ADVANCED STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS & DESIGN

(ST-507)

BY
DR. IFFAT SIDDIQUE

UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY

LAHORE-PAKISTAN
COURSE OUTLINE

1. ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES 50%

2. DESIGN OF STRUCTURES 50%

ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES
• Force Methods of Structural Analysis
• Displacement Methods of Structural Analysis
• Matrix Methods of Structural Analysis
• Computer Modelling and Analysis of Various Structures
DESIGN OF STRUCTURES

a. Concrete
i. Beams and One-Way Slabs
ii. Columns
iii. Two Way Slabs
iv. Foundations
 COURSE GRADING CRITERIA

• QUIZES/ ASSIGNMENTS 10
• MIDTERM 25
• ENDTERM 40
• DESIGN PROJECTS 25
REFERENCE BOOKS
• Structural Analysis 8th Edition by R.C.Hibbeler
• Structural Engineering Handbook by Gaylords and Stallmeyer
• Design of Concrete Structures 14th Edition by Nilson, Darwin & Dolan
• Steel Structures by Salmon and Johnson
LECTURE PLAN
WEEK TOPIC
1 Introduction and General Description
2 Force Method of Analysis
3 Displacement Method of Analysis
4 Matrix Methods
5 Matrix Methods
6 Computer Modelling and Analysis of Structures
7 Computer Modelling and Analysis of Structures
8 Mid Term
9 Design – Concrete Members
10 Design – Concrete Members
11 Project – Concrete Design
12 Design – Steel Members
13 Design – Steel Members
14 Project – Steel Design
15/16 End Term
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

STRUCTURE:

• A system of connected parts used to support a loading system

• Design requires safety, esthetics and serviceability keeping in view

economic and environmental consideration

• To analyze a structure properly, idealizations must be made as how

the members are supported and connected together.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

TYPES OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS:

• TIE RODS/BRACING STRUTS

Subjected to tensile force

• BEAMS
Straight hz. members subjected to vertical loads, usually
designed to resist bending moments. Shear is important for short,
heavily loaded beams. For analysis, their classification based on
the way they are supported is important.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

TYPES OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS:

• COLUMNS
Vertical members subjected to axial compressive loads

• BEAM COLUMNS
Subjected to both axial load and bending moments
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW
TYPES OF STRUCTURES:

• TRUSSES
- Consists of slender elements arranged in a triangular fashion
- PLANAR trusses consists of elements that lie in the same
plane
- SPACE trusses consists of elements that extend in the three
dimensions
- Because of its geometric arrangement loads that cause the
entire truss to bend are converted into axial forces. Truss thus is
advantageous over beam as it uses less material to support a
given load where there is no depth restriction.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

TYPES OF STRUCTURES:

• FRAMES
- Consists of pin connected or fixed connected beams and
columns
- can be 2D or 3D

• CABLES & ARCHES

- Cables carry their load in tension while arches achieves its
strength in compression
- Cables donot become unstable or collapse suddenly as may
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

TYPES OF STRUCTURES:

• SURFACE STRUCTURES
- made from materials having a very small thickness as compared to
other two dimensions
- Thin shells and Plates are examples
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

TYPES OF
LOADS:

• DEAD LOADS:
- Loads of
permanent fixtures
and the self weight
of the structure.
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

TYPES OF
LOADS:

• DEAD LOADS:
- Loads of
permanent fixtures
and the self weight
of the structure.
- fixed in
magnitude and
location
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW
TYPES OF LOADS:
• LIVE LOADS:
- Vary in magnitude and location
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW
TYPES OF LOADS:
• Impact Load
• Earthquake Loads
• Temperature Loads
• Wind Loads
• Snow Loads

TRIBUTORY LOADS
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW
TYPES OF SUPPORTS:
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW
TYPES OF SUPPORTS:
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW
PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION:
The total displacement or internal loadings (stress) at a point in a structure subjected
to several external loadings can be determined by adding together the displacements or
internal loadings (stress) caused by each of the external loads acting separately

REQUIREMENTS

1. The material must behave in a linear-elastic manner, so that Hooke’s law is valid,and
therefore the load will be proportional to displacement.
2. The geometry of the structure must not undergo significant change when the loads are
applied, i.e., small displacement theory applies. Large displacements will significantly
change the position and orientation of the loads. An example would be a cantilevered
thin rod subjected to a force at its end.
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

Equilibrium condition for 2D analysis

• Σ Fx = 0 : Σ Fy = 0 and Σ Mz = 0

Equilibrium condition for 3D analysis

• Σ Fx = 0 : Σ Fy = 0 and Σ Fz = 0
• Σ Mx = 0 : Σ My = 0 and Σ Mz = 0
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW
DETERMINATE & INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES:
.- When all the forces in a structure can be determined strictly from the available no.
of equilibrium equations, the structure is referred to as statically determinate.

- Structures having more unknown forces than available equilibrium equations are
called statically indeterminate.
- If r = reaction forces, n = no. of members then
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

• Truss
• (Statically Determinate)

• Space Truss
(Statically Ind.)
 STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW

• Simply supported
Beam (Stat. Det.)

• Continuous beam
(Stat. Indeterminate)

• Circular Beam (Stat.

Determinate)
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS-REVIEW
DETERMINATE & INDETERMINATE STRUCTURES:
If a structure is statically indeterminate, the additional equations needed to solve for
the unknown reactions are obtained by relating the applied loads and reactions to the
displacement or slope at different points on the structure.

These equations, which are referred to as compatibility equations, must be equal in number
to the degree of indeterminacy of the structure.

• These conditions require that the displacements and rotations be continuous

throughout the structure and compatible with the nature support conditions.
• For Example, In case of fixed support, displacement and slope shall be zero.