Outline :

Introduction
Network Security
Basic Components Of Computer Security
Online Security Vs Online Safety
Risks & Threats
Steps to protect information
Steps to protect computer
Ethical Impact
Case study
Statistics about Internet Crime
survey
conclusion
References
 Introduction

What is Computer Security ?

Computer security is a branch of computer

technology known as information security as
applied to computers and networks.

computer security means the protection of

computing systems and the data that they store
or access
 Network Security

Devices, tools, techniques and methodologies

used to secure the network.
The basic component of network security is :
 Firewall .
 Encryption and Decryption : changing plaintext
into ciphertext using key (Encryption). Changing
ciphertext back to plaintext using key
(Decryption).
Two types of encryption : (Symmetric
Encryption, Asymmetric Encryption) .
Symmetric Cipher Model
Public-Key Cryptography
 Basic Components of CS
computer security involves providing appropriate
levels of assurance of

– Availability of computing services and data/information

stored in computing systems

– Confidentiality of data/information stored in computing

systems

– Integrity of computing systems and data/information

stored therein
 Online Security Versus Online Safety

Security: We must
secure our computers
with technology in the
same way that we
secure the doors to
our offices
Safety: We must act
in ways that protect us
against the risks and
threats that come with
Internet use
 Risks and Threats

To Computer Security are :

Virus Hacking
Worm Phishing
Trojan Horse Spoofing
Spyware Denial of Service
Viruses/Worms
Software programs Trojan Horses
designed to invade
your computer, and Viruses that pretend to Spyware
copy, damage or be programs that help
you while destroying Software that secretly
delete your data watches and records
your data and damaging
your computer your online activities
or send you endless
pop-up ads
 Did You Know …

All of these types of attacks are man-made and

intentional.
There is no “natural” or “random” virus.
All of these ride the Internet services you invite in!
Internet services like : ( E-Mail, Peer To Peer
Sharing, Online Gaming, Instant Messaging,
Video and Audio Streaming )
 Viruses

a program or piece of code that is loaded onto

your computer (without your knowledge and
against your wishes), that (generally) replicates
itself and (generally) delivers a payload.

File Infector Virus : attaches itself to a file on the

computer and is executed when that application is
opened.

( 1972 )
 Worms

A self-replicating computer program that uses networks to copy

itself to other computers without user intervention.
 infection by passively receiving object that gets itself
executed.
 Stand-alone.

( 1978 )
 Trojan Horses

Hidden part of some otherwise useful software.

Generally, trojans do not replicate.

Today often on a Web page (Active-X, plugin)

( 1983 )
 Spyware

Application installed, usually without the user’s knowledge,

intercepting or taking partial control for the author’s personal gain

Estimates as high as 90% of Internet connected computers are

infected with spyware.

Unlike a virus does not self-replicate.

 Spyware symptoms

Sluggish PC performance
An increase in pop-up ads
Mysterious new toolbars you can’t delete
Unexplained changes to homepage settings
Puzzling search results
Frequent computer crashes
 How does PC get infected ?

Through CDs, DVDs, Floppy Disk, and Flash Memory

Accepting without reading
Opening e-mail attachments
Not running the latest updates
Pirating software, music, movies
No anti-virus spyware scanner
 Steps To Protect Information

Practice Internet behavior that lowers your risk

Manage your business information carefully

Use technology to reduce nuisances

Raise the alarm when appropriate

Delete Spam without Opening It

Never reply to spam

Technology can help you
identify spam so you can
delete it
Many Internet providers
delete it for you
 Use Strong Passwords

Keep passwords private and

create ones that are hard
to “crack”
Never share your passwords
with friends or be tricked into
giving them away
 Steps To Protect Computer

Turn on an Internet firewall

Keep your operating system up to date

Install and maintain antivirus software

Install and maintain antispyware software

Turn on an Internet Firewall

An Internet firewall
is like a moat around
a castle, creating a
barrier between
your computer and
the Internet
 Keep Your System Updated

Install all security

updates as soon as
they are available
Automatic updates
provide the best
protection
 Install Antivirus Software

Antivirus software can

detect and destroy
computer viruses
before they can cause
damage
Just like flu shots, for
antivirus software to
be effective, you must
Don’t let it expire keep it up to date
Example
Install & Maintain Antispyware Software

Use antispyware
software so unknown
people cannot lurk
on your computer
and potentially steal
your information
 Other Ways to Protect Your PC
- Back up your files regularly

- Read website privacy statements

- Install Spyware Blaster

- Practice safe E-mail

- Close pop-ups using red

“X”
- Update your Application

- Lock your screen

Back Up Your Files

Save to CD
or DVD
Use a Web-based
backup service
 Practice Safe E-Mail

Don’t open e-mail attachments unless you

know what they contain and who sent them

Attachment ends with a .exe, .com, .bat,

do not open the attachment unless you
know for a fact that it is clean.

Don’t open, forward, or reply to suspicious

e-mails

Delete spam
Close Pop-ups Using Red “X”

Always use the red

“X” in the corner of
a pop-up screen
Never click “yes,”
“accept” or even
“cancel”, because it
could be a trick that
installs software on
your PC
 Install Spyware Blaster

Spyware Blaster will added a large list of

programs and sites into your Internet
Explorer settings that will protect you from
running and downloading known malicious
programs.
Lock Your Screen

Locking your laptop

or workstation while
away from it is good
security sense.
Use a password to start
up or wake-up your
computer.
 Update Your Application

It is also possible for other programs on your computer

to have security vulnerability that can allow malware to
infect you. Therefore, it is also a good idea to check for
the latest versions of commonly installed applications
that are regularly patched to fix vulnerabilities.
 Ethical Impact
Question: should schools offer a
course that teaches students how to
hack systems, why?
Violating intellectual property : By
 Software piracy (cracking).

.
Hacking others’ devices and stolen their effort

Computer security reduce this

violating.
 Ethical Impact(cont)
Many people used a cracked SW and
claim that they want to test it before
they buy it (is that true , why ?)
Other people said : why we have to pay
money while these cracked SW is free?
( is that true , why ?)
 Ethical Impact(cont)
Violating privacy : hacking other
computers will violate the privacy and
making hacker see what he is not
suppose to see .
 Case Study (1) : About Phishing

example of a phishing published in the Washington Post (2004 ). Story of

William Jackson from Katy, Texas. Jackson received e-mail from what
appeared to be ( PayPal ) payment offices.
The e-mail warned him that his account would be suspended until he
updated it with financial information. The e-mail provided a link for Jackson
to the website where he could update his information. He entered in credit
card numbers, bank numbers, social security numbers and other personal
identification information.
The website ended up being fraudulent and Jackson lost several hundred
dollars. William Jackson could have lost much more money as a result of the
Phishing website he had entered.
Case Study (2) : About Spyware

In March ( 2005 ), British police foiled a plot to steal £220

million from ( Sumitomo Mitsui Bank ) in London.
Cybercriminals had compromised the bank’s computer
systems and secretly deployed a keylogger program that
was perhaps part of a Trojan horse. The spyware relayed
password and access information to the criminals, who
intended to transfer the funds electronically. A man in Israel
was arrested after allegedly trying to transfer £13.9 million
into an Israeli account.
 Statistics about Internet Crime

This statistic is done in USA, that include many types of crime,

such as auction fraud, spam, credit card fraud and so on.
Survey
Survey(cont)
Survey(cont)
Survey(cont)
 Conclusion

Now that you have completed this web quest on

Computer Security you are now aware of the
possible security treats to computer systems. Not
only that, but you are now better able to protect
your computers as well as recommend security
measures to others
 References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_security

http://www.clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2008/7/23/99177.html

http://its.ucsc.edu/security_awareness/intro.pdf

http://nurseweb.ucsf.edu/public/07fa-computer-security.ppt

http://www.acsac.org/secshelf/book001/02.pdf
Thank You For Listening

Any Question ?