CONDITIONAL TYPE 3

How do we form the past perfect?

Examples:
• John had already left the house.
• Subject + had + had
• She pastwashed
participle
the car.
• They had arrived early.
 How do we form the perfect conditional?

• Subject + would have + past participle

Examples:
• We would have arrived earlier.
• She would have finished a long time ago.
• Sam would have received it by now.
HOW DO WE FORM THE THIRD CONDITIONAL ?

STRUCTURE

would/could/might +have +
If + Past Perfect

+
Past Participle
if clause

Main Clause
 5

Read this text:

“When John was 25; he had to choose a career:
a. To become an English teacher.
b. To become a businessman.

He finally decided to become an English teacher because he wanted to be able to

travel around the world and work at the same time.
- If he hadn’t become an English teacher, he wouldn’t have moved to London.
- If he had become a businessman, he could have earned a lot of money.”
He finally decided to become an English teacher because he wanted to be
able to travel around the world and work at the same time.
- If he hadn’t become an English teacher, he wouldn’t have moved to
London.
- If he had become a businessman, he could have earned a lot of
money.”

Is he able to change the past?

What is he doing then?

He is just thinking about past possibilities, but he can't change them.

6
• Unreal or Imaginary situations in the past

If I had won the lottery, I would have left my job.

• To criticize somebody/something

If you hadn’t used The soup wouldn’t have

too much salt, been so disgusting
 • To express regret

If I hadn’t gone to I would have woken

bed so late last night, up on time this
morning
 Personalise
• Using the Hypothetical Past Conditional to suggest how things might be different if
the past had been different

• We make decisions in our life and that shape our life. We have to make
decisions. What if we had made different decisions?
Examples:
• If I hadn’t liked my history teachers at school I wouldn’t have studied
history.
• If I’d stayed in the UK, I would ‘ve taught history or drama at a school in
the UK.
• If I hadn’t gone to Peru in 2003, my daughter wouldn’t have been born. 06/11/2024 10
 Look at the examples and deduce the function
( CRITISM , IMAGINARY , REGRET )

Example Function

If you had been more careful, you would

CRITICISM
not have set fire in the camp.

If I had a helicopter, I wouldn’t have been

stuck in this heavy traffic jam. IMAGINARY

If we had exercised a little harder, we

REGRET
could have won the trophy.

11
 Example Explanation

If you had been more careful, you Criticism: You set fire in the camp
would not have set fire in the camp. because you weren’t more careful.

If I had a helicopter, I wouldn’t Imaginary : I didn’t have a

have been stuck in this heavy helicopter so I was stuck in a heavy
traffic jam. traffic jam.

Regret: We didn't exercise a little

If we had exercised a little harder,
harder, so we didn’t win the
we could have won the trophy.
trophy..
12
 Match the parts of sentences to make meaningful sentences:
1. Janet would have lost weight e. if she had joined a gym before.
2.If Jennifer had exercised more, f. she could have won the trophy.

3.Alice would have felt better a. if she had taken her medicine.

4.If Sarah had taken a map with her, g. she wouldn’t have got lost on the way.
5.Nancy wouldn’t have dropped out of school, c. if her parents hadn’t forced her to.

6.Leila wouldn’t have been arrested d. if she hadn’t stolen the jewels.
7.If Barbara had listened to my advice, b. she wouldn’t have faced any problems.

13
 Fill in each gap with the third conditional
would have
1.Helen …………………come had
to your last party if you ……….…invited
her.
had
2.If Thomas …………been careful, he would have
………………seen the tree he hit.
would have
3.I ………………started had
a new business if the bank ………….. granted me
the loan.
had
4.If we …………doubled would have
our efforts, we ……………….finished the work
would have
5.Sarah ………………got had
better if she …………... taken her medication
regularly.
had
6.Jose …………called you if hewouldn’t have
…………………(not) lost your phone
number.

14
 Rewrite the sentences beginning with the word given:
1. It wasn’t sunny yesterday. So, we didn’t go swimming in the beach.
it had been sunny yesterday, we would have gone swimming in the beach.
If……………………………………………………………………………………
2. I didn’t log on last night. So, I couldn’t chat with my facebook friends.
I had logged in last night, I would have chatted with my Facebook Friends.
If…………………………………………………………………………………
3. The principal punished Jimmy yesterday because he cheated in the exam.
wouldn’t have punished Jimmy he hadn’t cheated in the exam.
The principal…………………………...…….if..
………………………………………
4. the
Thedriver had stopped
policeman fined the at the red
driver traffic
because he light,
didn’tthe
stoppoliceman
at the red wouldn’t have
traffic light.
fined him.
If……………………………………………………………………………………

could
5. Laura have do
couldn’t done
thethe shopping
shopping last if her credit
weekend card her
because hadcreditcard
not expired.
expired.
Laura………………………………………….if………………

15