Cs3491 - Aiml - Unit III - Introduction To Machine Learning1

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Department of Computer Science &

Engineering

Regulation 21

Semester: III

Course Code: CS3491

Course Name: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

K.Sumithra Devi
Assistant Professor
CSE
UNIT III SUPERVISED LEARNING – INTRODUCTION TO MACHINE LEARNING

CO 3 Build supervised learning models

K3

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UNIT-III

UNIT III SUPERVISED LEARNING

Introduction to machine learning – Linear Regression


Models: Least squares, single & multiple variables, Bayesian
linear regression, gradient descent, Linear Classification
Models: Discriminant function – Probabilistic discriminative
model - Logistic regression, Probabilistic generative model –
Naive Bayes, Maximum margin classifier – Support vector
machine, Decision Tree, Random forests.

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What is Machine Learning

• Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence that


involves algorithms and data that automatically analyse and make
decision by itself without human intervention.
• It describes how computer perform tasks on their own by previous
experiences.
• Therefore we can say in machine language artificial intelligence is
generated on the basis of experience.

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Normal Computer vs ML

• The difference between normal computer software and machine


learning is that a human developer hasn’t given codes that instructs
the system how to react to situation, instead it is being trained by a
large number of data.

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Types of Machine Learning

There are three types of machine learning


• Supervised learning – Label + Data
• Unsupervised learning -- Data
• Reinforcement learning

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Supervised Machine Learning
Supervised learning is when we teach or train the machine using data
that is well-labelled. Which means some data is already tagged with
the correct answer.
After that, the machine is provided with a new set of examples(data)
so that the supervised learning algorithm analyses the training data(set
of training examples) and produces a correct outcome from labeled
data.

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Unsupervised Machine Learning
• Here the task of the machine is to group unsorted information
according to similarities, patterns, and differences without any prior
training of data.
• Grouping - Clustering

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Semi supervised Learning
Semi-supervised learning is a type of machine learning that falls in between
supervised and unsupervised learning.
It is a method that uses a small amount of labeled data and a large amount of
unlabeled data to train a model.
Example:
1.Text Classification
2.Image Classification

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Classification

Classification is a supervised machine learning


method where the model tries to predict the correct
label of a given input data.
In classification, the model is fully trained using the
training data, and then it is evaluated on test data
before being used to perform prediction on new
unseen data.

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Classification

• Training data-(Image of object + Labelled data)


Machine Model(Identifies the Features)

• Test data (Image)

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Classification

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Regression

Ex:Age and Height,

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Regression

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Some of the machine learning algorithms are:

• Neural Networks
• Random Forests
• Decision trees
• Genetic algorithm
• Radial basis function
• Sigmoid

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Machine Learning Uses:

• Traffic prediction
• Virtual Personal Assistant
• Speech recognition
• Email spam and malware filtering
• Bioinformatics
• Natural language processing

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Real Time Examples for ML

• TRAFFIC PREDICTION
• VIRTUAL PERSONAL ASSISTANT
• ONLINE TRANSPORTATION
• SOCIAL MEDIA SERVICES
• EMAIL SPAM FILTERING
• PRODUCT RECOMMENDATION
• ONLINE FRAUD DETECTION

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Best Programming Languages for ML

Some of the best and most commonly used machine learning


programs are

• Python,
• java,
• C,
• C++,
• Shell,
• R,
• JavaScript,
• Scala,
• Shell,
• Julia

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Advantages of Machine Learning

• Fast, Accurate, Efficient.


• Automation of most applications.
• Wide range of real life applications.
• Enhanced cyber security and spam detection.
• No human Intervention is needed.
• Handling multi dimensional data.

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Disadvantages of Machine Learning

• It is very difficult to identify and rectify the errors.


• Data Acquisition.
• Interpretation of results Requires more time and space.

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