NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Safety and Health Igc1

NEBOSH International General Certificate
in Occupational Safety and Health

IGC1
Element 2: How Health and Safety

Management Systems Work and What They
Look Like
Learning Objectives
• Give an overview of the elements of an occupational health and
safety management system and the benefits of having a
formal/certified system.
• Discuss the main ingredients of a OHSMS that make it effective –
policy, responsibilities, arrangements.
Lear2.1: Occupational Health and Safety
Management System. es
Learning Objectives
Introduction to OHSMS
The PDCA cycle:
• Plan – what you’re going to do.
• Do – it!
• Check – that what you’re doing is working.
• Act – if what you’re doing could be improved.
ILO-OSH 2001: The ILO OHSMS
• Policy
‒ Clear statement of commitment to health and safety.
• Organizing
‒ Roles and responsibilities for health and safety.
‒ At all levels in the organization.
• Planning and implementing

‒ Detailed arrangements to manage H&S.
‒ Risk assessments!
• Evaluation
‒ Methods to monitor and review the effectiveness of the arrangements.
• Audit
‒ Independent, critical and systematic review of the management system.
• Action for improvement
‒ Steps to correct issues found in the review.
• Continual improvement
‒ The SMS will develop over time.
ISO 45001: The OHSMS Standard
End of Module 2.1 Exercise
• What are the key elements of the

ILO-OSH health and safety management system?
Element 2.2
• Making the Management System Work – The Health and Safety

Policy
Introduction to Health and Safety Policies
• An important document:
• The foundation stone for good
health and safety management
in an organisation.
• Sets out the organisation’s aims.
• Identifies who is responsible for achieving these aims.
• States how the aims are to be achieved.
• Specific to each organisation’s requirements.
• (Not to be confused with ‘Policy’ in the H&S management system model.)
Group Discussion Point
Why might the health and safety policy of two organisations be
different?
Why isn’t there a prescribed, ‘one size fits all’ approach to developing a
policy?
Group Exercise
• Why is an organisation’s health and safety policy so important?

• Why might two organisations doing similar work have different
policies?
Standards and Guidance
Article 14
ILO Recommendation R164
Requires employers to set down in writing, policy and arrangements for

health and safety management:
• Where circumstances warrant it.
• In a readily-understood language or medium
The Three Parts of a H&S Policy
1. Statement of Intent
‒ What is going to be done.
2. Organisation
‒ Who is going to do it.
3. Arrangements
‒ How they're going to do it.
General Statement of Intent
• Setting overall aims and objectives.
• Complying with law.
• Achieving standards.
• Reminds workers at all levels of their responsibilities.
• Signed and dated by the most senior person.
• Regular review.
Setting SMART Objectives
• Specific – clearly defined, precise.
• Measurable – towards a target, quantified.
• Achievable – it can be done.
• Reasonable – within timescale, and resources.
• Time-bound – deadline, timescale.
• e.g. ‘review all 48 risk assessments within a 12-month period’.
Setting SMART Objectives
It will be important to consider:
• Who is going to set the objectives.
• How objectives will be set at each functional level.
• Legal and other requirements.
• Hazards and risks.
• Technological options.
• Financial, operational and business requirements.
• Views of interested parties.
Organizational Roles and Responsibilities
• Outlines the chain of command for health and safety management.
• Identifies the roles and responsibilities of staff.
• Usually includes an organizational chart relating to health and safety.
• Shows lines of communication and feedback.
Defines responsibilities for:
• The CEO or MD – ultimately responsible and accountable.
• Management – responsible for day-to-day management.
• All employees – responsible for acting safely.
• Competent persons – first aiders, fire marshals, etc.
• Specialist health and safety practitioners – responsible for providing

advice to support management and employees.
Arrangements
General topics:
• Carrying out risk assessments.
• Information, instruction and training.
• Accident and near-miss reporting, recording and investigation.
• Consultation with workers.
• Developing safe systems of work.
• Welfare and first-aid provision.
• Fire safety and prevention.
• Emergency procedures.
• Compliance monitoring, including auditing.
Individual Activity
Can you think of any other specific health and safety hazards?
Write down as many as you can think of, which you believe should be
included in the Arrangements Section of a Health and Safety Policy.
Arrangements
Specific Risks and Problems
• Lone working.
• Noise-exposure control.
• Vibration-exposure control.
• Control of exposure to toxic materials.
• Control of crowds.
• Control of transport risks.
• Specific health surveillance requirements.
• Waste disposal
H&S Policies
• How can a policy be effectively communicated?
• When should it be reviewed?

Reviewing Policy
Changes in:
• Key personnel.
• Management structure.
• Processes.
• Technology.
• Legislation.
• Following an incident.
• As a result of enforcement action.
• After an audit.
• After worker consultation.
• Passage of time, e.g. Annually
End of Module 2.2 Exercise
1. What are the three key parts to a health and safety policy?
2. What type of targets might be referenced in the policy (and where)?

Summary
• In this element, we have:
• Looked at the ILO-OSH 2001 OHSMS, which can be summarised as: Policy, Organising,
Planning and Implementation, Evaluation, Action for Improvement, and Audit.
• Outlined the ISO 45001 SMS: Context of the organisation; Leadership and worker
participation; Planning; Support; Operation; Performance evaluation; Improvement.
• Identified the OHS policy of an organisation as an important document, which sets out what
the organisation’s aims are with regard to OHS, who is responsible for achieving those aims,
and how those aims are to be achieved.
• Explained that the policy is usually presented in three parts: the General Statement of
Intent, the Organisation section, and the Arrangements section.
• Noted that OHS policies have to be reviewed in order to stay current and relevant, and that
reviews might be carried out periodically, or in response to changes.

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NEBOSH International General Certificate

in Occupational Safety and Health

Element 2: How Health and Safety

‒ At all levels in the organization.

• Planning and implementing

• What are the key elements of the

• Making the Management System Work – The Health and Safety

• Why is an organisation’s health and safety policy so important?

Requires employers to set down in writing, policy and arrangements for

• Management – responsible for day-to-day management.

• All employees – responsible for acting safely.

• Competent persons – first aiders, fire marshals, etc.

• Specialist health and safety practitioners – responsible for providing

Specific Risks and Problems

• Control of exposure to toxic materials.

• Control of transport risks.

• Specific health surveillance requirements.

• How can a policy be effectively communicated?

• When should it be reviewed?

2. What type of targets might be referenced in the policy (and where)?

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