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1 Image Stitching

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20 views10 pages

1 Image Stitching

Uploaded by

Shruthika S 21BLC1498
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Image Stitching

What Is Image Stitching?

• Image stitching is the process of combining multiple images to create


a single larger image, often referred to as a panorama.
• The images depict the same three-dimensional scene, and they must
overlap in some regions.
• Image stitching aims to create a seamless transition between adjacent
images while preserving the geometry and visual quality.
Image Stitching
Image Stitching Pipeline

Image stitching is a multi-step technique that involves the following image-


processing operations:
1.Feature detection
2.Feature matching
3.Transformation estimation
4.Image warping
5.Blending
Feature Detection

• Feature detection is the task of identifying distinctive and salient points in an


image. These points, generally called keypoints, serve as landmarks for aligning
the acquired images.
• Keypoints should be distinctive and remain relatively invariant under changes in
scale, rotation, lighting conditions, and viewpoint. The most frequently used
algorithms for feature detection are SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform).
Feature Matching

• The goal is to identify points in one image that correspond to the same real-world
location in another image.
• For each detected feature, a descriptor is computed. The descriptor is a compact
numerical representation of the local image information around the feature point.
It captures the key characteristics of the feature and is used for matching.
• The algorithms commonly used for this task are the Brute Force Matching and the
FLANN (Fast Library for Approximate Nearest Neighbors).
Transformation Estimation

Once the pairs of matching features are identified, the transformations that align
each image with a reference image are estimated. Such transformation is called
homography.
The algorithm Random Sample Consensus (RANSAC) allows us to robustly
estimate the best homography for the retrieved matches while disregarding outliers.
Image Warping

• The process of image warping involves applying a transformation to


each pixel’s coordinates in the original image and determining its
location in the transformed image.
• Common interpolation methods include nearest-neighbor, bilinear, and
bicubic interpolation.
Blending

• Uneven lighting conditions and exposure differences between the acquired images
lead to visible seams in the final panorama. Image blending techniques allow us to
mitigate the seam problem.
• If we consider for simplicity two images the image blending can be expressed as:
Applications of Image Stitching

• In photography, image stitching allows the creation of expansive and


high-resolution panoramas, enhancing the field of view and providing
immersive experiences for viewers.
• Medical imaging utilizes image stitching for combining scans from
different modalities or capturing large anatomical structures, aiding in
accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

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