B Complex

B complex
Contents : RDA
CAUSES
symptoms
Diagnosis
treatment
B5(pantothenic acid)
• Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for
adults above the age of 19 years is 5mg daily.
For pregnant and lactating women, the dose
increases to 6mg and 7mg daily
• pantothenic acid is found in almost all foods,
it's very unlikely for a person to be deficient in
this vitamin. Its deficiency is rarely seen,
except for people who have other nutrition
deficiencies in cases of malnutrition.
symptoms
• Headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Fatigue
• Stomach Cramps
• Irritability and restlessness
• Numbness or burning sensation in hands and feet
• Disturbed sleep
• Muscle cramps
• Depression
• Respiratory infections
causes
• 1.Low intake
• Imbalanced or heavily restricted diet
• Food preparation (due to excessive heating)
• 2. Increased requirements
• Pregnancy and lactation
• Age
• Stress
• Alcohol consumption
• 3. Reduced absorption or uptake by the body
• bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease or Celiac disease
• 4. Increased excretion
• Diabetes mellitus
• Hemodialysis
• 5. Interaction with medications
• Antacids, oral contraceptives, cytostatics
B6(pyridoxine)
• Vitamin B6 is attainable through the diet, if
you are lacking other B vitamins such as
cobalamin (B12) and folic acid (B9), you are
more likely to fall short of Vitamin B6 as well.
• RDA : adult -1.3 mg per day
• lactating and pregnant mother 2 mg/day
causes
• Some genetic disorders like homocystinuria
• malabsorption syndromes like ulcerative colitis,
celiac disease, and Crohn’s disease
• People having end-stage renal diseases (kidney
failure)
• Chronic kidney disease
• Autoimmune disorders
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Protein-energy malnutrition
symptoms
• itchy skin rashes
• Sore, red, and cracked lips
• Inflamed, red, and sore tongue (glossitis)
• Behavioural changes like mood swings,
hyperirritability, anxiety, depression
• Weakened immunity
• Anaemia
• Pins and needles
• Convulsions and seizures
B7(botin)
• Rare due to its widespread availability in food.
It may occur in people consuming raw egg
whites over a long period.
• Rda : 20 mcg in children
• 30 microgram in adult
causes
• Gut Disorders: Conditions such as inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD) or celiac disease can impair the absorption
of biotin in the digestive system, leading to deficiencies
• .Genetic Factors: Some individuals may have genetic
disorders that affect the body's ability to absorb or
utilise biotin effectively, leading to a higher risk of
deficiency.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as
anticonvulsants or long-term antibiotic use, can
interfere with biotin absorption.
symptoms
• Hair and Skin Issues: Biotin deficiency is often
associated with hair loss, brittle nails, and skin problems.
• Neurological Symptoms: Deficiency may lead to
neurological symptoms, including numbness, tingling,
and muscle cramps.
• Fatigue: Biotin is essential for energy metabolism, and a
lack of it can result in fatigue and weakness.
• Cognitive Impairment: Some individuals may experience
cognitive issues, such as mental confusion or mild
depression
B9(folic acid)
• Common in pregnant women, alcoholics, and
individuals with poor dietary intake.
• RDA: Men and women ages 19 years and
older- 400 mcg DFE.
• Pregnant and lactating women require
600 mcg DFE and 500 mcg DFE, respectively.
• Its deficiency leads to macrocytic ananemia
causes
• Excessive alcohol use.
• Older age (over 60).
• Poverty
• Pregnency and brestfeeding
• kidney failure
• .Digestive diseases, including Crohn’s disease and celiac
diseases
• Drugs such as some antiseizure, antirheumatic, antibiotic
and immunosuppressant medications.
• Hereditary folate malabsorption, an inherited disorder that
affects your body’s ability to absorb folat
symptoms
• Tiredness .
• Weakness in muscle strength during your daily
activities.
• Lightheadedness or feeling like you might
faint.
• Pale skin (pallor).
• heart palpitations
• Shortness of breath

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