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Arduino

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9 views

Arduino

Uploaded by

galiluserxaxa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SESSION 8

BREADBOARD
This diagram shows how the breadboard
holes are connected:
SESSION 9

CIRCUITS & LED


Series Circuit
● Electrical connection connected in a single
path where the current flows in the same
direction.

● Have only one path to follow with only


one load
Parallel Circuit
● Electrical connection that has two or more
paths for the current to flow in which the
loads are parallel to each other
Switch Circuit Connection

● Electrical connection installed on one path


that allows or disallows the flow of current
to device from the source
A circuit diagram with an LED, resistor, and a switch. When the switch is closed, current flows
and the LED can illuminate. Otherwise no current flows, and the LED receives no power.
The total resistance of a series circuit is equal to the sum of all the
individual resistances in the circuit.

Rt = R1 + R2 + R3…

Using this formula, you find that the total resistance of the circuit is:
RT = 15 Ω + 5 Ω + 20 Ω = 40 Ω

Series circuit
The total current in a series circuit is the same as the current through
any resistance of the circuit.

It = I1 = I2 = I3…

Given 120 V as the total voltage, and having determined the total
resistance of the circuit as 40 Ω, you can now apply Ohms law to
determine the total current in this circuit:

IT = 120 V/ 40 Ω = 3 A
This total circuit current would remain the same through all the
individual circuit resistors.
The total voltage in a series circuit is equal to the sum of all the
individual voltage drops in the circuit.

As current passes through each resistor in a series circuit, it


establishes a difference in potential across each individual
resistance. This is commonly called voltage drop, and its magnitude
is in direct proportion to the value of resistance. The greater the
value of resistance, the higher the voltage drop across that resistor.

ET = E1 + E2 + E3…
Using Ohms law you can determine the
voltage across each resistor.

3 A × 15 Ω = 45 V
3 A × 5 Ω = 15 V
3 A × 20 Ω = 60 V

The total source voltage is equal to the sum of the


individual voltage drops:

45 V + 15 V + 60 V = 120 V
Voltage: The voltage is equal across all components in a parallel circuit.

Current: The total circuit current equals the sum of the individual branch currents.

Resistance: The total resistance of a parallel circuit is less than any of the individual brand resistances

Parallel circuit with a battery and three resistors.


In the circuit of Figure 1, we can immediately apply Ohm’s Law to each resistor to
find its current because we know the voltage across each resistor (9 V) and its
resistance.
Currents in a parallel circuit
The same thing is encountered where the currents through R1, R2, and
R3 rejoin to flow back to the battery’s negative terminal (-) toward
point 8. The current flow from point 7 to point 8 must equal the sum
of the branch currents through R1, R2, and R3.

This is the second principle of parallel circuits: the total parallel circuit current equals the
sum of the individual branch currents.
Light Emitting Diode - LED
● Semi-conductor diode that converts electric
energy into electromagnetic radiation at a visible
and near infrared frequencies when its pn
junction is forward biased.

● These are tiny light bulbs


1. Series Circuit: Find the ,
R1 = 6 Ω

42 V
R2 = 8 Ω

R3 = 10 Ω
Format:

Given :________ 27
________
________
________

Solution: Rt = ____________
Rt = ____________
Rt = ____________

It=_____________
It=_____________
It=_____________

Voltage across resistor:


_____________
_____________
_____________

Total source voltage:


_____________
2. Series Circuit: Find the ,
R1 = 14 Ω

76 V
R2 = 8 Ω

R3 = 16 Ω
3. Parallel Circuit: Find the ,
R1= 8 Ω

80 V
R2= 4 Ω

R3 = 10 Ω
Format:

Given :________ 30
________
________
________

Solution: Rt = ____________
Rt = ____________
Rt = ____________

Vt=_____________

IR1=_____________
IR2=_____________
IR3=_____________

Itotal = __________
__________
__________
4. Parallel Circuit: Find the ,
R1 =12 Ω

30 V
R2 = 6 Ω

R3 = 14 Ω
32
33
Performance Task Format 34
SESSION 10

Project: Basic Connection with LED and Resistor


Materials
● Microcontroller
● USB Cable
● Jumper Wire
● Breadboard
● 1k ohms Resistors
● LED (any color)
SESSION 11

Control Structures
Conditional Structures
● Makes conditions or expression that evaluate to
either true or false.

● Mostly determine program flow through if


statements and while loops
1. If CONDITIONAL STATEMENT

● Executes any statement inside the brackets


{} if the conditional statement is true.
● If false, the program skips over the
statement.
● Executes any statement inside the brackets
{} if the conditional statement is true.
● If false, the program skips over the
statement.
2. else CONDITIONAL STATEMENT

● Have an else clause which handles what


should be done if the if statement is not
true.
3. While LOOP STATEMENT

● Just like an if statement except it continuous to


repeat a block of code (a block of code is what is
within the curly braces) as long as the condition
is true.
4. If…else if CONDITIONAL STATEMENT
COMBINATIONS

●&&
logical AND
(return TRUE if condition A AND condition B are true, otherwise return
FALSE.)

Example: (A<10) && (B<5)


COMBINATIONS

●II
logical OR
(return TRUE if condition A OR condition B is true, otherwise return
FALSE.)

Example: (A<10) II (B>5)


COMBINATIONS

●!!
logical NOT
(return TRUE if condition A is false, otherwise return FALSE.)

Example: (A<10)
49

Identify the Control


Structures !
1. if CONDITIONAL STATEMENT 50
2. while LOOP STATEMENT 51
3. else if CONDITIONAL STATEMENT 52
4. if CONDITIONAL STATEMENT 53
SESSION 12

Serial Monitor
SE 55
Serial Monitor 56

 Used
for communication between the Arduino board and a
computer or other devices

 TheSerial Monitor is an essential tool when creating projects


with Arduino. It can be used as a debugging tool, testing out
concepts or to communicate directly with the Arduino board.
How to use? 57

1. Once uploaded then sketch on Arduino, click


the right button on tool bar in Arduino IDE

2. The Serial Monitor Window will open


SESSION 13

Types of Switches
59
1. Push Button / Tact Switch
 Reacts to user interaction with the button or
switch when contacting with the control panel
beneath
60
1. Push Button / Tact Switch
 Reacts to user interaction with the button or
switch when contacting with the control panel
beneath
https://www.instructables.com/How-to-use-a-Push-Button-Arduino-Tutorial/

61
62
2. Single Pole Single Throw Switch (SPST)

 Basic ON and OFF


 One input contact, one output contact
63
3. Single Pole Double Throw Switch (SPDT)

 Switch that has 3 terminals


 One input contact, two output contact
64
4. Double Pole Double Throw Switch (DPDT)
 Dual ON/OFF switch that has two ON
positions
 6 terminals ; two input contacts and four output
contacts

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