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Functions and Module

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6 views

Functions and Module

Uploaded by

chiku.myspot
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
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Python Programming

Kawaljit Kaur
Function

• A function is a block of code which only runs when it is called.

• You can pass data, known as parameters, into a function.

• A function can return data as a result.


Creating and Calling a Function
In Python a function is defined using def numberReverse(n):
the def keyword:
rev = 0
def myFunction(): while n != 0:
r = n % 10
print("This is my first function")
rev = rev * 10 + r
n = n//10
myFunction()# FUNCTION CALL
return rev
rev = numberReverse(12345) # FUNCTION CALL
print("Reverse is:",rev)
Function Arguments
• Information can be passed into
functions as arguments. def myFunction(name):
• Arguments are specified after the
print("My Name is:", name)
function name, inside the
parentheses. You can add as many myFunction("Deepak ")# Function Call
arguments as you want, just separate myFunction("Rahul Kumar")# Function Call
them with a comma.
• By default, a function must be called Here Argument is name.
with the correct number of
arguments. Meaning that if your
function expects 2 arguments, you
have to call the function with 2
arguments, not more, and not less.
Arbitrary Arguments, *args
• If you do not know how many def myFunction(*name):
arguments that will be passed l = len(name)
into your function, add for i in range(l):
a * before the parameter name print(name[i])
in the function definition.
• This way the function will myFunction("Ram","Sham")
receive a tuple of arguments, myFunction("Ram","Sham","Mohan")
and can access the items
accordingly. myFunction("Ram","Sham","Mohan","Manoj")

Note: Here myFunction() is called with arbitrary


number of arguments.
Keyword Arguments
• You can also send arguments def myFunction(fname,lname):
with the key = value syntax. print("Fname:",fname)
• This way the order of the print("Lname:",lname)
arguments does not matter.

myFunction(lname=“Kumar",fname="Deepak")

Note: Here myFunction() is called by passing


lname argument at first place even through it is the
second argument in Function definition.
Arbitrary Keyword Arguments, **kwargs

• If you do not know how many def myFunction(**name):


keyword arguments that will for i in name:
be passed into your function, print(name[i])
add two asterisk: ** before the
parameter name in the function
definition.
myFunction(lname="Vats",fname="Deepak")
• This way the function will
receive a dictionary of myFunction(lname="Vats",fname="Deepak",UID = "191001")
arguments, and can access the
items accordingly. Note: Here myFunction() is called by passing
arbitrary number of keyword arguments.
Default Parameter

• The following example shows def myFunction(name = "Deepak"):


how to use a default parameter print(“My Name is “ + name)
value.
• If we call the function without
argument, it uses the default myFunction()
value myFunction(“Rahul")

OUTPUT:
My Name is Deepak
My Name is Rahul
Call by Value

• When the object you are def myFunction(name1):


passing to the function is name1 = "Hello India"
immutable than it means we print("Inside Function:",name1)
are passing arguments using
Call by value.
name = "Deepak Kumar"
myFunction(name)
print("Outside Function:",name)

OUTPUT:
Inside Function: Hello India
Outside Function: Deepak Kumar
Call by Reference

• When the object you are def myFunction(myList1):


passing to the function is myList1.append(1004)
mutable than it means we are print("Inside Function myList is:",myList1)
passing arguments using Call
by reference.
myList = [1001, 1002, 1003]
myFunction(myList)
print("Outside Function myList is:",myList)

OUTPUT:
Inside Function myList is: [1001, 1002, 1003, 1004]
Outside Function myList is: [1001, 1002, 1003, 1004]
Module in Python

• Consider a module to be the same as a code library.

• A file containing a set of functions you want to include in your application.


How to create module?

mymodule.py
• To create a module just
def myFunction(name):
save the code you want in
print("Hello, " + name)
a file with the file
extension .py module_demo.py
import mymodule
mymodule.myFunction("Deepak")
How to add variables in module?
mymodule.py
def myFunction(name):
• Here Student dictionary print("Hello, " + name)
student = {
is added to the existing
"name": "RAM",
module and then one "UID": 1001,
element of the dictionary "country": "INDIA"
}
is accessed.
module_demo.py
import mymodule
mymodule.myFunction("Deepak")
a = mymodule.student["country"]
print("country:",a)

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