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Lecture 9 1

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31 views19 pages

Lecture 9 1

Uploaded by

Abdullah Nadeem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digital Image Processing

Dr. M. Ilyas Fakhir

Lecture-9
2
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36
Example DFT
3
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36
Centering DFT
4
of
36
Example DFT
5
of
36 Steps in Frequency Domain Filtering
 Input: f(x, y) of size M x N
 Compute padding fp(x, y) of size P x Q,
where P = 2M, Q = 2N
 Multiply fp(x, y)(-1)x+y to center its DFT
 Compute DFT of fp(x, y)(-1)x+y F(u, v)
 Use filter H(u, v) of size P x Q, with
center at coordinates (P/2,Q/2)
 Multiply element-wise G(u, v) = H(u, v)F(u,
v)
 Compute the real part of IDFT,
gp(x, y) = real[IDFT(G(u, v))] (-1)x+y
6
of
36
Laplacian in Frequency Domain
 Laplacian can be implemented in the frequency
domain using the filter transfer function:

 Or, w.r.t the center of the frequency rectangle,


using transfer function

 The Laplacian of an image f(x, y) is obtained in


familiar manner: (F(u, v) is DFT of image)
7
of
36
Laplacian in Frequency Domain

 An image can be enhanced by subtracting the


Laplacian from the original image.
8
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36
Laplacian In Frequency Domain

2-D image of Laplacian


frequency domain

in the frequency
Laplacian in the

domain
Zoomed
Laplacian in the spatial

section of
domain obtained from

the image
Inverse DFT

Grey-level
profile
through
center of
Laplacian zoomed
mask image
9
of
36
Laplacian In Frequency Domain

(a) Original, blurry image. (b) Image enhanced using


the Laplacian in the frequency domain.
10
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36
Sharping in Frequency Domain Filters
 Unsharp Filtering

 High-Boost Filtering
11
of
36
Sharping in Frequency Domain Filters
 Unsharp Filtering - Frequency Domain Filter

 High-Boost Filtering - Frequency Domain Filter


12
of
36
Sharping in Frequency Domain Filters

(a) Input image.


(b) Laplacian of (a).
(c) Image obtained
using high-boost
filtering with A = 2.
(d) Image obtained
using high-boost
filtering with
A = 2.7.
13
of
36
Homomorphic Filtering
 The illumination-reflectance model can be used to
develop a frequency domain procedure for improving
the appearance of an image by simultaneous intensity
range compression and contrast enhancement.
14
of
36
Homomorphic Filtering

where Fi(u, v) and Fr(u, v) are the Fourier transforms of


lni(x, y) and lnr(x, y) respectively.
15
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36
Homomorphic Filtering
 We can filter Z(u, v) using filter transfer function H(u, v) so
that:

 The filter image in spatial domain is then


16
of
36
Homomorphic Filtering
 Finally, because Z(x, y) was formed by taking the natural
log of the input image, we reverse the process by taking the
exponential of the filtered result to form the output image:
17
of
36
Homomorphic Filtering
 Summery of the steps in Homomorphic Filtering

 For example, using a slightly modified form of the GHPF


function yields the homomorphic function
18
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36
Homomorphic Filtering
(a) Full body
PET scan.
(b) Image
enhanced using
Homomorphic
filtering
19
of
36
Homomorphic Filtering
(a) Original image.
(b) Image processed by Homomorphic filtering

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