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22 views6 pages

6 Visual

Uploaded by

tesewaka3
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Inclusion of Persons with Visual Impairment

 Visual impairment: is a generic term used to describe


anyone who have difficulty to use his/her sense of vision,
which can include blind or partially sighted.
 Visual impairment is defined both legally and
educationally.
Legal definition: The legal definition of visual impairment
is based on the measure of central visual acuity and
peripheral or field vision.
a) Visual acuity is the ability to discriminate or see
objects clearly at a specific distance. Central visual
acuity is measured by a Snellen chart.
b) Peripheral vision the ability to discriminate or see
objects clearly, straightly without the movement of the
head with in 180 degree.
a) Legal definition of visual impairment
 Perfect vision =20/20 feet
 Partial sightedness (low vision)
 is a condition in which one’s vision is seriously impaired.
 defined usually as having between 20/70 and 20/200
feet central visual acuity in the better eye, with
correction.
 Blindness
 a descriptive term referring to lack of sufficient vision
for the daily life activities.
 Legally defined as having central visual acuity of
20/200 or less using the better eye with correction. Or
 having a peripheral vision contracted to an extent in
which the widest diameter of the visual field covers an
angular distance less than 20 degrees.
b) Educational definition of visual impairment
 Partial sightedness
 is a condition by which pupils who by reason of impaired
vision cannot follow the normal regime of ordinary class.
 but can be educated by special methods involving the use
of sight. Such pupils use print materials but may need
modifications such as enlarged ink print or magnified eye
glasses.

 Blindness
 is a situation that refers to total or partial loss of sight or
has little vision, but these persons must be educated
through channels other than sight (Example using Braille
or audio-tapes).
Developmental Characteristics of PWVI
Domains Characteristics
Cognitive Have difficulty to understand color concept
and time & distance r/ship
Academic If they are provided with appropriate and
relevant supports and services they can
achieve similarly like their sighted peers.
Physical There is no significant difference in size,
shape, and structure, but in mobility and
quality of skills could differed.
Social Limited vision results in social interactions,
so faces many difficulties
 Prevention of Visual Impairment

 Regular eye check. Especially for those people whose


eyesight may be affected by their nature of occupation.
For example:
 Teachers, computers users, Drivers, Welders, those
who have diabetes, glaucoma or blood pressure.

 Wearing black eye glasses to prevent from UV of sunny


weather.

 Giving up smoking cigarettes and taking alcohols.


 Educational Intervention for PWVI
 Reduce distance between student and speaker.
 Seat students near board or projections, or give them the
freedom to move close to areas of clear vision.
 Reduce distracting glare and visual distractions as much as
possible.
 Ensure fully opened or closed doors.
 Use auditory cues when referring to objects in the
classroom and during instructional presentations.
 When presenting visually dependent material, verbalize
written information, described pictures and narrate non-
variable sequences in videotapes or movies.
 Make sure glasses and other visual aids are functioning
properly.
 Provide mobility and orientation, Braille, and JAWS.

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