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Number Systems Easy

The document discusses different number systems including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal. It explains the base of each system and how to convert between decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers using repeated division and taking remainders.

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31 views18 pages

Number Systems Easy

The document discusses different number systems including binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal. It explains the base of each system and how to convert between decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers using repeated division and taking remainders.

Uploaded by

malikabuzarnaeem416
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Number System SPRING 2024

INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND


COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
A Number System is a writing-system for
expressing numbers, a mathematical notation
for representing numbers of a given set, using
symbols in a consistent manner.
Ideally a number system will:
Number • Represent a useful set of numbers (integers, or
rational numbers)
System • Give every number represented a unique
representation (or at least a standard representation)
• Reflect the algebraic and arithmetic structure of the
numbers.
Base/Radix of Numeral System
• The number of distinct symbols that can be
used to represent numbers in that system.
• For example, the base for the ‘decimal
numerical symbol is 10’, as we can use the
ten symbols 0,1,2,…,9 to represent numbers
in this system.
Binary Number System
• The binary numeral system (base two) has two
as its base.
• It is the numerical base used by the modern
day computers where numbers need to be
stored using the on/off logic of electronic
and/or magnetic media. The ON and OFF
conveniently translate into 1 and 0.
Octal
Number
System
The octal numeral system (base
eight) has eight as its base.
Hexadecimal Number
System
• The hexadecimal numeral system (base 16) has sixteen as its
base.
• This system uses the 16 symbols:
{0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F}
• The main advantage of using this numeral system is that it
keeps the representations short, and hence manageable.
• For example: the decimal number 199834, is represented in
binary as 110000110010011010; and in hexadecimal as
30C9A.
Binary Number
Conversion
Binary
Number
Conversion
• A repeated division and remainder algorithm
can convert decimal to binary, octal, or
hexadecimal.
Decimal • Divide the decimal number by the desired
target radix (2, 8, or 16).
Number • Append the remainder as the next most
Conversion significant digit.
• Repeat until the decimal number has reached
zero.
Decimal
Number
Conversion
Decimal Number Conversion
Octal Number Conversion
Octal Number Conversion
Octal Number Conversion

Octal to Decimal
Hexadecimal Number Conversion

Hexadecimal to Binary
Hexadecimal Number Conversion

Hexadecimal to Octal
Hexadecimal Number Conversion
Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers

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