IoT - cloud computing &

analytics

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IoT – transformation

Connected

Why Build an IoT?

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IoT Analytics Architecture
Device Management

Google Cloud Platform

Amazon Web services

Devices

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IoT Architecture

Gateway

Devices

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IoT Architecture

Connectivity

Gateway

Devices

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IoT Architecture

Analytics

Storage

Connectivity The value of IoT data for organizations

Better human productivity

Gateway
Improved equipment maintenance
Devices
Operations optimization and automation
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• The data generated from IoT devices turns out
to be of value only if it gets subjected to
analysis, which brings data analytics into the
picture.
• Data Analytics (DA) is defined as a process,
which is used to examine big and small data
sets with varying data properties to extract
meaningful conclusions and actionable
insights.
• These conclusions are usually in the form of
trends, patterns, and statistics that aid business
organizations in proactively engaging with
data to implement effective decision-making
processes.
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• Streaming Analytics: This form of data analytics is also referred as
event stream processing and it analyzes huge in-motion data sets.
• financial transactions, air fleet tracking, traffic analysis etc. can benefit from
this method.
• Spatial Analytics: This is the data analytics method that is used to
analyze geographic patterns to determine the spatial relationship
between the physical objects.
• Location-based IoT applications, such as smart parking applications can
benefit from this form of data analytics.
• Time Series Analytics: As the name suggests, this form of data
analytics is based upon the time-based data which is analyzed to reveal
associated trends and patterns.
• weather forecasting applications and health monitoring systems can benefit
from this form of data analytics method.
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Reasons why IoT data requires analytics

• Volume
• Structure
• Life-saving situations
• Driving revenue

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IoT Analytics
• Internet of Things (IoT) analytics enables organizations to leverage the
massive amounts of data generated by IoT devices, using analytics
stacks.
• IoT analytics is often considered a subset of big data, involved with
combining heterogeneous streams and transforming them into
consistent and accurate insights.
• it is often complex to integrate the many types of IoT devices with
existing ecosystems and analytics tools.
• This is why, organizations deployed Industrial IoT (IIoT), a
technology built for collecting and analyzing data from sensors.

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Types of Data Analytics

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Use Case – Air Quality measurement
• https://www.iqair.com/us/india/tamil-nadu/vellore

Source: national air quality index, CPC data

Visualization created using a thinkspeak
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Thingspeak
• ThingSpeak is a Web Service (REST API) that lets you
collect and store sensor data in the cloud and develop
Internet of Things applications
• Collect data from sensors “things”
• Visualize them instantly
• Act on the data – e.g when the temp goes beyond 34 0 C,
then give a tweet.

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 Use Case – Air Quality measurement

Diagnostic capabilities are

typically extensions to dashboards
that permit users to drill into data,
humidity
compare it, and visualize
correlations and trends in an ad-hoc
manner.

temperature 14
Use Case – Air Quality measurement

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Process – Predictive analytics

Data Data Performance

Cleaning Modelling analysis

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 Data
Cleaning
• With millions of connected devices, a typical data processing
platform might be required to deal with billions of such incoming
events every day.
• Even though processing this amount of data is obviously a
considerable and by no means trivial technological challenge, it is
clear that the device data itself – even when stored in a preprocessed
form – is not something actionable.
• To get actionable insights, the collected data must be analyzed.
• One type of task that can be effectively tackled with data analysis in
the IoT is anomaly detection.
• Its goal is to identify unusual behavior in connected devices that
differs significantly from what has been observed before or from
what is expected. 17
 Data
Cleaning

• Remove Unwanted Observations

• Check for Irrelevant Observations
• Filter Out Outliers
• Handle Missing Data
• Convert Data Types

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 Data Predictive Analytics Models
Modelling

• Classification Model
• It puts data in categories based on what it
learns from historical data.
• Classification models are best to answer yes or
no questions, providing broad analysis that’s
helpful for guiding decisive action.
• For an online banking provider, “Is this a
fraudulent transaction?”
• For a data from a fitbit tracker, “Is this heart
pulse rate leads to heart attack or not”
• Any machine learning or a deep learning model
which requires a training and learning fits into
this. 19
 Data
Modelling

• Clustering Model
• The clustering model sorts data into separate, nested
smart groups based on similar attributes.
• Using the clustering model, they can quickly
separate customers into similar groups based on
common characteristics and devise strategies for
each group at a larger scale.
• grouping loan applicants into “smart buckets” based
on loan attributes
• identifying areas in a city with a high volume of
crime using the data from surveillance system
• benchmarking SaaS customer data into groups to
identify global patterns of use. 20
 Data
Modelling

• Forecast Model
• Deals in metric value prediction, estimating numeric value for new
data based on learnings from historical data.
• A call center can predict how many support calls they will receive per
hour.
• The forecast model also considers multiple input parameters. If a
restaurant owner wants to predict the number of customers she is
likely to receive in the following week, the model will take into
account factors that could impact this, such as:
• Is there an event close by?
• What is the weather forecast?
• Is there an illness going around? 21
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Case Study - Open Source e-Health sensor platform
• E-Health is an open-source sensor platform that
offers a wide range of bio-signal sensing capabilities
to open-source hardware platforms.
• Pulse sensor
Analytics
• Oxygen in blood sensor
Storage • Body temperature sensor
• ECG sensor
Connectivity • Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) sensor
• Glucometer
Devices
• Accelerometer
• Blood pressure sensor
• EMG sensor
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• The ports and pins on the shield are designed specifically for the
sensors listed above.
• All sensors are noninvasive and are designed with electrodes, clips and
bands among several other features that make it easy to attach them
safely onto the body.
• Using these sensors one can monitor the real-time state of a patient
and be able to make a medical diagnosis.

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• Data that is collected from the patient can be stored remotely. This is
done through Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPRS, 3G, ZigBee or 802.15.4
depending on the application.
• The data is always secure regardless of which mode of communication
you use.
• This is because the platform has several security levels. The
communication link layer has AES128 for ZigBee/802.15.4 and WPA2
for Wi-Fi, while the application layer uses HTTPS (secure) protocol.
• So, logged data is always secure.

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• Pulse sensor
• Heart rate data - designing an exercise routine,
studying your activity or anxiety levels or just want
your shirt to blink with your heart beat.
• The Pulse Sensor Amped is a plug-and-play heart-
rate sensor for Arduino.
• Simply clip the Pulse Sensor to your earlobe or
finger tip and plug it into your 3 *or *5 Volt Arduino

Pulse wave is the change in the volume of a blood vessel that

occurs when the heart pumps blood, and a detector that
monitors this volume change is called a pulse sensor.

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• Oxygen in blood sensor
• Pulse oximetry reading, a small clamp-like device is placed on a finger,
earlobe, or toe.
• Small beams of light pass through the blood in the finger, measuring
the amount of oxygen.
• It does this by measuring changes of light absorption in oxygenated or
deoxygenated blood.

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• How data analytics can be applied from Pulse
oximetry reading
• whether someone needs help breathing
• evaluate how helpful a ventilator is
• monitor oxygen levels during or after surgical procedures
that require sedation
• assess someone’s ability to tolerate increased physical
activity
• evaluate whether someone momentarily stops breathing
while sleeping

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Be Close Elderly monitoring
• Home monitoring systems for the elderly, allowing them to stay at
home even when they may be fragile or lack motility.
• The system consists of a number of motion sensors as well as a
weight pad (to see when they’re sleeping) and a panic button that
notifies the authorities and kin if there’s something wrong.
• Data analytics
• Get an alert if the medicine cabinet hasn’t been opened by a specified time
every day.
• Know instantly if an exterior door is opened at night, or at an unusual time.
• Know if the elder at home isn't moving around their home during the daytime.

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• Fall detection - Alert you if a probable fall occurs
• An alert is triggered when it detects that person has not
moved from high-risk fall areas (such as a stairwell or
restroom) in an unusually long time.
• Motion sensors can work in combination with Contact
sensors affixed to exterior doors/stairs to detect when your
inmate has left that place.

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