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Session 9,10

Japanse class

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21 views12 pages

Session 9,10

Japanse class

Uploaded by

mahesh-kushwaha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COURSE IN CONVERSATIONAL

JAPANESE

MODULE 1
SESSION 7: FUNDAMENTALS OF
JAPANESE GRAMMAR

session 9,10 1
Verbs indicating movement
 [Subject] wa (verb indicating movement)

 Phrases:
 [Destination] + e : to some place
 [Mode of Transport] + de : by some mode of transport
 [Person] + to : with some person
 [Destination] + kara : from some place
 [Specific Time] + ni : at some specific time

session 9,10 2
Verbs indicating movement
 [Destination] + kara

 The word ‘kara’ means ‘from’ in English. This the


phrase indicates the destination from where the
‘subject’ makes movement.

 Eg:
 kaisha kara kimasu: to come from office
 ichiba kara uchi e kaerimasu: to return home from
the market

session 9,10 3
Verbs indicating movement
 Sentence construction

 watashi wa jugyou kara kimashita


 anata wa kuukou kara nan de kaerimasu ka
 nakamura san wa douryou to koujou kara kaisha e
kimashita
 yamashita san wa tomodachi no uchi kara
kaerimashita
 honda san wa eki kara uchi / resutoran made / e
aruite ikimashita session 9,10 4
Verbs indicating movement
 Desinations/ place names
 Mode of transport

 densha - train
 kaisha - office
 kuruma/ jidousha - car
 eki - station
 basu - bus
 kuukou - airport
 hikouki - airplane  koujou - factory
 chikatetsu - subway  ichiba - market
 takushi - cab  resutoran - restaurant
 shinkansen- bullet train  jugyou/ kurasu – class
 aruite - walking - - - - * (do not use ‘de’ after  uchi - home
aruite)
 nan de - using what? Or How?

 Translate the following into Japanese

 Mr Moriko went to the factory from office with his colleague


 Mr Watanabe went home from the airport by a cab
 I did not go to the station from class.
sessionI9,10
went to my friends house. 5
 Japanese people go to the airport from Tokyo by a bus.
Verbs indicating movement
 Time words:
 asa - morning
 gogo - afternoon
 yoru - evening or night

 The prefix ‘mai’ – used to indicate ‘~every’ only with respect to time.
Eg: mainichi- everyday
maishuu- every week and so on

session 9,10 6
Saying time in Japanese
 [Numeral] + ji [Numeral] + fun/bun/pun
 ‘ji’ is used to indicate hours and ‘fun/bun/pun’ is used for indicating minutes.
 Eg: 5:05 will be said as ‘goji gofun’
 Table for ~ fun

 1 - ippun
 2 - nifun
 3 - sanbun
 4 - yonfun
 5 - gofun
 6 - roppun
 7 - nanafun
 8 - happun
 9 - kyuufun
 10 - juppun

 nanpun – how many minutes session 9,10 7


Saying time in Japanese
 Sentence Construction:
 ima wa [Numeral] ji [Numeral] fun desu.
ima = now

 ima wa juuji sanjuppun desu


(It is 10:30)
 ima wa sanji juugofun desu
(It is 3:15)
 ima wa nan ji desu ka
(What time is it?)
 ima wa kuji yonjuugofun desu
(It is 9:45)

 sore wa hachi ji no basu desu


(That is an 8:00 bus)
 watashi wa goji juugofun no densha de uchi e kaerimashita
(I went home by the 5:15 train) session 9,10 8
Verbs indicating movement
 [Specific Time] + ni

 In Japanese, we use the particle ‘ni’ only after a specific time word
and not after a word showing time in general.

 Eg: We will not use ‘ni’ after the words ‘morning’ or ‘next week’- as we
do not get an answer to the question ‘when exactly’

 Eg: However, we use the particle ‘ni’ after the words ‘monday’ or ‘4 o’
clock’- as we get an answer to the question ‘when exactly’

 itsu - when … (question word)

session 9,10 9
Dates in Japanese
 General rule is  However, the other numbers will
follow the general rule
[Numeral] + nichi
However 1-10, 14, 20 and 24 are
exceptions  15 - juugonichi
 30 - sanjuunichi
1 - tsuitachi  28 - nijuuhachinichi
2 - futsuka
3 - mikka
4 - yokka Since these dates indicate
5 - itsuka specific time, we usually add a ‘ni’
6 - muika we say the date.
7 - nanoka
8 - youka
9 - kokonoka
10 - touka
14 - juuyokka
20 - hatsuka
24 - nijuuyokka
session 9,10 10
nannichi – what date?
Verbs indicating movement
 [Subject] wa [Specific Time] ni [Place] e (Verb indicating movement)

 watashi wa nichiyoubi ni ichiba e ikimasu


 muramatsu san wa doyoubi no asa nihon e kimashita
 watashi wa mainichi goji ni uchi e kaerimasu
 keiko san wa senshuu toukyou e ikimashita
 sukiko san wa maishuu nichiyoubi ni jugyou e ikimasu
 kinou watashi wa hachiji ni kaisha e ikimasen deshita. Kuji sanjuppun
ni ikimashita

 A: sore wa doko no basu desu ka. akihabara no basu desu ka.


B: iie, akihabara no basu dewa arimasen. nishidai no basu desu.
ima wa juuniji sanjuppun desu. akihabara no basu wa ichiji
no basu desu.
A: sou desu ka. arigatou gozaimasu.
session 9,10 11
Verbs indicating movement
 Few more sentences

 A: kyou wa nanyoubi desu ka.


B: kyou wa nichiyoubi desu.
A: sou desu ka. kyou wa nannichi desu ka.
B: kyou wa futsuka / nijuusan nichi desu.

 moriko: sari san wa ima doko e ikimasu ka.


sari: watashi wa koujou e ikimasu.
moriko: sou desu ka. nan de ikimasu ka.
sari: watashi wa shachou to ikimasu kara (because)
kuruma de ikimasu.
moriko: nanji ni kaerimasu ka.
sari: watashi wa gogo sanji ni kaerimasu. koujou kara kaisha
e ikimasu.
session 9,10 12

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