Count Number of Triangles

Least Common Multiple

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Least Common Multiple (LCM)?
Common Multiple of Given numbers:

Let say, what is LCM of 12, 16 and 24?

Multiple of
12- 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144, 156, 168, 180, 192,
…
16- 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160, 176, 192, 208, 224, 240, ….
24- 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 216, 240, 264, 288, 312, 336, ….

Common Multiples = 48, 96, 144, 192,…

Least Common Multiple = 48. (Least number exactly divisible by 12, 16 & 24)
Examples of LCM
Question: Find largest 3- digits number exactly divisible by 12, 16
and 24?
Solution: Here the LCM(divisible by/divided by/on division by) of
three numbers is 48.
Largest 3 digit multiple of 48 is 960 (48 × 20 = 960).

Question: What is the number nearer to 5000, exactly divisible by 12,

16 and 24?
Solution: Same as above question the LCM of the given numbers is
48.
5000 = 48 × 104 + 8 >> 4992 = 48 × 104.
Next Number to 5000 is 4992 + 48 = 5040.
 Type-1-(Exactly) r = 0
Sol. = LCM or
Sol. = Multiple of LCM

For all divisors if the

Type-2 – r ≠ 0
remainder is same
Sol. = LCM + r or
LCM

Sol. = Multiple of LCM + r

Type-3 - Common Difference

Sol. = LCM - Diff or
For all the divisors if the
remainders are different Sol. = Multiple of LCM - Diff

Common Difference = (Divisor) – (its remainder) Type-4 - No Common

Difference
Common Difference = (n1 – r1), (n2 - r2),
(n3 – r3),….. Try and Error
Examples of LCM
Question 1 : Find the least number which when divided by 6,7,8,9
and 12 leaves same remainder 1 in each case. (Type – 2)
(Answer – 505)
Question 2 : Six bells commence tolling together and toll at intervals
of 2, 4, 6, 8 10 and 12 seconds respectively. In 30 minutes, how
many times do they toll together ?(Type -1)
(Answer – 16 times)
Question 3 : Find the least number which when divided by 20, 25, 35
and 40 leaves remainders 14, 19, 29 and 34 respectively. (Type -3)
(Answer – 1394)
Question 4: Find largest two digit number that leaves 1 & 8
remainder on division by 13 & 12 respectively. (Type -4)
(Answer – 92)
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Light Example
•One and only one of the switches
(A, B & C) on the outside of the
room turns on all of the lights (x, y
& z) in the room
•From outside, you cannot see
into the room
•The wiring is hidden from view
•You are not allowed to damage
x y z
any of the property
C •Is there a way of knowing for
B sure which switch turns the
A lights on?
•Once you enter the room, you
cannot leave again to rearrange
the switches and you have total 3
attempts for turn on/off switches.
Highest Common Factors (HCF)?
Common Factors of Given numbers:

Let say, what is HCF of 12, 16 and 24?

Factors of
12- 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12
16- 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16
24- 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24
Common Factors = 1, 2 and 4
HCF = 4. (Largest number that exactly divides 12, 16 & 24)
Highest Common Factor
Type-1 (Exactly) r=0
Sol. = HCF of Numbers

For all dividends

if the remainder
HCF

is same

For all the

dividends if the
remainders are
different
Examples of HCF
Question 1 : Find the largest number which divided 440,624,and
716 to leave the same remainder 3 in each case. (Type – 2)
(Answer – 23)
Question 2 : Two wires are 24 m and 30 m long. The wires are to
be cut into pieces of equal length. Find the maximum length of
each piece. (Type -1)
(Answer – 6 m)
Question 3 : Find the largest number that divides 20, 50 and 86
to leave the same remainder in each case. (Type -3)
(Answer – 6)
Question 4: Find largest that divides 1212, 1590 and 1970 to
leave 12, 6 and 2 remainders respectively. (Type -4)
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HCF and LCM of two numbers
Let us understand by taking one example:
Say one numbers is 63 and the other is 54.
x = 9 × 7 = HCF × a
y = 9 × 6 = HCF × b; where a & b are co-prime numbers, like 6
& 7 has HCF as 1. Hence 6 & 7 are co-prime Numbers.
LCM of (63, 54) = 9 × 6 × 7 = 378.
63 × 54 = 378 × 9 = 3402
Therefore, x × y = LCM × HCF
Where , x = HCF × a, y = HCF × b
LCM = HCF × a × b

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Examples of HCF and LCM of 2 numbers
Question 1 : The HCF and LCM of two numbers are 7 and 140. If
one of the number is 28, then find the other.
(Answer – 35)
Question 2 : Two numbers are in the ratio of 4:7 and their HCF
is 27, then find the sum of the two numbers.
(Answer – 297)
Question 3 : Two numbers are in the ratio of 7:11. If their LCM
is 924 then find the least number.
(Answer – 84)
Question 4: If HCF of two numbers is 9 and their LCM is 108,
then find the number of such possible pairs of numbers.
(Answer – 2 pairs)
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 Question 1

Find the H.C.F. of

Ans : 980
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 Question 2

Find the H.C.F. of 108 , 288 and 360

Ans : 36
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 Question 3

Find the H.C.F. of 513, 1134 and 1215.

Ans : 27
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 Question 4

Reduce 391/667 to lowest terms.

Ans : 17/29
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 Question 5

Find the L.C.M. of

Ans :
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 Question 6

Find the H.C.F. and L.C.M. of

Ans :

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 Question 7

Find the H.C.F. and L.C.M. of 0.63 , 1.05 and 2.1

Ans : HCF=0.21, LCM=6.30

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 Question 8

Two numbers are in the ratio of 15:11. If their

H.C.F. is 13, find the numbers.

Ans : 195 and 143

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 Question 9

The HCF of two numbers is 11 and their LCM is

693. If one of the numbers is 77, find the other.

Ans : 99

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 Question 10

Find the greatest possible length which can be

used to measure exactly the lengths 4 m 95 cm,
9 m and 16 m 65 cm.

Ans : 45
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 Question 11

Find the greatest number which on dividing

1657 and 2037 leaves remainders 6 and 5
respectively.

Ans : 127
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 Question 12

Find the largest number which divides 62, 132

and 237 to leave the same remainder in each
case.

Ans : 35
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 Question 13

Find the least number which when divided by

6,7,8,9 and 12 leaves same remainder 1 in each
case.

Ans : 505
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 Question 14

Find the largest number of four digits exactly

divisible by 12,15,18 and 27.

Ans : 9720
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 Question 15

Find the least number which when divided by

20, 25, 35 and 40 leaves remainders 14, 19, 29
and 34 respectively.

Ans : 1394
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 Question 16

Six bells commence tolling together and toll at

intervals of 2, 4, 6, 8 10 and 12 seconds
respectively. In 30 minutes, how many times do
they toll together ?

Ans : 16 times
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 Question 17

The H.C.F. of two numbers is 23 and the other

two factors of their L.C.M. are 13 and 14. The
larger of the two numbers is:

Ans : 322
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 Question 18

The product of two numbers is 4107. If the

H.C.F. of these numbers is 37, then the greater
number is:

Ans : 111
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 Question 19

Three number are in the ratio of 3 : 4 : 5 and

their L.C.M. is 2400. Their H.C.F. is:

Ans : 40
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 Question 20

The least number which when divided by 5, 6 , 7

and 8 leaves a remainder 3, but when divided by
9 leaves no remainder, is:

Ans : 1683
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Thank you !!!

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