PRESENTATION On Iov and Cost Effective Traffic Signal

PRESENTATION ON
Internet of Vehicles
and
Cost-Effective Traffic Signal Control
Presented By:->
MD ASMATH SHIAKH
MOHAMMAD FAIZ KHAN
MUSFERATUN ALAM
BISWAJIT DUTTA
INTRODUCTION
• In these days, traffic lights are controlled by coordinated controllers at intersections
which monitor traffic patterns with the assistance of devices like video cameras and
sensors.
• The video camera-based monitoring requires high computing power for image
processing and the sensor-based monitoring requires high sensor installation cost.
• The video processing procedure of vehicle detection and counting proposed in
consists of preprocessing, background update, background subtraction, image
segmentation, lamplight or shadow suppression, contour extraction and filling,
vehicle detection and vehicle counting using virtual coil or detecting line depending
on traffic congestion situation.
• In the sensor-based approach, various types of sensors, like inductive loop
detectors, ultrasonic sensors, magnetometers, radar/lidar based sensors, etc., are
installed near to intersections for vehicle detection, tracking and counting.
RELATED WORK
• Instead of using video cameras or sensors, the mechanisms utilizing
GPS-mounted probe vehicles have been proposed for the estimation of
the vehicle queue length.
• The aim of our mechanisms differs from that of the probe vehicle-based
mechanism in that our mechanisms use V2I communications for the
real-time traffic signal control. That is, we consider the environment
where the traffic signal controller detects vehicles through V2I
communications and estimates the length of the vehicle queue and,
then, controls the traffic signals.
• Cost-effective traffic control mechanisms utilizing vehicle-to-
infrastructure (V2I) communications which does not require high
computing power or high installation cost.
Internet of Vehicles (IOV)
IoV is basically internet of Vehicles, a strong network between vehicle
and living.
The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is part of the Internet of Things (IoT)
because in a broad sense smart vehicles are smart things and smart
vehicles are realized with things like various sensors.
Three types of IoV-
• Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V)
• Vehicle to infrastructure (V2I)
• Vehicle to sensor (V2S)
 Vehicle to offer the opportunity for vehicle:- “The dynamic wireless exchange of
data between nearby vehicles that significant safety improvements.”
e.g:-Car connected to Car, Car connected to buses ,etc.
 Vehicles to Infrastructure:- “the wireless exchange of critical safety and
operational data between vehicles and highway infrastructure. Intended primarily
to avoid or mitigate motor vehicle crashes but also to enable a wide range of other
safety, mobility and environments benefits.”
e.g:- Signals, Parking, Bus stops
V2I Communications for Vehicle Queue
Length Estimation
• The sake of efficiency of V2I communications, a mechanism that
reduces the number of transmissions without losing the accuracy of
vehicle queue length estimation.
• Types of V2I communication for Vehicle queue length estimation:-
Communication Environment
Distance-Based Transmission of Vehicle Information Messages
Sector-Based Transmission of Vehicle Information Messages
Communication Environment
• A road segment starting from Rstart to Rend with the length of RLEN .
• in-vehicle-queue (IVQ).
• The transmission range of a vehicle, Vrange is larger enough to cover the
upcoming traffic signal controller; that is, Vrange ≥ Rlen.
• Vehicles move at a speed faster
than the stopping speed when
it is not in the vehicle queue, and
know the information of traffic
signal controllers and all the
information related to the road
segment, such as Rstart, Rend, Rlen etc.
Distance-Based Transmission of Vehicle
Information Messages
Rlen − Vdist
TM = Tcurrent + τ ×
Rlen
• An IVQ vehicle can transmit a VI message M at time TM. Tcurrent is the current time
and τ is the unit time and Vdist is the distance of the vehicle from Rstart.
• We can further reduce the
VI message transmission overhead
by limiting the areas in which vehicles
are allowed to transmit VI messages.
Sector-Based Transmission of Vehicle
Information Messages
• The objective of the sector-based mechanism is to reduce the number of candidate IVQ
vehicles to transmit VI messages.
• Sectors are designated areas on a road segment. This is a reasonable approach because a
vehicle tends to stop right behind a stopped vehicle and the fact that a vehicle V sends a
VI message implies that the vehicles ahead of V have already stopped and belong to the
vehicle queue.
• each sector is represented as a
square-shape area filled with
slashes and the vehicles
sending VI messages are
filled with small dots.

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