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Day 1.1 - CH1 - Introduction To Algorithms

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21 views19 pages

Day 1.1 - CH1 - Introduction To Algorithms

Uploaded by

nguejip47
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1ALG

ALGORITHMS WITH
PYTHON

Chapter 1: Introduction to algorithm


Summary
- Introduction to computer
science.
- What are algorithms.
- History of algorithms.
- What is a programming
language.
Computer science
- Computer science is the study of computers, how they work and how to use them. It spans
many domains like :

Theory of Information and Hardware & Data structure


computation coding theory software design and algorithms

Cryptography Artificial Many other


and security intelligence fields
3
Computer science

Computer science is no more about computers than


astronomy is about telescopes.

Edsger W. Dijkstra

4
What is an algorithm

A series of well-defined instructions performed sequentially to complete


a task.

Starting from an input, the algorithm will process an output.

5
Algorithms examples

A cooking recipe The solution to a math Itinerary from point A


problem to point B

6
Algorithm history
- The word algorithm comes from the 9th century Persian scholar
Muhammad al-Khwarizmi.

- In the 12th century, one of his books as translated into Latin and his name
became "Algortimi".

- He is also considered the father of algebra.

7
First recorded algorithms

- The idea of algorithm has existed long before


Al-Khwarizmi.

- For example : the way to calculate the greatest common


divisor of two integers by Euclid in -300.

- The oldest recorded are found on Babylonians clay tablets


from 3700 BC

8
The first computer
program
- Ada Lovelace is considered the author of the first
computer program in 1843.

- The program ran on a theorical machine called the


"Analytical machine".

9
Alan Turing

- Created automated machines called Turing machines in the


1930.

- Turing machines allowed to use algorithm in electronic


computers.

- Famously known for cracking the enigma machine.

10
First programmable
digital computer

• The ENIAC in 1946.

• 167m².
• 50 tons.
• 18000 vacuum tubes.

11
Computer science now

Great evolution since the first programmable computers.

New domains have emerged like machine learning.

Computer science is in constant innovation.

12
Using programming languages

Computers only understands machine code.

Programming languages transform human-readable instructions


into machine code.

13
Types of programming languages

COMPILED INTERPRETED
14
Compiled languages

Source code Compiler Executable machine code Program running

15
Interpreted language

Script Interpretor Application


launched

16
FAMOUS PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

17
Conclusion

- Computer science covers many fields.


- Algorithms are sets of instructions.
- Algorithms have existed since long ago.
- Programming languages are used to
implement algorithms.

18
Questions

19

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