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Architecture Powerpoint

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MABINI, JOHN MICHAEL M
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764 views37 pages

Architecture Powerpoint

Uploaded by

MABINI, JOHN MICHAEL M
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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OBJECTIVES

• Understand basic significations of architecture


• Familiarize the various types of architectural
construction based on the materials used
• Understand the types of architecture
according to function
• Appreciate the historical cultural and social
context of architecture
ETYMOLOGY:
Latin: Architectura
Greek: Arkhitekton
Meaning: builder,
carpenter

Architecture is considered as the Mother of


all arts.
The noblest of them all.
It is the only art-form through which you can
physically walk

and also peep into the history, civilizati on, culture


et al.
ARCHITECTURE

• ART AND SCIENCE OF DESIGNING AND


CONSTRUCTING BUILDINGS BRIDGES AND
STRUCTURES TO HELP US MEET OUR
,
PERSONAL AND COMMUNAL NEEDS
• AS AN ART ARCHITECTURE AIMS TO SATISFY THE
AESTHETIC REQUIREMENTS OF THE BUILDING WITHOUT
DISREGARDING THE NEED FOR A SOUND STRUCTURE
WITH COMPLETE UTILITIES. DESIGNING A BUILDING IS AN
ART THAT IS CONTROLLED BY THE EXACT PRINCIPLES OF
SCIENCE
Humans design and construct BUILDINGS
Shelter is the most basic reason for
BUILDINGS
Buildings shelter us at home, at work and at play.
Buildings also provide us security – some of the world’s most
amazing structures were built to defend against enemies

Some of the most impressive buildings provide places for worship –


temples, churches, mosques

Some buildings are just for showing off – palaces and castles – people with
money have always demanded that architecture display their wealth.

Today, large corporations, governments, and universities demonstrate their importance


by putting IMPRESSIVE BUILDINGS.

What makes an outstanding building? The world’s greatest buildings are the ones that
distinguished themselves as distinct from all that came before and influential on all that
followed.
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE IS A CONTINUALLY AN……………………. ART

ARCHITECTURE IS THE GREATEST VISIBLE MEANS BY WHICH WE


CELEBRATE ONE’S ______AND _______
ARCHITECT
ARCHITECTS MUST WORK WITHIN THE LIMITS OF THEIR MATERIALS AND THE
TECHNOLOGY OF THE DAY

ARCHITECTS MUST WORK WITH OTHER PROFESSIONALS AND WITH CONTRACTORS WHO
DESIGN AND INSTALL ELEMENTS OF THE SERVICE SYSTEMS OF THEIR BUILDINGS.

THUS AN ARCHITECT IS NOT ONLY AN ARTIST BUT A ____________ OR ____________


BETWEEN THE NEEDS OF THE CLIENTS AND THE PROPERTIES AND AESTHETIC
POSSIBILITIES OF THE SITE
Architecture is the art/science of
___________ and _________ buildings or
structures with durable materials following
certain standards, so as to make them suited
to their purpose and at the same ti me, are
also visually and aestheti cally __________,
_________, and ____________.
TYPES OF ARCHITECTURAL
CONSTRUCTIONS
1. POST AND LINTEL – CONSISTS OF TWO VERTICAL POSTS FOR SUPPORT (POST)
AND A HORIZONTAL LINE (LINTEL)
EXAMPLES: PREHISTORIC STONEHENGE AND PARTHENON
TYPES OF ARCHITECTURAL
CONSTRUCTIONS
2. THE ARCH – THIS ARCHITETURAL CONSTRUCTION IS DOMINANT IN ROMAN
ARCHITECTURE
DOMES AND VAULTS ARE EXTENSIONS OF THE PRINCIPLES OF THE ARCH
EXAMPLES: AN ARCH OF TRIUMPH AND THE COLOSSEUM
TYPES OF ARCHITECTURAL
CONSTRUCTIONS
3. THE CANTILEVER – ANY STRUCTURAL PART PROJECTING HORIZONTALLY AND ANCHORED
AT ONE END ONLY. IT NEEDS A BEAM WITH A GREAT TENSILE STRENGHT. IT IS USED
GREATLY IN BUILDINGS WITH STEEL AS MEDIUM. IT IS THE USUAL METHOD EMPLOYED IN
CONSTRUCTING SKYCRAPERS
ARCHITECTURE ACCORDING TO FUNCTION

LANDSCAPE
PLAYS A VITAL ROLE IN SHAPING OUTDOOR
ENVIRONMENTS; CREATING PLACES THAT ARE FUNCTIONAL
BEAUTIFUL AND SUSTAINABLE FOR CURRENT AND FUTURE
GENERATIONS TO ENJOY
ARCHITECTURE ACCORDING TO FUNCTION

URBAN/CITY PLANNING
PLAYS A VITAL ROLE IN CREATING SUSTAINABLE RESILIENT
AND LIVABLE CITIES THAT MEET THE NEEDS OF PRESENT AND
FUTURE GENERATIONS WHILE PRESERVING AND ENHANCING THE
QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ALL RESIDENTS
ARCHITECTURE ACCORDING TO FUNCTION

INTERIOR DESIGN
IT IS ALL ABOUT CREATING FUNCTIONAL AND
AESTHETICALLY PLEASING SPACES WITHIN BUILDINGS. IT
INVOLVES SELECTING COLORS FURNITURES DECORATIONS AND
LAYOUT TO ENHANCE THE LOOK AND FEEL OF A ROOM OR SPACE.
ARCHITECTURE ACCORDING TO FUNCTION

FINE ARTS
ENCOMPASS A WIDE RANGE OF ARTISTIC DISCIPLINES
INCLUDING PAINTING AND SCULPTURE. IT PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE
IN ENHANCING THE AESTHETIC APPEAL AND CULTURAL
SIGNIFICANCE OF BUILDINGS.
5 WELL-PLANNED CITIES FROM THE 20TH
CENTURY

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A
%2F%2Fwww.arch2o.com%2Fwell-planned-
cities-20th-century
%2F&psig=AOvVaw3u2Feu4RgxVHAJZu0zLPyF&u
st=1714514276329000&source=images&cd=vfe
&opi=89978449&ved=0CBQQjhxqFwoTCODSuM
-16IUDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE
PRIMITIVE ARCHITECTURE
• During the New Stone or Neolithic period, when man
learned to domesticate animals and cultivate crops for food,
they began to build homes to protect family from weather
and other hostile elements.
MESOPOTAMIAN ARCHITECTURE
It is evident in its palaces and temples. The distinguishing characteristics is the Ziggurat
or tower built as successive levels.
EGYPTIAN ARCHITECTURE (300-1000 B.C.)

The Egyptians believed in the afterlife thus, they mastered mummification for
the preservation of the human body. The Egyptian king or Pharaohs built
pyramids as their eternal tombs.
Egyptian architecture maintained its traditional form. It is impressive by its
solemnity suggesting that the buildings were intended to last eternally.
ROMAN ARCHITECTURE (100 B.C.-A.D. 500
The Romans were the first one to use bricks and cement and were able to develop a
variety of architecture that can be seen in their public buildings: The Colosseum,
basilicas (Pantheon), arches (The Arc of Titus), aqueducts (Nimes), and amphitheaters.
It emphasizes space rather than solids.
GREEK ARCHITECTURE (600 – 100 B.C..)
Its most characteristic form is found in the temple a low
building post-and-lintel construction. There are styles or
orders in Greek Architecture
THREE TYPES OF GREEK COLUMNS
•DORIC
no base, simple capital and groove
shaft .

•IONIC
with base scrolled capital and
groove shaft .

•CORINTHIAN
with base, acanthus-leafed capital
and fl uted shaft .
BYZANTINE ARCHITECTURE A.D. 300 - 1000
Characterized by central dome which had always been a
traditional feature in the east. The forms of the vaults and
domes were visible externally. Byzantine style closely
corresponds with the interior.
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE (1200 – 1400)
Gothic style of architecture was develop in Western Europe between
12th 16th centuries. It used the ribbed vault, flying buttresses, pointed
arches, steep roofs, etc. There is an emphasis on th vertical, with
galleries and arcades replacing internal walls and extensive use of
glass.
Developed in France, Gothic architecture is particularly adapted in
religious buildings, and at times it is also referred to as Christian
Church architecture.
ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE (1000-1200)
It was the architectural style of Western Christianity in which
derived its form initially from the Roman Basilica. This style adapted
to the needs of Feudal Europe (11th and 12th centuries) when every
public structure had to be strong enough to withstand attacks.
RENAISSANCE ARCHITECTURE (1400 – 1600)

Rectangular plan with combined post-and-lintel f


Greek and Roman ornamentation – revival and
fusion of the ancient styles
BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE (1600 -1700)

Baroque architecture flourished in the 17th century and in the


first half of the 18th century. Characterized primarily as a period
of sculptural ornamentation. Columns and entablatures were
decorated with garlands of flowers.
ROCOCO ARCHITECTURE
Rococo also referred to as "Late Baroque" is an 18th century style
which developed as Baroque artists gave up their symmetry and
became increasingly ornate, florid, and playful. Rococo rooms were
designed as total works of art with elegant and ornate furniture, small
sculptures, ornamental mirrors, and tapestry complementing
architecture, reliefs, and wall paintings.
MODERN ARCHITECTURE
International Style – The World of Machines- an attempt to interpret
man’s purpose through his building in a style free in relation to
change and independent of fix symmetries.

GLASS ARCHITECTURE SKYSCRAPERS


GREEN ARCHITECTURE
It refers to a structure and using process that is
environmentally responsible and resource-effi cient throughout a
building's life-cycle: from sitti ng to design, constructi on, operati on,
maintenance, renovati on, and demoliti on. This practi ce expands and
complements the classical building design concerns of economy, uti lity,
durability, and comfort.
Although new technologies are constantly being developed to
complement current practi ces in creati ng greener structures, the
common objecti ve is that green buildings are designed to reduce the
overall impact of the built environment on human health and the
natural environment by:

•Effi ciently using energy, water, and other resources

•Protecti ng occupant health and improving employee producti vity

Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation


THE WORLD’S FIRST GREEN BUILDING MADE OF BOTTLES
IN TAIWAN This amazing building dubbed the
EcoARK, was constructed using a
whopping 1.5 million PET bottles to
raise awareness about the importance
of recycling. The world’s lightest,
movable, breathable environmental
miracle yet it insists it is strong enough
to handle typhoon and earthquake and
even fire. Its worth 3 million US dollars,
it is constructed based on the three
goals: REDUCE, REUSE and RECYCLE.
“whatever good things we build end up
building us” Jim Robin
THANK YOU

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