Scribd
Upload
20 views13 pages

Introduction To Dbms

Uploaded by

jia dutta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views13 pages

Introduction To Dbms

Uploaded by

jia dutta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

INTRODUCTION TO DBMS

Prasad C N,
Dept of Computers
St Josephs College
Bengaluru-27.
 Data: Collection of raw fact and figures.
 Information: Processed data is called information.

 Database: A database is an organized collection of


data, so that it can be easily accessed and managed.
 A) Tuple: A single row of a table, which contains a
single record for that relation, is called a tuple.
 B) Domain: a domain is the collection of values that a
data element may contain
 C) Database Schema: Description of a database is
called database schema.
 Student database:

Domain1 Domain2 Domain3 Domain4 Domain5

Database Slno Sname Sregno Class Phone


Schema
 Tuple1
1 Ramesh Bsc01 Bsc 98452

2 Umesh Bsc02 Bsc 98451


 Tuple2
3 Suresh Bsc03 Bsc 99450
 Tuple3
 Database Schema: Description of a database is called
database schema.
 DBMS: DBMS is software designed to store, retrieve, define,
and manage data in a database.
 File oriented system: A File Management system is a DBMS
that allows access to single files or tables at a time.
 Disadvantage of file oriented system:

 1) Data redundancy: Data redundancy occurs when the


same piece of data exists in multiple places,
 2) Difficult in accessing data: Accessing data is not
convenient and efficient in file processing system.
 3) Data isolation: Data isolation is a property that determines
when and how changes made by one operation become visible
to other concurrent users and systems.
 4) Concurrent access anomalies: Concurrent access to data
means more than one user is accessing the same data at the
same time.
 5) Security: Its low compared to database management
system.
 6) Integrity problem: The data present in the database
should be consistent and correct. To achieve this, the data
should must satisfy certain constraints.
 Database administrators: DBA design, write and take care
of computer database systems so that the right person can
get the information they need at the right time
 Roles and responsibility of DBA:
 working with database software to find ways to store,
organize and manage data.
 Troubleshooting.

 keeping databases up to date.

 helping with database design and development.

 managing database access.

 designing maintenance procedures and putting them into


operation.
 ensuring that databases meet user requirements.

 managing database security/integrity and backup


procedures.
 implementing security measures.
 defining objectives through consultation with staff at all
levels.
 writing reports, documentation and operating manuals.

 testing and modifying databases to ensure that they operate


reliably.
 providing user training, support and feedback.

 writing disaster recovery plans.

 Three Schema architecture:


 Internal Level:
 The internal schema is also known as a physical schema.
 The internal level has an internal schema which describes the
physical storage structure of the database.
 It uses the physical data model. It is used to define that how
the data will be stored in a block.

 Conceptual Level:
 Programmers and database administrators work at this level
 The conceptual schema describes the design of a database at
the conceptual level. Conceptual level is also known as
logical level.
 The conceptual schema describes the structure of the whole
database.
 The conceptual level describes what data are to be stored
in the database and also describes what relationship
exists among those data.
 In the conceptual level, internal details such as an
implementation of the data structure are hidden.
 Database users:

 These are seven types of data base users in DBMS.

 1) Database Administrator (DBA) :


Database Administrator (DBA) is a person/team who
defines the schema and also controls the 3 levels of
database.
 2) Naive / Parametric End Users :
Parametric End Users are the unsophisticated who don’t
have any DBMS knowledge but they frequently use the
data base applications in their daily life to get the desired
results.
 For examples, Railway’s ticket booking users are naive
users. Clerks in any bank is a naive user because they
don’t have any DBMS knowledge but they still use the
database and perform their given task.
 3) System Analyst :
System Analyst is a user who analyzes the
requirements of the users.
 4) Sophisticated Users :
Sophisticated users can be engineers, scientists, business
analyst, who are familiar with the database. They can
develop their own database applications according to
their requirement.
 5) Data Base Designers :
Data Base Designers are the users who design the structure
of database which includes tables, indexes, views,
constraints, triggers, stored procedures.
 6) Application Program :
Application Program are the back end programmers who
writes the code for the application programs.
 7) Casual Users / Temporary Users :
Casual Users are the users who occasionally use/access the
data base.

Thank you

You might also like