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Identifying Quadratic Functions Using Table of Values, Graphs and Equations - PPT-JDLC

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39 views

Identifying Quadratic Functions Using Table of Values, Graphs and Equations - PPT-JDLC

Uploaded by

Erich Joy Dela Cruz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions

Warm Up
1. Evaluate x2 + 5x for x = 4 and x = –3.
36; –6
2. Generate ordered pairs for the function
y = x2 + 2 with the given domain.
D: {–2, –1, 0, 1, 2}

x –2 –1 0 1 2
y 6 3 2 3 6

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions

9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions

Holt
Holt Algebra
Algebra 11
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
The function y = x2 is shown in the graph. Notice that the
graph is not linear.

A quadratic function is any function that can be written


in the standard form y = ax2 + bx + c, where a, b, and c
are real numbers and a ≠ 0.

The function y = x2 can be written as y = 1x2 + 0x + 0,


where a = 1, b = 0, and c = 0.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Notice that the quadratic function y = x2 has constant
second differences.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Example 1A: Identifying Quadratic Functions

Tell whether the function is quadratic. Explain.


Since you are given a table
x y of ordered pairs with a
–2 constant change in x-
–9 +7
+1 values, see if the
–1 –2 –6
+1 second differences are
+1
0 –1 +0 constant.
+1
+1
1 0 +6 Find the first differences,
+7
+1 then find the second
2 7
differences.
The function is not quadratic. The second differences
are not constant.
Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Example 1B: Identifying Quadratic Functions

Tell whether the function is quadratic. Explain.

y = 7x + 3 Since you are given an equation,


use y = ax2 + bx + c.

This is not a quadratic function because the value


of a is 0.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Example 1C: Identifying Quadratic Functions

Tell whether the function is quadratic. Explain.

y – 10x2 = 9
Try to write the function in the
y – 10x = 9
2
form y = ax2 + bx + c by
+ 10x2 +10x2
solving for y. Add 10x2 to
y = 10x2 + 9 both sides.

This is a quadratic function because it can be written in


the form y = ax2 + bx + c where a = 10, b = 0, and c
=9.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions

The graph of a quadratic function


is a curve called a parabola.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Example 2B: Graphing Quadratic Functions by Using
a Table of Values
Use a table of values to graph the quadratic
function.
y = –4x2

x y Make a table of values.


–2 –16 Choose values of x and
use them to find values
–1 –4
of y.
0 0
Graph the points. Then
1 –4 connect the points with a
2 –16 smooth curve.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Check It Out! Example 2a
Use a table of values to graph each quadratic
function.
y = x2 + 2

x y Make a table of values.


Choose values of x and
–2 6 use them to find values
–1 3 of y.
0 2 Graph the points. Then
connect the points with a
1 3 smooth curve.
2 6

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions

When a quadratic function is written in the form


y = ax2 + bx + c, the value of a determines the
direction a parabola opens.

• A parabola opens upward when a > 0.

• A parabola opens downward when a < 0.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Example 3A: Identifying the Direction of a Parabola
Tell whether the graph of the quadratic
function opens upward or downward. Explain.

Write the function in the form

y = ax2 + bx + c by solving for y.

Add to both sides.

Identify the value of a.

Since a > 0, the parabola opens upward.


Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Example 3B: Identifying the Direction of a Parabola

Tell whether the graph of the quadratic


function opens upward or downward. Explain.
y = 5x – 3x2
Write the function in the
y = –3x2 + 5x form y = ax2 + bx + c.

a = –3 Identify the value of a.


Since a < 0, the parabola opens downward.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions

The highest or lowest point on a parabola is the


vertex.

If a parabola opens upward, the vertex is the


lowest point. If a parabola opens downward, the
vertex is the highest point.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Identify the vertex of each parabola. Then give
the minimum or maximum value of the function.

A. B.

The vertex is (–3, 2), and The vertex is (2, 5), and
the minimum is 2. the maximum is 5.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Check It Out! Example 4
Identify the vertex of each parabola. Then give
the minimum or maximum value of the function.
a. b.

The vertex is (–2, 5) and The vertex is (3, –1), and


the maximum is 5. the minimum is –1.
Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
For the graph of y = x2 – 4x + 5,
the range begins at the minimum
value of the function, where y = 1.
All the y-values of the function are
greater than or equal to 1. So the
range is y  1.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Example 5: Finding Domain and Range
Find the domain and range.

Step 1 The graph opens


downward, so identify the
maximum.
The vertex is (–5, –3), so
the maximum is –3.

Step 2 Find the domain and


range.
D: all real numbers
R: y ≤ –3

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions

3.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Lesson Quiz: Part I

1. Is y = –x – 1 quadratic? Explain.
No; there is no x2-term,
2. Graph y = 1.5x2. so a = 0.

Holt Algebra 1
9-1 Identifying Quadratic Functions
Lesson Quiz: Part II

Use the graph for Problems 3-5.


3. Identify the vertex. (5, –4)
4. Does the function have a
minimum or maximum? What is
it? max; –4
5. Find the domain and range.
D: all real numbers;
R: y ≤ –4

Holt Algebra 1

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