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Group 7

The document discusses techniques for data collection in research including constructing observation guides, interview guides, and conducting documentary studies. It defines each technique and provides steps for constructing the guides and conducting studies. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of each technique.

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Arya Wiranda
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19 views12 pages

Group 7

The document discusses techniques for data collection in research including constructing observation guides, interview guides, and conducting documentary studies. It defines each technique and provides steps for constructing the guides and conducting studies. It also discusses advantages and disadvantages of each technique.

Uploaded by

Arya Wiranda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Technique of data

collection:constructing
observation guide, Interview
guide, and documentary study

Lecturer : Prof,Dr.Didik Santoso,M.Pd


Group 7

01 03
02 04

Azura Novi Yanti


Tiara Dwi
0304213108 Balqis Qonita 0304213106 Lestari
0304213067 0304213050
 Definition of data collection techniques
Data collection techniques are methods or means used to collect information needed in a
research or study. This technique can include various methods such as observation,
interviews, documentary studies, surveys, experiments, and so on. The selection of
appropriate data collection techniques is very important to ensure the validity and reliability
of the research results.
The importance of developing observation guides, interview guides, and documentary
studies :

1.ensure consistency.
2. ensure validation.
3. facilitate data analysis.
4. facilitate replication.
 Constructing an Observation
Guide
● Definition of observation guide
An observation guide in a research project is a tool that helps
researchers collect data through direct observation of people in
natural or simulated settings. It provides a structured framework
for recording and documenting behaviors, actions, and
interactions of the subjects being observed.
● Purpose of an observation guide
The purpose of an observation guide is to provide researchers
with a clear, consistent understanding of what they should be
observing on site and to provide a template for documenting
that information.
 Steps to construct an observation guideTo construct an observation guide, follow these steps:

1. Planning Your Observation


2 Conducting the Observation
3. Recording and Analyzing Observational Data
4. Utilizing Technology in Observation5. Enhancing the Quality of Observational Data
6. Dealing with Incomplete or Inaccurate Observations
7. Facilitating Reflexivity in Observational Research
8. Sample Note-Taking Practices and Observation Forms.
 Constructing an Interview Guide
A. Definition of Interview Guide
An interview guide is a structured tool that outlines a set of questions or topics to be covered during an
interview. It provides a framework for consistent and systematic data collection from interviewees.

B. Importance of an Interview Guide


1. Ensures Consistency: Helps interviewers ask the same core questions to all respondents, reducing
bias.
2. Focuses the Interview: Guides the conversation towards specific information or areas of interest.
3. Enhances Data Quality: Enables thorough exploration of topics and ensures comprehensive data
collection.
4. Improves Analysis: Facilitates easier comparison of responses across interviews
C. Steps to Construct an Interview Guide

1.Define Objectives.
2.Identify Key Topics
3. Develop Questions
4. Sequence Questions
5. Include Probes or Prompts
6. Pilot Test
 Constructing a
Documentary Study

A.Defenition

Documentary study is a research method


that involves examining and analyzing
existing documents, texts, records, or artifacts
to gain insight into a particular topic, event,
or phenomenon. It typically involves
thorough investigation and interpretation of
primary and secondary sources to understand
historical, social, cultural, or scientific
aspects.
B. Benefits of using documentary study
in data collection :

1. Cost-effective
2. Non-intrusive
3. History perspective
4. Rich data
5. Cross-validation
6. Accessibility
7. Longitudinal studies
C . Steps to conduct a documentary
study
1. Determine the purpose of the
research and formulate clear
research questions.
2. Identify relevant and reliable
data sources.
3. Conduct an information search
using various sources such as
scientific journals, books, online
articles and databases.
4. Evaluate the reliability and
validity of the information found.
5. Analyze and interpret the data
that has been collected in
accordance with the research
objectives.
6. Present the research findings
clearly and concisely in the final
report.
 Advantages and disadvantages of observation
guides, interview guides, and documentary
studies.
1. Observation Guides:

Advantages: Objectivity, obtaining information that is not available in interviews.


Disadvantages: Researcher subjectivity, limited to what can be observed

2. Interview Guide:

Advantages: Getting in-depth information, flexibility.


Disadvantages: Participant subjectivity, researcher bias.

3.Documentary Studies:
Advantages : Historical data, time and cost efficiency.
Disadvantages : Accuracy and validity of data, limited access to data.
 Conclusion
Data collection techniques through the construction of observation
guides, interviews, and documentary studies are effective approaches to
obtaining relevant and comprehensive information in research. By
constructing observation guides, researchers can direct their
observations towards pre-determined variables, allowing for structured
data collection. Interview guides assist in framing systematic and
directed questions, allowing for productive interactions between
researchers and respondents to glean in-depth information. Meanwhile,
documentary studies utilize well-documented secondary sources of
information to provide a broader context to the research topic. These
three techniques combined can generate rich and reliable data,
providing a solid foundation for subsequent analysis and interpretation .

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