CHAPTER 3:

METHODOLOGY
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
RACHAEL CATHERINE P. AGUELO
N.LINA

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF
RELATED LITERATURE

RESEARCH SAMPLING DATA- GATHERING

DESIGNS METHODS PROCEDURES

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
SAMPLING METHODS
NON-PROBABILITY
SAMPLING METHODS

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

1. PURPOSIVE SAMPLING METHOD

 Selection of sample is based on the purposes of the
research.
 The researcher uses his/her judgment in selecting a
sample.
 Must have clear criteria and rationale for inclusion.
 Criteria can be in the forms of scoring structure,
guidelines, and specifications, or based upon
general principles (processed or non-processed).
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

1. Exploring The Lived Experiences Of Eldest Children:

Navigating Family Dynamics, Responsibilities, And
Identity Formation

2. Lived Experiences of Student Boarders Affected by

the Cogon Fire: Trauma, Recovery, and Resilience in
the Aftermath

3. Student- Athletes' Lived Experiences of Physical

Exercise and Cognitive Function
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AS A MEDIUM OF

INSTRUCTION: TEACHERS'
PERSPECTIVES ON LECTURES
Condes, Synt Roger Emmanuel O.
Eamiguel, Bianca Joyce T.
Jusay, Renzulf V.
Lubaton, Samantha Angela C.
Mansamad, John Dave C.
Pitogo, Ian lienard P.
Roylan, Jessie Rey B.

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

PRE- DATA GATHERING QUESTIONNAIRE (CRITERIA)

NAME: DEPARTMENT:
SUBJECT(S) HANDLED:

1. Is the subject you teach relevant to English language?

o Yes
o No
2. How frequent do you use English as a medium instruction?
o Never
o Often
o Always
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

3. Do you and your students achieve comprehension when using

EMI method?
o Never
o Often
o Always
4. Do students raise their concerns that during in your class they
do not understand communicating in English?
o Never
o Often
o Always
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

5. Would you still insist on using the EMI method even if there are
some students with low English proficiency?
o Yes
o No
6. Do you use profound vocabulary during your lessons?
o Never
o Often
o Always
7. Do you think it is more advantageous to use EMI method in
communicating to students?
o Yes
o No
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

8. Should teachers require using English as a

medium of communication?
o Yes
o No

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

2. QUOTA SAMPLING METHOD (NON-PROPORTIONAL)

 Sampling involves looking for respondents with

requisite characteristics.
 Popular in the field of opinion research.
 Relies on the non-random selection of a
predetermined number or proportion of units.
 This is called a quota.

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

STEPS IN QUOTA SAMPLING

(NON-PROPORTIONAL) :

1. Dividing the population into strata.

2. Determining a quota for each stratum.
3. Continuing recruitment until each stratum is
met.

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

1. Gen-Z Consumer Choices in the Digital Age: Perceptions of

Fast-Fashion Products Through a Qualitative Lens

2. Unveiling the Daily Struggles and Lived Experiences of

Parcel Delivery Men: A Qualitative Exploration of the
Courier Industry Challenges

3. The Role of Organizational Culture in ACLC College of

Ormoc Teaching Faculty's Decision-Making and Problem-
Solving Processes: A Case Study of School-Related Event
Chairmanship
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

Gen-Z Consumer Choices in the Digital GEN-Z SUBGROUPS

Age: Perceptions of Fast-Fashion
Products Through a Qualitative Lens • Grade 11
EMPLOYMENT/ • Grade 12
EDUCATIONAL
STATUS • College Students

• Male
GENDER
• Female
• LGBTQ

• 12-15
• 16-19
AGE GROUP
• 20-23
• 24-27

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

GEN- Z STUDENTS • By dividing the population into these

(12-27) subgroups, you can recruit sample
units until you reach you quota for
each stratum. This will help ensure
that your sample is representative
of the population of interest.

• This is to capture the experiences,

consumer interests and behaviors of
Gen-Z students across different
demographics.
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

PARCEL DELIVERY MEN SUBGROUPS

Unveiling the Daily Struggles and Lived
Experiences of Parcel Delivery Men: A
Qualitative Exploration of the Courier
• Urban
Industry Challenges LOCATION • Suburban

• J&T Express
COURIER • Shopee Express
COMPANY • Flash Express
• Ninja Van

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

• By dividing the population into these

subgroups, you can recruit sample
COURIER INDUSTRY units until you reach you quota for
each stratum. This will help ensure
that your sample is representative
of the population of interest.

• This is to capture the experiences

and struggles of parcel delivery men
across different demographics and
companies.
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

3. SNOWBALL SAMPLING METHOD

• Chain-referral sampling: existing subjects

provide referrals to recruit samples required
for a research study.
• Subjects have traits that are rare to find.

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DATA

GATHERING PROCEDURES

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES:

INTERVIEWS
1. Structured Interview- has a set of predetermined
questions that are ready to use. Take note that you
should not ask beyond what is written in your interview
questions.
2. Unstructured Interview- this type of interview is the
opposite of structured interview. You are not required to
make a set of pre-made questions, but rather make an
OUTLINE or what kind of questions you want to ask your
respondents.
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES:

INTERVIEWS
3. Semi-structured Interview- is a mix of structured
and unstructured interview.
You have to prepare a set of questions; however, you
are also free to ask to follow up questions to your
respondents if you want to clarify something or
add information that is not available to you.

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENTS:

QUESTIONNAIRES
1. Closed-ended questionnaires- this type of
questionnaire is similar to a structured interview.
This is mostly used when you want to conduct
surveys on your respondents.
2. Open-ended questionnaires- unlike close-ended
questionnaires, this type of questionnaire leaves a
blank space for the respondents to give their point
of view about a specific question.
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

ENGLISH LANGUAGE AS A MEDIUM OF

INSTRUCTION: TEACHERS'
PERSPECTIVES ON LECTURES
Condes, Synt Roger Emmanuel O.
Eamiguel, Bianca Joyce T.
Jusay, Renzulf V.
Lubaton, Samantha Angela C.
Mansamad, John Dave C.
Pitogo, Ian lienard P.
Roylan, Jessie Rey B.

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

In the context of the Philippine educational system, where

English serves as the primary medium of instruction, the
research on “English Language as a Medium of Instruction:
Teachers’ Perspectives on Lectures” faces several critical
issues that warrant investigation.
The following are the research questions of the study:
1. How do teachers perceive students’ English proficiency and ability
to interact in English during classroom activities?

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

2. What is teachers’ language preference in the classroom

when delivering lectures and conducting discussions?

3. How do teachers view the impact of using English in the

classroom on students’ English proficiency?

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT: INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Perceptions of English Proficiency:
• How do you perceive students' ability to read and understand
English in the classroom?
SOP NO. 1 • In your opinion, how do students interact in English during
classroom activities?

2. Student Engagement:
• How do you perceive students' responses to lectures delivered in
SOP NO. 1 English?
• Do you believe that using English as the medium of instruction
enhances student engagement and participation in classroom
activities?
D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO
 RSCH2111- PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

SOP NO. 2
3. Language Preference:
• What is your language preference in the classroom when delivering
lectures and conducting discussions?
• How do you view the impact of using English as the medium of instruction
on students' English proficiency and overall academic performance?
SOP NO. 3
4. Impact on Learning Outcomes:
• From your perspective, how does the use of English as the medium of
instruction influence students' academic performance and learning
outcomes?
• In what ways do you think English medium instruction contributes to
students' language development and content learning in your subject area?

D.E.M. TEMPLADO
R.C. AGUELO