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Lipids Final

The document discusses lipids, which are organic compounds that perform important functions in the body. It defines different types of lipids, describes their functions and metabolism, how they are digested and broken down, lipid disorders, and methods to detect lipids.

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Zuhaa Ejaz Kazmi
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21 views16 pages

Lipids Final

The document discusses lipids, which are organic compounds that perform important functions in the body. It defines different types of lipids, describes their functions and metabolism, how they are digested and broken down, lipid disorders, and methods to detect lipids.

Uploaded by

Zuhaa Ejaz Kazmi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BY: HAFIZ USMAN, YOUSAF BAIG, SYED ANEES ASAD,

ANAS IJAZ, ZUHAA EJAZ KAZMI

LIPIDS
What are Lipids
 Lipids are a broad group of

organic fatty compounds that

perform a variety of functions in

your body.

 They are insoluble in water but

soluble in non-polar organic

solvents
Classification of Lipids

Simple Lipids Compound Derived Lipids Miscellaneous Lipids


Lipids

• Are made up of • Obtained from


• Are made up of fatty acids, hydrolysis of
Fatty Acids and alcohol and simple or • Possess
alcohol additional compound lipids characteristics
• E.g. functional group • E.g. fatty acids of lipids
Triacylglycerol • E.g.
and steroids • E.g. carotenoids
and waxes phospholipids,
glycolipids and
lipoproteins
Functions of Lipids
It is used as a energy
Energy storage molecule

Play important role in the


Structure structure and function of cell
membranes

Steroid lipids are particularly


Hormones important because they act as
hormones

Layer of fat under skin helps


Insulator in insulation

The help in signaling


Messengers between cells
Lipid Metabolism
Lipid Digestion
Elaborate on what you want to discuss.

1. Lipids are emulsified by bile


salts to form micelles
2. These are broken down by
lipases in small intestine
3. The fatty acids and other
components are taken up by
the intestinal mucosa
Lipid Digestion
Elaborate on what you want to discuss.

4. Here the products recombine and are


mixed up with cholesterol and
apolipoprotein to form chylomicrons
5. Chylomicrons are transported into
blood and lymph and are broken down
by lipoprotein lipases
6. The final free fatty acids are stored in
adipocytes or used a fuels.
Lipid Catabolism

Lipolysis
• Lipolysis is the breakdown of fats into fatty
acids and free glycerol by the help of
lipases
• The free fatty acids diffuse in blood
supplying energy when needed
• The glycerol is transported to liver where it
is further processes
• The fatty acids are further oxidized for energy production
• This process occurs in three stages:

1. Activation of fatty acids

B-oxidation of Fatty Acids


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2. Transportation of fatty acids:

The fatty acids are transported from cytoplasm to


mitochondria for further processing by the help of enzyme
carnitine acyl transferase I.

B-oxidation of Fatty Acids


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3. Oxidation of fatty acids:

B-oxidation of Fatty Acids


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Energy Production

25 -30% 9Kcal/g
Detection of Lipids
Huble’s Test Acrolein Test Solubility test Translucent spot Test

This test is used


to know the Fats and oils when
Fats are soluble in In this, test the
degree of heated with some
organic solvents given sample to be
unsaturation in crystals of
like chloroform, tested is rubbed
the given sample. potassium bisulfite
alcohol, etc. It is between the folds
Oils on reaction KHSO4 in a test
insoluble in water. of filter paper. The
with Huble’s tube. A pungent
So, if the given appearance of
reagent fads the irritating odour or
sample forms an translucent spot
violet colour of smell of acrolein
oily layer above the confirms the
iodine then it is confirms the
surface of the water presence of fats in
unsaturated and presence of fat or
then fat is present. the given sample.
if the colour oil.
persists then the
given fat or oil is
saturated.
Lipid Related Disorders

Hypercholesterolemia Hypertriglyceridemia Tay Sachs disease


High levels of It's caused by the
High levels of triglycerides in the absence of an enzyme
cholesterol in the blood, which can that helps break down
blood increase the risk of fatty substances.
pancreatitis and
cardiovascular disease.
Any Questions?

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