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WD Unit 1 First Half

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38 views21 pages

WD Unit 1 First Half

Uploaded by

Manibharathi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CBM 370 WEARABLE DEVICES

UNIT 1
INTRODUCTION TO WEARABLE
SYSTEMS AND SENSORS
Introduction
• Electronic device designed to be worn
on the user's body
• jewelry, accessories, medical devices, and
clothing or elements of clothing
• Processing or communications capabilities
• artificial intelligence (AI) hearing aids, Google
Glass and Microsoft's HoloLens, and a
holographic computer in the form of a virtual
reality (VR) headset
Need for Wearable Systems
• Fundamentally, wearables can perform the
following basic functions or unit operations

• Sense
• Process (Analyze)
• Store
• Transmit
• Apply (Utilize)
Continued…
Drawbacks
of Conventional Systems for
Wearable Monitoring
Advantages of Wearable Technology

Rapid data results can help drive improvements. Having


immediate data to make decisions and drive improvements may
be helpful, rather than waiting for more formal or detailed
assessments.

Detailed data can supplement loss analysis and loss


trends. Additional data can help identify specific trends in your
claims history.

Can help build a business case for senior management. It can


be challenging to help senior management make decisions or
determine if some of your funding should be spent on
improvements. The data from wearable technology devices can
help support your business case for that spend.
Continued…
Data from wearable sensors offers promising job risk analysis
and evaluation opportunities for safety and ergonomics
practitioners. Most ergonomic assessments or evaluations
require additional time to observe and manually collect data.
Having instant data can save time and expedite ergonomic
assessments or evaluations.

Enhance employee wellness programs. More organizations are


starting to promote wellness programs for employees. Some
wearable technology devices can assist with easily tracking
wellness program data that could supplement or support your
efforts.
Applications of Wearable Systems
Continued…
Currently other applications within healthcare are being explored,
such
as:

 Applications for monitoring of glucose, alcohol, and lactateor blood


oxygen, breath monitoring, heartbeat, heart rate and
its variability, electromyography (EMG), electrocardiogram (ECG)
and electroencephalogram (EEG), body temperature, pressure (e.g.
in shoes), sweat rate or sweat loss, levels of uric acid and ions – e.g.
for preventing fatigue or injuries or for optimizing training patterns,
including via "human-integrated electronics“
 Forecasting changes in mood, stress, and health
 Measuring blood alcohol content
 Measuring athletic performance
 Monitoring how sick the user is
 Detecting early signs of infection
Continued…
 Long-term monitoring of patients with heart and circulatory
problems that records an electrocardiogram and is self-moistening
 Health Risk Assessment applications, including measures
of frailty and risks of age-dependent diseases
 Automatic documentation of care activities
 Days-long continuous imaging of diverse organs via a
wearable bioadhesive stretchable high-resolution ultrasound
imaging patch or e.g. a wearable continuous heart ultrasound
imager (potential novel diagnostic and monitoring tools)
 Sleep tracking
 Cortisol monitoring for measuring stress
 Measuring relaxation or alertness e.g. to adjust their modulation or
to measure efficacy of modulation technique
Types of Wearable Systems
• Smart watches
• Fitness Trackers
• Smart Jewelry
• Game Simulators
• Smart Clothing
• Smart Glasses
• Heartbeat Trackers & Blood Pressure Monitors
• Smart Ear buds
• Smart Contact Lens
Continued…
Components of wearable Systems
1. Control

Wearable-specific microcontrollers (32-bit ARM


processors) are small, so as to be
comfortable and discrete. On the other hand,
the distinctive shapes and colors can function
as a decorative element. Several of the
boards available are hand-washable
Continued…
2. Input/Output
In place of pins, these boards have metal eyelets
which you can loop conductive thread through
to sew soft circuit connections.
Some boards also have snaps — or eyelets large
enough to solder on snaps — for easy
removal.
Continued…
3. Conductive Textiles
A material containing metals, such as silver or stainless
steel, through which an electrical current can flow is
said to be conductive.
Wearable systems can make use of these materials in a
variety of ways, such as:

Thread for making circuits

Fabric for capacitive touch sensors

Hook-and-loop for switches


Continued…
4. Sensors
Sensors gather information about the environment, the
user, or both.
Examples of the former include light, temperature,
motion (ACC), and location (GPS).
Examples of the latter include heart rate (ECG), brain
waves (EEG), and muscle tension (EMG).
A few wearable microcontrollers have basic sensors
onboard.
Other manufacturers offer a range of external sensor
modules that connect to the main board.
Continued…
5. Power

Boards with an integrated holder for a lithium


coin battery are nice for low-power projects
that need to be self- contained.
However, boards with a standard JST (Japan
Solderless Terminal) connector (with or
without a circuit to charge LiPo (Lithium
Polymer batteries) are more versatile
Continued…
6. Actuators
One generic way to describe a wearable system
is: In response to X, where
X is the input from a sensor, Y happens.
Actuators such as LEDs, buzzers
or speakers, and servomotors are what make
things happen
Continued…
7. Networking
To communicate with smart devices, the internet,
or other wearable systems, you need wireless
connectivity.
In addition to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, wearable-
friendly options include: BLE (Bluetooth Low
Energy), which has lower power consumption
than classic Bluetooth, a range of 50m, and a
data transmission rate up to 1 Mbps, a radio
frequency field with a range of approximately
20cm and data transmission rate up to about 400
Kbps
THANK YOU!

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