adolescent and
adult Naschille and Kenn may become and Hypothesized on who they
once were, you were referring to human Development, what then is
development?
2. Will there be anything in common in the pattern of development of
Naschille and Kenn? If yes? Then what?
3. Will there be difference in their Development? (Pace or rate of
development? What and Why?
4. Will the process of Development take place very fast or Gradually?
Expound Your Answer?
5. Do you believe that they will continue to develop even in Adulthood? Or
will they stop developing in adulthood?
 Meaning of Human Development
• Human Development is the pattern of
movement or change that begins at
conception and continues through Life – Span.
Development Includes Growth and Decline.
This means that development can be positive
or Negative (Santrock, 2002)
 IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING LIFE SPAN
DEVELOPMENT
 Help us deal with people in particular age.
-The better you learn about them, the better
you can deal with them.
 Hope to gain Insight about the history of the
Person
 to know how a person would look like when
they grow old.
Stages of Human Development (Bloopers)

 Birth to 2 yrs --- “Pacute – an kuno”

 3 to 8 yrs old --- “paramihan ng toys”
 9 to 18 yrs old --- “pataasan ng grades”
 19 to 25 yrs old --- “padamihan ng syota”
 26 to 35 yrs old. --- “pagandahan ng asawa”
 35 to 45 yrs old --- “palakihan ng income”
 46 to 55 yrs old --- “padamihan ng kabit”
 56 to 70 --- “padamihan ng Sakit”
 70 and above --- “pabongahan ng libing”
 Human Development
Deals from the conception till the death of a
person.
In explaining this issue we aim to:
A. Describe
B. Explain
C. Discover ways to Optimize development.
 Some RESEARCH FINDINGS
1. Message therapy facillitates the growth and
immune system of infants. (field, 2002)
2. When high school take part in tutoring and
helping services in hospital or community, it
improves their self – esteem and relationship
with others.
3. Friendship Is a critical Aspect of marital Success.
4. Adults who exercise lose less brain tissue and
perform better cognitively.
 Development vs. Growth
A. Quality A. Quantity
B. Overall Change B. Physical
C. Intellectual
D. Emotional
E. Social
 Characteristic of Development
 PATTERN – PROCESS (ORDER)
 NOT ALL GROW THE SAME
 NOT CHAOTIC AND IMMEDIATE
 GRADUAL
 MAJOR PRINCIPLES OF DEV.
1. Development is relatively orderly – Naschielle and
kenn will learn to sit, crawl then walk before they can
run. The muscular control of the trunk and the arms
come earlier as to compared to the hands and
fingers. This is the proximodistal pattern, During
Infancy, the greatest growth always occur on the top
– the head, with physical growth in size, weight and
future differentiation gradually working on its way
down from top to bottom (neck,shoulder, middle
trunk and so on.) this is the cephalocaudal pattern.
 MAJOR PRINCIPLES OF DEV.
By understanding how this characteristic
develop, we can make relatively accurate and
useful predictions about learners and design
effective instructional strategies based on the
knowledge of development (sanstrock, 2002)
 MAJOR PRINCIPLES OF DEV.
2. While the pattern of devt is similar, the outcomes of
developmental process and the rate of development
are likely to vary among individuals.
 What were shared in the small group discussion on
what naschille and kenn may become were premised
on many “ifs” meaning if they come from a good home
with loving and caring parents they may develop into
warm and responsible children, adolescents and
adults. If they come from deprived environment, they
may develop into carefree and irresponsible
adolescents and adults.
Naschille may develop faster and more
favourable than kenn due to differences in
hereditary and environment. Since hereditary
and environment are different for people, it
seems obvious that individual will encounter
factors that make them different from other
individuals. As a result, we can expect individual
differences in developmental characteristics and
variation in the ages when people will
experience events that will influence their
development.
 MAJOR PRINCIPLES OF DEV.
3. Development takes place gradually – Naschille
and Kenn won’t develop into pimply teenagers
overnight. It takes years before they become one.
In Fact, That’s the way of nature. The bud does not
blossom suddenly. The seed does not germinate
overnight. While some changes occur in a flash of
insight, more often it takes weeks, months, or
years for a person to undergo changes that result
in the display of developmental Characteristics.
4. Development as a process is complex
because it is the product of biological, cognitive
and socio-emotional process.
Biological – process involve changes in the
individuals physical nature. The brain, physical
body (height and weight) Hormonal changes
when they get to puberty and cardio vascular
decline as they enter old age. All these show
the biological processes in development.
Cognitive – Processes involve changes in
individual’s thoughts, intellect, and language. A
kid may develop from mere sounds to a word
becoming two words, and two words becomes
sentences. From memorizing prayer to singing
lupang hinirang in every flag ceremony to
imaging what it would be like being a teacher or
a pilot, playing chess and solving complex math
problem. All these reflect cognitive devt.
Socioemotional – process involves changes in
individual relationship with other people, changes
in emotions, changes in personality. babies might
be sweet and affectionate as a kid, they show
temper and tantrums when they are not given
what they want. From aggressive children they
become fine lady and a gentleman. They may fall
inlove and get inspired for life or may end up
betrayed and deserted. All these are socio-
emotional factorss.
These bio – cognitive – and socioemotional process
are inextricably intertwined. While these process
are studied separately, the effect of one process or
factor on a person’s development is not isolated
from other processes. If a kid is undernourished
and troubled by the thought of father and mother
about to separate, they could not concentrate on
their studies and consequently will fail and repeat.
Two Approaches to Human Development

A. Traditional – There is a belief that humans

grow extensively during infancy to
adolescences, little to no change in
adulthood and decline towards late
adulthood.
B. Life – Span Approach - through out life
developmental change or growth. But it has
particular characteristics, these are as ff.
 Characteristics of Life Span Approach
1. Development is Lifelong – It does not end in
adulthood and no stage dominates development.
2. Development is multi – dimensional –
development consist of various domains.
3. Development is Plastic – Development is possible
throughout the life span.
4. Development is Contextual – people are changing
being in a changing world.
5. Development involves growth, maintenance and
regulation.
 Principles of Child Development
A. All domains of development
(bio,social,emotional, cognitive) are closely
interrelated and very significant to one
another as it influence each other.
B. Child’s learning follows a sequences with later
skills are build from those already acquired.
C. Development proceeds at varying rates from
child to child across different areas of child’s
individual functioning.
 Principles of Child Development
D. Development & learning results from dynamic
interaction of biological maturation and
experience.
E. Early Experiences have profound effect both
cumulative and delayed on child development
and learning and optimal period exist for a certain
types of development and learning to occur.
F. Development proceeds towards greater
complexity, self regulation, symbolic and
representational capacities.
 Principles of Child Development
G. Children Develop Best when they have secure, consistent
relationship with responsive adults and opportunities for
positive relationship with peers.

H. development and learning occur in and are influence by

multiple social and cultural contexts.

I. Always mentally active in seeking to understand the world

around them, children learn in variety of ways; a wide
range of teaching strategies and interactions are effective
in supporting all these kinds of learning .
 Principles of Child Development
J. Play is an important vehicle for developing self –
regulation as well as promoting language, cognition,
social competence.
K. Development and learning advance when children are
challenge to achieve at a level just beyond their current
mastery. And when they have the opportunity to
practise newly acquired skills.
L. Children’s Experiences shape their motivation and
approaches to learning such as persistence, initiative,
flexibility, in turn these disposition and behaviors affect
their learning and development.