MC ch08
MC ch08
Preview
• Lesson Starter
• Objectives
• Indications of a Chemical Reaction
• Characteristics of Chemical Equations
• Significance of a Chemical Equation
• Balancing Chemical Equations
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Lesson Starter
• The photograph in the textbook provides evidence
that an exothermic chemical reaction is occurring.
Objectives
• List three observations that suggest that a chemical
reaction has taken place.
Chemical Equation
Visual Concept
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Visual Concept
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Visual Concept
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Methane Combustion
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Visual Concept
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Visual Concept
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Visual Concept
Section 1 Describing Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Preview
• Lesson Starter
• Objectives
• Synthesis Reactions
• Decomposition Reactions
• Single-Displacement Reactions
• Double-Displacement Reactions
• Combustion Reactions
Section 2 Types of Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Lesson Starter
Objectives
Objectives, continued
Synthesis Reactions
Synthesis Reactions
Visual Concept
Section 2 Types of Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Decomposition Reactions
• example:
Section 2 Types of Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Electrolysis
Visual Concept
Section 2 Types of Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Ca(OH)2 (s ) CaO(s ) + H2 O(g )
Single-Displacement Reactions
• In a single-displacement reaction, also known as a
replacement reaction, one element replaces a similar
element in a compound.
• Many single-displacement reactions take place in
aqueous solution.
• Single-displacement reactions can be represented by
the following general equations.
A + BX AX + B or Y + BX BY + X
• A, B, X, and Y are elements. AX, BX, and BY are
compounds.
Section 2 Types of Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Single-Displacement Reactions
Displacement of a Metal in a Compound by Another
Metal
Double-Displacement Reactions
• In double-displacement reactions, the ions of two
compounds exchange places in an aqueous solution to
form two new compounds.
• One of the compounds formed is usually a precipitate,
an insoluble gas that bubbles out of the solution, or a
molecular compound, usually water.
• The other compound is often soluble and remains
dissolved in solution.
Section 2 Types of Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
AX + BY AY + BX
• example:
2KI(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq)
• The precipitate forms as a result of the very strong attractive
forces between the Pb2+ cations and the I− anions.
Section 2 Types of Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Formation of Water
Combustion Reactions
• In a combustion reaction, a substance combines with
oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form
of light and heat.
Combustion Reaction
Visual Concept
Section 2 Types of Chemical
Chapter 8 Reactions
Identifying
Reactions and
Predicting Products
Section 3 Activity Series of the
Chapter 8 Elements
Preview
• Lesson Starter
• Objectives
• Activity Series of the Elements
Section 3 Activity Series of the
Chapter 8 Elements
Lesson Starter
• Demonstration—Activity Series of Metals
• Complete the following table for each of the
cations Al3+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Cu2+, and H+ based on
their reactions with the metal strips.
Metal 3 min 30 min 1 day
Al
Zn
Fe
Cu
Section 3 Activity Series of the
Chapter 8 Elements
Objectives
Activity Series
Visual Concept
End of Chapter 8 Show