H.K E.

SOCIETY’S
POOJYA DODDAPPA APPA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING KALABURAGI- 585102

(An Autonomous Institution , affiliated to VTU Approved by AICTE)

MINI PROJECT Presentation

Topic: SOLAR VEHICLE

PRESENTED BY: UNDER THE

SHASHANK C GUIDANCE OF:
CHANASHETTY- PROF. PANKAJ M
3PD19EC088

SIDRAM-
3PD19EC092
 ABSTRACT
 At present, solar vehicle is used as one of the cardinal
energy saving vehicle where the application of renewable
energy meets sustainable energy demand with reduction
of fuel cost plus purification of atmosphere. In this
vehicle, solar energy powers all or part of a vehicle's
propulsion. For running a model car or toy car which is a
miniature representation of an automobile, electric power
is needed to run the car. This Mini Project deals with an
attempt to investigate the energy recovery possibilities
from the solar energy by using a solar panel which
converts light energy from the sun into electrical power.
That power is transmitted to the storage battery. The
stored power of battery is used to run the car.
 CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 COMPONENTS USED IN PROJECT
 COMPONENT DISCRIPTION
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 WORKING OF THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 ADVANTAGEOUS
 DISADVANTAGEOUS
 CONCLUSION
 REFRENCES
 INTRODUCTION
 A solar car is a solar vehicle for use on public roads or race tracks.
Solar vehicles are electric vehicles that use self contained solar cells to
power themselves from sunlight. Solar vehicles typically contain a
rechargeable battery to help regulate and store the energy from the
solar cells and capture kinetic energy from the vehicle during
braking. Some solar cars can be plugged into external power sources
to supplement the power of sunlight used to charge their battery.
 Solar cars combine technology typically used in the aerospace, bicycle
, alternative energy and automotive industries. The design of solar
vehicles always emphasizes energy efficiency to make maximum use
of the limited amount of energy they can receive from sunlight. Most
solar cars have been built for the purpose of solar car races. However
several prototypes of solar cars designed for use on public roads have
been designed and built. As of November 2021, no solar cars have
reached production, although several are planned to enter production
in 2022.
 COMPONENTS USED IN THIS
PROJECT
 Solar panel
 DC motor
 Motor support
 Four wheels
 Hot glue
 Craft knife
 Cardboard
 Wire
COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
 Solar cars are powered by the sun’s energy
ergo solar panels are the most important part
 of a solar car since they are solely responsible
for collecting the sun’s energy. The solar
 panels used in this project are mono crystalline
and flexible. They can be mounted and
 fitted on top of the car or on the bonnet with
ease owing to their thin semi-flexible nature.

BATTERIES
 The solar panels will collect energy from the
sun and convert it into usable electrical
 energy, which in turn will be stored in the lead
acid batteries to be supplied to the motor when
necessary
DC MOTOR
 A DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical
machines that converts direct current electrical
energy into mechanical energy. The most
common types rely on the forces produced by
magnetic fields. Nearly all types of DC motors
have some internal mechanism, either
electromechanical or electronic; to periodically
change the direction of current flow in part of
the motor.



BLOCK DIAGRAM
 WORKING OF THIS CIRCUIT
 Solar cars have solar panels custom-designed to be
mounted on the surfaces receiving maximum sun
rays, which is generally the rooftop. The
photovoltaic cells on the solar panels comprise of
Silicon and a combination alloy of Galium and
Indium and Nitrogen gas.
 These elements have a natural retentive property
that allows them to absorb the light energy from the
solar rays. The retained energy then releases in form
of free-moving electrons into specially designed
storage sections.
 .
 In fact, we refer to this storage facility as batteries.
They comprise of special elements like Lithium-ion,
and Nickel – Cadmium, etc. These batteries have the
ability to convert free electrons into usable energy to
power the vehicle engine.
 The speciality of these batteries is that we can use
them repeatedly to power a vehicle. We can do it by
recharging them using solar energy.
 The best aspect of these Solar Cars is their ability to
constantly keep recharging their battery even when
parked idle under sunlight. Therefore this reduces the
cost of operation of a car to almost negligible
 Parts of a Solar vehicle and its working functions
 Solar Array – Also known as Solar Panel, they are
lined with thousands of photovoltaic cells that
convert the Solar Energy into usable electricity
 Power Trackers – Helps in channelizing the solar
electricity generated toward the battery for storage.
They also act as a stopper to prevent the batteries
from overcharging.
 Electric Motor – Converts the electric energy to
mechanical energy that helps in moving the wheels
 Navigational device – Steering or remote control helps
in navigating the solar car in the desired direction.
 Speed Controller – Helps to monitor the speed of the
vehicle and control the engine and wheels accordingly
 Chassis -The outer framework on which the entire
structure of the car sets upon
 Wheel – Helps in manoeuvring the direction and
speed of movement of the vehicle
 Battery – Stores the energy required to run the motor
and controller.

 When the solar car project is ready, take it to a place where
there is a lot of sun. Place the car on a level surface and
make sure that the solar panel is exposed to the sun. After
absorbing sunlight, the car will start to run.


 We can also explore the interior of our homes by replacing

sunlight with a high wattage bulb. We can predict a result
(which will be the exact same as followed by sunlight).


 In this solar car project, we will learn how solar panels, DC

motors work. So, we can do other projects with their help.
 ADVANTAGES
 A solar car is an eco-friendly vehicle because it has zero emission levels. They
do not burn fuels. The motors generate electricity that does not emit any toxic
gases or produce any pollution in the environment.


 The solar car makes less noise pollution when compared to the vehicles
powered by conventional fuel.


 Solar car vehicle has no fuel cost and it requires a low cost for maintenance.


 Since the solar car is made of light-weighted components, the car runs faster
and smoothly as compared to normal vehicles.


 In the solar car, solar panels derive the energy from the sunlight/bright bulbs
and store them. This stored energy can be used in the future as well.



 DISADVANTAGES
 The solar panels or the photovoltaic cell can only convert 20-30% of the
sunlight into electricity depending upon the material that has been used.


 The solar car does not have driver safety features and any other equipment
like headlights, rearview mirror, etc.


 The solar car requires a large surface area to mount the solar panels.


 This is all about how you can make a solar-powered car for a brilliant
science project. Just follow the steps and arrange all the requirements. By
doing this project, learn how solar cars operate and how this concept can be
an excellent way to replace fossil fuels in the future



 CONCLUSION
 In this project, we created a car that was powered by the sun (a
renewable energy source). To better understand how this design
functioned, here is a very basic break down on how solar panel
works.


 A Solar panel is comprised of smaller units called solar cells.

The Solar cells, or Photovoltaic cells(“photo” meaning light
“voltaic” meaning electricity),
 Generate a flow of electricity. For our solar car, we used a direct
current motor to move the unit, because the solar pane; created a
Direct Current flow of
 Electricity. It is important to note that a solar panel system used to
generate a
 Electricity for a home or for a power grid would require an
Inverter to change the direct current to an Alternating Current
 REFRENCE
 http://www.solarmade. com/SolarMiniPanels
%26Motors.htm
 http://scientificsonline. com/ Product # 30391-
18



THAN
K
YOU