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    Major Disease of Onion in Somali Region

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    farhan abdi

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    Major Disease of Onion in Somali Region

    Uploaded by

    farhan abdi
    14 views15 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    14 views15 pages

    Major Disease of Onion in Somali Region

    Uploaded by

    farhan abdi

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Training on Management of onion diseases observed in

    Somali region

    By: Abdi Aden Abdi


    May. 2024
    1 05/28/2024
    .
    The most common disease of onion is purple
    blotch and downy mildew, which are mainly
    severe during rainy season and under moist
    conditions.
    The first measure is to follow appropriate cultural
    practices crop rotation with non related crops to
    reduce pest buildup.
    The other is use of chemical control measures.
    Commonly used fungicides like Ridomil gold,
    Agrolaxyl or mancozeb can be used against these
    diseases.
    2 05/28/2024
    Onion Diseases
    A. Purple blotch (Alternaria porri)
    ♥ Widespread wherever onion is grown
    ♥ Seed-borne pathogen
     Symptom: water soaked lesion with white center, edges of lesion turn to
    brown to purple with time
    ♥ The first blotch appear on the oldest leaves

    3 05/28/2024
    Purple blotch management
     Use healthy seed
     Soaking seeds in hot water (50°C for 20 min): is more
    effective than fungicidal application in reducing the seed-
    borne infection by Alternaria porri and Stemphylium
    vesicarium
     Crop rotation of 2-3 years

     Spray Nativo (trifloxystrobin 100 gm/lt + tebuconazol 200


    gm/lt) .

    4 05/28/2024
    B. Stemphylium leaf blight
     Caused by: fungus (Stemphylium vesicarium)

     Confuse with purple blotch

     Favored by extended periods of leaf wetness, rainfall or

    overhead irrigation during bulb formation.


     Symptom: Initial infections on the leaves and leaf sheaths are

    small, light yellow to brown and water-soaked causing extensive


    blighting of the leaves
    ♥ The centers of lesions turn brown to tan, then dark olive brown and

    finally black as the fungus sporulates


    Stemphylum leaf blight management
     Plant along wind direction to reduce leaf wetness

     Crop rotation (2-3 years)

     Soaking seeds in hot water (50°C for 20 min): is more

    effective than fungicidal application in reducing the seed-


    borne infection by Alternaria porri and Stemphylium
    vesicarium
     Reduced plant density and good field drainage

     Avoid other disease (downy mildew) infection

    6 fluopyram + tebuconazole (not tested in Ethiopia) 05/28/2024


    C. Downy mildew
     Caused by: Fungus (Peronospora destructor)
     Common in areas with high rainfall and high humidity
     Can cause up to 75 % yield loss
     Symptom: Gray discoloration due to fungal growth on leaf surface
     Lesions progress to a pale yellow followed by brown necrosis resulting
    in collapse of the leaf tissue
     Infected leaves turn to brown and dry

    7 05/28/2024
    Onion diseases contnd.

    Downy mildew (Peronospora destructor)


    Widespread in areas with high rainfall and humidity
    Can cause a yield loss of 50-75%

    Symptoms:
     Gray discoloration due to fungal growth on leaf surface
     Infected leaves turn to brown and dry

    Control Measures:
    • Field sanitation
    • Crop rotation
    • Resistant/tolerant variety
     Fungicide application

    8
    Onion downy mildew (Peronospora destructor)

    9
    Onion downy mildew

    10
    Garlic rust
    Control measures

     Planting of healthy seeds/bulbs

     Crop rotation with non solanaceous crops

     Avoidance of alternate hosts

     Use of improved, resistant/tolerant varieties

     Application of registered fungicides

    12
    Downy mildew management
     Disease free seeds

     Seed treatment

     Field sanitation

     Crop rotation

     Fungicide (Sinoko 77% WP, Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WG,


    mancozeb, metalaxyl 8% WP + mancozeb 64 WP)

    13 05/28/2024
    Description and Dosage of commonly used fungicides
    Name of Fungicide Disease Remarks

    Ridomil Gold 68WP Purple blotch (Alternaria Spray Ridomil at


    porri) 2.5kg/ha= 10gm/15 liter
    Downy mildew water,
    (Perenosporus destructor) 1 full match box =10 gm

    Agrolaxyl (Contains Purple blotch (Alternaria Spray Agrolaxyl at 3


    mancozeb and porri) kg/ha=15gm/15 liter water
    methylaxyl) Downy mildew
    (Perenosporus destructor)
    Mancozeb

    14 05/28/2024
    NB: preventing problems is usually
    easier than curing them!

    THANK YOU!
    15 05/28/2024

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