Climate Change

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ARTIFICIAL intelligence has the potential to revolutionise our response

to the concerns of climate change and climatic disasters. The


convergence of AI and climate action holds promise not only for
enhancing our ability to adapt to a changing environment but also for
developing sustainable solutions that may help mitigate the factors
behind climate change.
Climate change is driven by anthropogenic activities, causing
greenhouse gas emissions and global warming, and posing severe risks
such as rising sea levels, ecosystem disruption, the endangering of
species, and altered ocean currents. Frequent climatic events such as
hurricanes, droughts, floods and wildfires cause biodiversity loss and
pose health risks. From precision agriculture and renewable energy
optimisation to disaster prediction and response, AI is driving innovation
that can reshape our approach to climate-related issues.
Current examples
• In 2023, a surge in climate change-induced disasters occurred
worldwide. Hurricane Idalia, originating in the Caribbean in 2023,
attained Category 3 status and left widespread destruction in Perry,
Florida in its wake.
• Closer to home, in June this year, Cyclone Biparjoy threatened
Pakistan’s coastline and severely impacted Gujarat in India,
necessitating evacuations and causing casualties. Severe floods struck
Greece, Türkiye, and Bulgaria in September 2023 with heavy rains
causing flooding and landslides. Rwanda also experienced floods and
landslides in May 2023.
According to NOAA
According to the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, over the
past two decades, rising temperatures, prolonged droughts and arid conditions have
elevated wildfire risks.

• A lot has been written about the causes of climate change and how those who
pollute the least are affected the most, environmental injustice and ways to deal
with unabated fossil fuel extraction, greenhouse effects, global warming, melting
glaciers and rising waters.
• For almost three decades, the United Nations has been bringing together member
states for global climate change summits. During this period, climate change has
taken centre stage, globally. In 2015, the historic Paris Agreement was adopted by
196 world leaders with the aim of containing the increase in the average global
temperature to below two degrees Celsius, above pre-industrial levels, and to pursue
efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels,
recognising that this would significantly reduce the risks and impacts of climate
change
Effect on human health
• climate change affects human health in many direct and indirect
ways. Primarily, climate change and its various manifestations occur
due to the rise in global temperatures. As a result, the frequency and
intensity of heatwaves are increasing.
• Prolonged exposure to high day and nighttime temperatures produce
cumulative physiological stress on the human body which exacerbates
the top causes of distress and death globally, including respiratory and
cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and renal disease. And
every physical stress also results in mental distress and emotional
disorder.
Addressing these problems in emergency settings on a large scale and over a
period of time puts huge stress on healthcare systems which themselves are
badly affected. Pakistan is passing through such a situation, which the WHO
has characterised as “public health crises”. Climate change effects such as
rising sea levels, collapsing ice shelves, and greater volcanic activity are linked
to the increased threat of tsunamis. The 2004 tsunami alone caused 227,000
deaths and unfathomable misery

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