20IT510 CLOUD SERVICES

MANAGEMENT
 UNIT I CLOUD SERVICE MANAGEMENT
FUNDAMENTALS

• Cloud Ecosystem, The Essential

Characteristics, Basics of Information
Technology Service Management and Cloud
Service Management, Service Perspectives,
Cloud Service Models, Cloud Service
Deployment Models
 CLOUD COMPUTING
• Definition: Applications and services that run
on a distributed environment using virtualized
resources and accessed by common internet
protocol and networking standards.
• It is a virtualization-based technology that
allows us to create, configure, and customize
applications via an internet connection.
 Cloud computing
• Cloud computing is a model for enabling
ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network
access to a shared pool of configurable
computing resources that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider
interaction.
 Concepts of cloud computing:
1. Abstraction
• Abstract details of system implementation from users and developers
• No specified details of the physical devices to run the application
• Unknown data storage location
• Outsourced Administration
• Ubiquitous (universal or global) user access
• Platform independent

2. Virtualization
• Virtualize system by using pooling and sharing resources
• Centralized infrastructure for storage
• Cost estimation
• Enabled Multi-tenancy (mode of operation of software where multiple
• independent instances of one or multiple applications operate in a shared
• environment)
• Dynamic and Scalable resources
 Cloud Ecosystem
• The term "cloud ecosystem" refers to the
interconnected set of services, technologies,
and platforms that make up the cloud
computing environment.
• Cloud computing enables the delivery of
various computing services over the internet,
and it has become a fundamental part of
modern IT infrastructure.
Diagram
Different Roles within the Cloud Eco
System:
 Contd..
Cloud Consumer:
• It is party who uses services offered by cloud providers,
cloud brokers and cloud carriers during the business
• A person or organization that maintains a business
relationship with, and uses service from, cloud
providers

Cloud Providers of Cloud Service Provider (CSP):

• It is an entity responsible for making a service available
to cloud consumers (either directly or indirectly)
 Contd..
Cloud Carrier:
• It is an organization uses the infrastructure like internet and
telecommunications to connect with the end users (or) consumers.

Cloud Broker: (CSB)

• It is an organization that controls
o Usage
o Performance of cloud services
o Delivery of Cloud services
o Negotiates Partnership between cloud providers and cloud
consumers
 Contd..
Cloud Auditor:
• It is a third party that evaluates cloud services
independently and provides an opinion based
on those findings.

• It examines controls of cloud computing

service providers.
 Components of cloud ecosystem
• Cloud Service Providers (CSPs)
• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
• Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Cloud Storage
• Content Delivery Networks (CDNs)
• Serverless Computing
• Containers and Orchestration
• Cloud Security
• IoT and Edge Computing
• Data Analytics and Machine Learning
• DevOps and Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD)
• Hybrid and Multi-Cloud Environments
 Contd..
Cloud Service Providers (CSPs): These are companies that
offer cloud computing services and infrastructure.
• Some of the major CSPs include Amazon Web Services
(AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP),
and IBM Cloud.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS): IaaS providers offer
virtualized computing resources over the internet, such as
virtual machines, storage, and networking.
• Users can rent these resources on-demand, which is useful
for businesses that want to scale their infrastructure without
investing in physical hardware.
 Contd..
Platform as a Service (PaaS): PaaS providers offer platforms
and tools for developers to build, deploy, and manage
applications.
• These services abstract much of the underlying infrastructure
complexity, allowing developers to focus on coding.
Software as a Service (SaaS): SaaS providers deliver software
applications over the internet on a subscription basis.
• Users can access these applications without the need for
local installations.
• Examples include Salesforce, Microsoft 365, and Google
Workspace.
 Contd..
Cloud Storage: Cloud storage services provide scalable,
reliable(trustworthy), and often geographically distributed data storage.
• Users can store and retrieve data in the cloud, making it accessible
from anywhere with an internet connection.
• Popular cloud storage solutions include Amazon S3, Google Cloud
Storage, and Microsoft Azure Blob Storage.

Content Delivery Networks (CDNs): CDNs optimize the delivery of

web content and media by caching it on servers located in various
regions.
• This reduces latency and enhances the performance of web
applications and media streaming.
 Contd..
Serverless Computing: Serverless computing allows
developers to run code without managing servers.
• Cloud providers automatically scale and manage the
infrastructure, making it easier to build event-driven,
highly scalable applications.
Containers and Orchestration: Container technologies
like Docker and container orchestration platforms like
Kubernetes enable the efficient deployment and
management of applications in a consistent, portable
manner, making it easier to develop and scale applications.
 Contd..
Cloud Security: Security is a critical aspect of the
cloud ecosystem.
• CSPs offer a range of security services, and
organizations implement security practices to
protect their data and applications in the cloud.

IoT and Edge Computing: With the rise of the

Internet of Things (IoT), cloud ecosystems are
extending to the edge, where data processing and
analysis occur closer to the data source, reducing
latency and enabling real-time insights.
 Contd..
• Data Analytics and Machine Learning: Cloud
providers offer tools and services for data analytics
and machine learning, allowing organizations to
process and gain insights from large datasets.

• DevOps and Continuous Integration/Continuous

Deployment (CI/CD): Cloud services facilitate
DevOps practices by providing tools for automation,
testing, and deployment, enabling organizations to
release software faster and more reliably.
 Contd..
• Hybrid and Multi-Cloud Environments:
Some organizations use a combination of
public cloud, private cloud, and on-premises
infrastructure, creating a hybrid cloud
environment.
 The Essential Characteristics
• These characteristics, as defined by the National
Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
provide a framework for understanding the core
attributes of cloud computing
• On-Demand Self-Service
• Broad Network Access
• Resource Pooling
• Rapid Elasticity
• Measured Service
 On-demand:
• - It is an important and valuable features of cloud
computing.
• - It is enterprise-level delivery model that allows users
to easily provision and de-provision cloud resources
when needed or “on-demand.
• - Self-service mode: Consume storage and server
time as required without intervening with the service
provider. (control the usage, add or delete services)
• - Example: AWS, Microsoft, Google, IBM,
Salesforce.com
 Broad Network:
• Resources are allowed to access through any network from
multiple locations.
• It allows to access the functionality across a range of devices and
permitting remote connectivity from anywhere with an internet
connection.
• Cloud resources can be accessed by using any digital device
(mobile phones, laptops, tablets etc..) from anywhere in the world
where internet connection exists.
• Parameters : (for effective usage)
a. Fast connection (bandwidth)
b. No latency (No delay)
c. Excellent Quality of Service (QoS)
 Resource Pooling
• Resources: Hardware or Software (Computation, Storage or network )
• Resource Pool: A resource pool is a group of resources that can be
assigned to users.
• Resource Pooling: Serving the several consumers with a shared set of
material assets. (service to the consumers simultaneously)
• Data security should not compromised while sharing the resources
(multitenancy -> maintain individual space for every user)
• Dynamic Allocation: Resources are dynamically provided according to
need rather than being permanently allocated to users.
• Efficient Utilization: As load or demand fluctuates over time, this results
in efficient resource usage.
Contd..
 Rapid Elasticity

• It is one of the important and critical characteristics of cloud computing

• Elasticity: Scale the cloud resources as per the need of the consumers
• Resource Provision: Cloud computing can quickly provision resources
when the organization needs and pay for that portion of consumption.
(pay-per-use services)
• Consumers benefit from rapid elasticity because they can expand or reduce
their resources based on their needs.
• Example: Ecommerce platform, Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure,
and Google Cloud support rapid elasticity in cloud computing.
 Difference between Scalability and
Elasticity:
• Elasticity is used to meet dynamic changes, where the resources need can
increase or decrease.
• Scalability is always used to address the increase in workload in an
organization.
Advantages:
• a. High availability and reliability
• b. Growth supporting
• c. Automation capability
• d. Cost effective
Disadvantages:
• a. Learning Curve (learning new programming tools)
• b. Security (authentication, incident response, root cause analysis)
• c. Cloud lock-in (vendors lock the resources into the service)
 Measured Service
• It is a essential service or function in cloud computing
(connected to payments)
• It is a delivery model in which a utility provider monitors how
much of a particular service each customer consumes within a
designated time period.
• Pay-as-you-go: The amount fluctuates depending on how
much resource it really uses. (charging based on time and
usage)
• Cloud computing automatically regulate and optimize resource
utilization.
• Resource usage can be monitored, controlled and reported,
providing transparency for both the providers and consumers
of the utilized service.
 Basics of Information Technology Service
Management and Cloud Service Management:

• Information Technology Service Management

(ITSM) and Cloud Service Management are
related concepts that focus on delivering and
managing IT services effectively.
• Here are the basics of both:
 Information Technology Service
Management (ITSM)
Definition : ITSM is a set of practices, processes,
and policies used to design, plan, deliver,
manage, and improve IT services for an
organization.
It is about ensuring that IT services meet the
needs of the business and its users.
 Contd..
• Service management: It includes the operational aspects of
the applications and services.
• Goal of IT Service Management: IT teams manage the end-
to-end delivery of IT services to customers.
• Definition: It define an approach towards IT processes and
service delivery, strictly aligned with business objectives.
• Core Concept of IT Management: IT should be delivered as
a Service
• Different Services: It includes all the processes and
activities to design, create, deliver, and support IT services.
 Contd..
• Practices involved in entire life cycle:
a. Designing b. Developing c. Managing d. Optimizing
• IT services incorporates
a. Best Practices b. Technology c. People d. Processes
• Requirements needed for ISTM software and Tools:
a. Easy to use and setup
b. Enable collaboration (Provides a platform for developers and cross-
functional teams to work together for faster issue resolution.)
c. Adapts to your needs

• Example: Submitting ticket to resolve a laptop issue ( fill and submit a

pre defined form in the service catalog – assign an any IT team – solve
the issue)
 Key Components:
• Service Desk: A central point of contact for users to report
issues, make service requests, and seek IT assistance.
• Incident Management: The process of managing and
resolving unplanned interruptions or issues in IT services.
• Change Management: The systematic approach to managing
and controlling changes to IT infrastructure and services.
• Problem Management: Identifying and addressing the root
causes of recurring incidents.
 Contd..
• Service Level Management: Ensuring that IT services meet
agreed-upon service levels and performance metrics.
• Configuration Management: Maintaining an accurate and
up-to-date record of IT assets and configurations.
• IT Asset Management: Managing and tracking IT assets
throughout their lifecycle.
• Release and Deployment Management: Planning and
controlling the rollout of new IT services and updates.
 Contd..
ITIL (Information Technology Infrastructure Library):
• A widely used framework for ITSM that provides best
practices for service management.

• Benefits: ITSM helps organizations improve the quality of

their IT services, reduce operational costs, enhance customer
satisfaction, and ensure compliance with regulations and
standards.
 Cloud Service Management
Definition: Cloud Service Management is a subset of ITSM that
specifically focuses on managing and optimizing cloud services.
• It includes practices and processes related to the delivery,
operation, and improvement of cloud-based services.

Key Components:
• Cloud Service Catalog: A list of cloud services offered by a
provider, detailing their features, pricing, and availability.
• Service Provisioning: The process of making cloud services
available to users, including resource allocation and
configuration.
 Contd..
• Cloud service providers are no different to traditional IT service
providers in relation to their need to provide quality, cost-effective,
secure and available IT services.
• Cloud based service providers is the provision of IT infrastructure
and services under a utility or pay-per-use model.
Key Aspects:
• Cloud Deployment Models
• Cloud Service Models
• Cloud Security and Compliance
• Resource Scaling
• Service Level Agreements
• Cloud Governance
 Contd..
• Monitoring and Management: Continuously monitoring the
performance, availability, and security of cloud services.
• Scaling and Optimization: Adjusting resources and configurations
to meet changing demands and optimize costs.
• Security and Compliance: Ensuring that cloud services adhere to
security best practices and regulatory requirements.
• Cost Management: Controlling and optimizing cloud service costs,
including budgeting and allocation.

• Benefits: Cloud Service Management helps organizations effectively

use cloud services, reduce costs, maintain security and compliance,
and ensure that cloud resources align with business needs.
 Summary
• In summary, ITSM encompasses a broader set of practices for
managing IT services, while Cloud Service Management
focuses specifically on the management of services in a cloud
computing environment.
• Both are essential for organizations looking to deliver high-
quality IT services and leverage the benefits of cloud
technology while managing associated risks and costs.
• They provide a structured and systematic approach to service
delivery and management.
 Service Perspectives
• Service perspectives refer to different viewpoints or
approaches for understanding and managing services.
• In the context of business and IT services, there are several
key perspectives that organizations consider to ensure the
effective delivery and management of services.
• These perspectives help organizations align their services with
business objectives, customer needs, and operational
efficiency
 some important service perspectives:
Business Perspective:
• Focus: Aligning services with business goals and strategies.
• Key Considerations: Understanding how services contribute to
revenue, customer satisfaction, and competitive advantage.
Prioritizing services that drive business value.
 Contd..
Customer Perspective:
• Focus: Meeting customer needs and expectations.
• Key Considerations: Understanding customer requirements,
feedback, and satisfaction.
• Ensuring that services are designed and delivered with a
customer centric approach.
 Contd..
Service Design Perspective:
• Focus: Designing services for quality, efficiency, and user-
friendliness.
• Key Considerations: Creating well-defined service offerings,
processes, and user experiences.
• Balancing functionality, usability, and aesthetics.
 Contd..
Service Operations Perspective:
• Focus: Efficiently delivering and maintaining services.
• Key Considerations: Managing incidents, changes, and
problems.
• Monitoring and optimizing service performance and
availability.
 Contd..
Service Management Perspective:
• Focus: Governance and control of services.
• Key Considerations: Implementing ITSM (Information
Technology Service Management) processes, policies, and
best practices.
• Ensuring compliance with standards and regulations.
 Contd..
Technology Perspective:
• Focus: Leveraging technology for service delivery.
• Key Considerations: Selecting and managing the right
technology stack, infrastructure, and tools to support service
operations and innovation.

Cost and Financial Perspective:

• Focus: Managing service costs and financial aspects.
• Key Considerations: Budgeting, cost analysis, and optimizing
spending on service delivery.
• Understanding the cost structure of services.
 Contd..
Security and Compliance Perspective:
• Focus: Ensuring service security and regulatory compliance.
• Key Considerations: Implementing security measures to protect services
and data.
• Adhering to industry-specific regulations and standards.

Performance and Quality Perspective:

• Focus: Measuring and improving service performance and quality.
• Key Considerations: Defining and monitoring key performance indicators
(KPIs).
• Continuously enhancing service quality.
 Contd..
Innovation and Growth Perspective:
• Focus: Fostering innovation and adapting to change.
• Key Considerations: Identifying opportunities for service innovation and
growth.
• Staying agile and responsive to market dynamics.
• These service perspectives are interconnected and should be considered
holistically to achieve a well-rounded and effective service strategy.
• Organizations need to balance the various perspectives to deliver services that
are not only aligned with business goals and customer needs but also
efficiently managed and continuously improved.
• Effective service management frameworks, such as ITIL (Information
Technology Infrastructure Library) and COBIT (Control Objectives for
Information and Related Technologies), provide guidance for integrating
these perspectives into service delivery and management practices.
 Key Factors:
• The following key factors are used to avoid the challenges or to
reduce the challenges for adoption of cloud computing in service
perspective.

1. Developing authentication models in the Cloud

2. High Availability of Cloud Services
3. Using Cloud Multi-Tenant Infrastructure Model
4. Better Cloud Compatibility and Scalability for Cloud Services
5. Need Virtualization Technology in Cloud Computing Environments
6. Implement Automated Tools and Develop Application Portability
7. Review service-level agreements
 Contd..
8. Flexibility Access to Data on Cloud Storage
9. Create, Deploy, Develop, and Implement Policies and Procedures for the
Cloud
10. Challenge Cloud Infrastructure Need to Trust Computing and
Cryptography
11. Data Protection and Integrity for the Cloud
12. Enhancing Cyber Challenge Systems
13. Change Management and Incident Response Procedures (Plan)
14. Hypervisor Complexity
15. Cloud Reduce Denial of Service (DoS) Attack
16. Understand the Fundamental Technologies
17. Services are Fully Managed and Delivered by a Third Party in Cloud
Computing
 Contd..
18. Reducing Cost and Carbon Footprint for Cloud Services
19. Controls Need to Composite Cloud Services
20. Speed of Cloud Deployment and Ease Integration
21. Decreased effort in management technology in Cloud
Computing
22. Managing Cloud Data Confidentiality and Increasing
Auditability
23. Implement Application Level for Data Caching
24. Usability and Biometric System for Cloud Computing
Environment
25. Cryptography and Steganography
 Cloud Service Models
• Cloud service models define the types of cloud computing
services and how they are delivered to users.
• There are three primary cloud service models:
• 1. Deployment Model – Location and management of cloud
infrastructure
• 2. Service Models – Accessing the particular type of services
on cloud computing platform
• 3. NIST Model -National Institute of Standard and technology
 NIST Model(National Institute of Standard
and technology)
• - US government is a major consumer of cloud computing network
• - It defines separate deployment and service models
• - Concept:
• Initial version: Doesn`t require a cloud to use virtualization to pool resources
Latest Version: It supports
• 1. Virtualization(software mimics the functions of physical hardware to run multiple
virtual machines)
• 2. Multi – tenancy(when several different cloud customers are accessing the same
computing resources)
• o Follows modular interacting components - SOA
Drawback:
• 1. Not addressing the intermediary services
• a. Transaction or service brokers
• b. Provisioning
• c. Integration
• d. Interoperability services
NIST cloud Computing Architecture
 Cloud Cube Model:
• Goal: Protection of cloud networks
• Four Dimension:
• 1. Physical location of the data (Internal – I, External € based on organization
boundaries)
• 2. Ownership (Proprietary –P, Open – O)
Technology ownership
Interoperability
Ease of data transfer
Degree of vendor-application lock-in
• 3. Security Boundary (Perimeterized- per, De-Perimeterized – (D-p))
Operation is inside or outside security boundary or network firewall
• 4. Sourcing
Service provided by either customer or service provider (deliver of the service)
• o Two Different States:
• 1. Per (IP, IO, EP, EO)
• 2. D-P (IP, IO, EP, EO)
Diagrammatic Representation:
Deployment Models:
 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS):
• Description: IaaS provides virtualized computing resources
over the internet.
• Users can rent these resources on a pay-as-you-go basis.
• IaaS typically includes virtual machines, storage, and
network resources.
• Use Cases: IaaS is ideal for organizations that need flexible
infrastructure without investing in physical hardware.
• It's commonly used for hosting applications, development
and testing environments, and data storage.
 Platform as a Service (PaaS):
• Description: PaaS offers a platform and development
environment that allows developers to build, deploy, and
manage applications without worrying about the underlying
infrastructure.
• It includes tools, libraries, and services for application
development.
• Use Cases: PaaS is suitable for developers and
organizations that want to focus on coding and application
development without managing infrastructure.
• It's often used for web application hosting, database
management, and application scaling.
 Software as a Service (SaaS):

• Description: SaaS delivers software applications over the

internet on a subscription basis.
• Users access these applications through a web browser,
eliminating the need for local installations or maintenance.
• Use Cases: SaaS is widely used for common business
applications like email, customer relationship management
(CRM), office productivity tools, and collaboration software.
• It's suitable for organizations looking for cost-effective, easy-
to-use software solutions.
 Function as a Service (FaaS) or Serverless Computing:

• Description: FaaS allows developers to run individual

functions or code snippets in response to events.
• The cloud provider manages the underlying infrastructure, and
users are charged based on the number of executions.
• Use Cases: FaaS is well-suited for event-driven applications,
microservices, and tasks that require automatic scaling based
on demand.
 Container as a Service (CaaS):
• Description: CaaS provides a platform for managing
containers, such as Docker containers.
• It simplifies container orchestration, scaling, and management
tasks.
• Use Cases: CaaS is used for containerized application
deployment and management, particularly in microservices
architectures.
Integration Platform as a Service (iPaaS):
• Description: iPaaS offers tools and services for integrating
applications, data, and services in the cloud and on-premises.
• It facilitates data and application integration in a scalable,
cloud-based environment.
• Use Cases: iPaaS is used for connecting various software and
services, making it easier to exchange data and automate
workflows.
• Ex : Oracle , Boomi , Workato
 Cloud Service Deployment Models :
• Cloud service deployment models define where and how cloud
services and resources are hosted and managed.
• There are several deployment models for cloud computing,
including:
• Public Cloud:
• Private Cloud:
• Community Cloud:
• Hybrid Cloud:
• Multi-Cloud:
• Distributed Cloud:
 Public Cloud:
• Description: In a public cloud, cloud resources and services
are owned and operated by a third-party cloud service
provider.
• These services are made available to the general public over
the internet.
• Key Characteristics: Multi-tenant, highly scalable, cost-
effective, and accessible to anyone.
• Examples of public cloud providers include AWS, Azure, and
Google Cloud.
 Contd
• Services Offered: Cloud service provider provides all the possible services
and hardware based on the needs of the consumer.
• - pay-as-per-use model: free or sold on-demand, allowing customers to pay
only per usage for the CPU cycles, storage, or bandwidth they consume.
• - Hosting: Service provider location
• - Connectivity: Must connected to the public network
• - Resources are shared with other users
• - Management of cloud: Cloud Service Provider
Technology Used in Public Cloud:
• a. Virtualization
• b. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
• C. Grid Computing
• d. Utility Computing
 contd
• - Example: YouTube, iCloud, Dropbox, Microsoft OneDrive, Google Drive,
• Gmail, Microsoft Azure, AWS, NetFlix, IBM Blue Cloud, Sun Cloud etc..
• Advantages:
• a. High Scalability and reliability (Distributed)
• b. Low cost
• c. Location independent (services offered through internet)
• d. Easy set up
• - Disadvantages:
• a. Security depends on the service provider
• b. Performance is medium (depends on network bandwidth)
• c. Less customization
• d. Limited controls (infrastructure and services)
• e. Compliance requirements are challenging
 Private Cloud:
• Description: A private cloud is dedicated to a single
organization.
• It can be hosted on-premises or by a third-party provider.
• The key characteristic is that it serves the needs of one
organization exclusively.
• Key Characteristics: Enhanced security, control, and
customization. Private clouds are often used by organizations
with strict security and compliance requirements.
 contd
• Sharing of resources is removed
• - Management of Cloud: Organization or private
• - Hosting of Private Cloud: On or off premises (places) - On-
premise data centers are built on the organization's premises,
whereas private clouds are hosted on remote infrastructure.
• - Isolation: Resources are isolated and in the control of one
organization.
• - Connectivity: Connected to the private network
 Contd
• Dedicated Platform: It is a dedicated platform in a public
cloud environment
• - Technology Used in Private Cloud:
• a. Virtualization
• b. Management software
• c. Automation
• - Expensive: It is more expensive to purchase than public
cloud
Example: Microsoft KVM, HP, Red Hat &
VMWare, AWS S3, etc.,
• Benefits:
• a. Better security & privacy
• b. Better control
• c. Predictable cost (high
• compare to public)
• d. Legal compliance can be resolved easily
• e. Improved Flexibility
• f. Quick service delivery
• g. Easy resource customization
• - Limitations:
• a. Limited Scalability
• b. Need huge initial investment
• a. Limited Access
• b. Skilled people are required to operate
 Community Cloud:
• Description: A community cloud is shared by several
organizations with similar interests or compliance
requirements. It is a hybrid cloud that is tailored to the needs
of a specific community.
• Key Characteristics: Shared infrastructure, shared
management, and a focus on a particular industry or
community, such as healthcare or finance.
 Contd
• Managed by organization or third party
• - Group of organization: It allows systems and services to be accessible
by a group of several organizations to share the information.
• - It is owned, managed, and operated by one or more organizations in the
community, a third party, or a combination of them.
• - It allows to share missions, policy, security, regulatory compliance needs
 Contd
• Advantages
• a. Cost effective
• b. Flexible and scalable
• c. Security
• d. Sharing of infrastructure
• - Disadvantages
• a. Not suitable for single organization
• b. Slow adoption of data
• c. Fixed amount of data storage and bandwidth is shared among group of
• members
• d. It is costlier than public cloud
• e. Sharing of resources is difficult
 Hybrid Cloud:
• Description: A hybrid cloud is a combination of two
or more different cloud deployment models (e.g.,
public, private, or community).
• These clouds are typically interconnected to enable
data and application portability.
• Key Characteristics: Offers flexibility and the
ability to leverage the strengths of different cloud
types. Allows data and applications to move between
environments.
Example: Amazon, Microsoft, Google, Cisco, NetApp, etc..
- Types of Hybrid cloud platforms
a. Customer managed
b. Vendor managed
c. Partner managed
d. Cloud provider managed
 Contd
• Advantages
• a. Greater flexibility
• b. Improved deployment, security and compliance
• c. Better control
• d. Effective risk management
• - Disadvantages
• a. Complex network design
• b. Infrastructure compatibility issues
• c. Reliability is depends on cloud service providers
 Multi-Cloud:
• Description: A multi-cloud strategy involves using services
from multiple cloud providers.
• Organizations may use different providers for specific tasks,
applications, or geographic regions.
• Key Characteristics: Ensures redundancy, mitigates vendor
lock-in, and leverages specialized services from different
providers.
 Distributed Cloud:
• Description: Distributed cloud is an emerging concept where
cloud resources are distributed to different physical locations
and data centers.
• These resources are managed centrally but located closer to
the end-users or IoT devices.
• Key Characteristics: Low-latency access, reduced data
transfer costs, and the ability to support edge computing use
cases.