UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science & Engineering)
Subject Name: Cloud Computing & Distributed Systems
Subject Code: 21CST-378/21ITT-378

DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

 Cloud Computing & Distributed Systems
Course Outcomes
CO1: Understanding of various paradigm of cloud computing
and distributed systems.
CO2: Articulate the basic concepts, key technologies,
strength and limitation of cloud computing and possible
applications.
CO3: Appraise the architecture and infrastructure of cloud
computing including SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, UCaaS/FaaS public
cloud, private cloud and hybrid cloud.
CO4: Interpret various data, scalability, security and cloud
services to acquire efficient database for cloud storage.
CO5: Develop the appropriate cloud computing solutions
and recommendations according to the application used.
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Cloud Computing &
Distributed Systems

Contents
1. Types of virtualization in
cloud computing
2. Tools and Products available
for Virtualization
3. Seven step model of
migration into a cloud
4. Broad approaches to
migrating into the cloud
5. Enterprise cloud computing
paradigm.

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Cloud Computing & Distributed Systems

UNIT 2
CLOUD INFRASTRCTURE AND SERVICES

CHAPTER 4
VIRTUALIZATION AND CLOUD MIGRATION

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 Types of virtualization in cloud computing (CO-4)

Virtualization is a technique how to separate a service from the underlying physical delivery of
that service. It is the process of creating a virtual version of something like computer hardware. It
was initially developed during the mainframe era. It involves using specialized software to create a
virtual or software-created version of a computing resource rather than the actual version of the
same resource. With the help of Virtualization, multiple operating systems and applications can
run on the same machine and its same hardware at the same time, increasing the utilization and
flexibility of hardware.
In other words, one of the main cost-effective, hardware-reducing, and energy-saving techniques
used by cloud providers is Virtualization. Virtualization allows sharing of a single physical instance
of a resource or an application among multiple customers and organizations at one time. It does
this by assigning a logical name to physical storage and providing a pointer to that physical
resource on demand. The term virtualization is often synonymous with hardware virtualization,
which plays a fundamental role in efficiently delivering Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) solutions
for cloud computing. Moreover, virtualization technologies provide a virtual environment for not
only executing applications but also for storage, memory, and networking. 5
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Types of Virtualization
1. Application Virtualization
2. Network Virtualization
3. Desktop Virtualization
4. Storage Virtualization
5. Server Virtualization
6. Data virtualization

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1. Application Virtualization: Application virtualization helps a user to have remote
access to an application from a server. The server stores all personal information and
other characteristics of the application but can still run on a local workstation through
the internet. An example of this would be a user who needs to run two different
versions of the same software. Technologies that use application virtualization are
hosted applications and packaged applications.

2. Network Virtualization: The ability to run multiple virtual networks with each having a
separate control and data plan. It co-exists together on top of one physical network. It
can be managed by individual parties that are potentially confidential to each other.
Network virtualization provides a facility to create and provision virtual networks, logical
switches, routers, firewalls, load balancers, Virtual Private Networks (VPN), and
workload security within days or even weeks.

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3. Desktop Virtualization: Desktop virtualization allows the users’ OS to be remotely stored on a server
in the data center. It allows the user to access their desktop virtually, from any location by a different
machine. Users who want specific operating systems other than Windows Server will need to have a
virtual desktop. The main benefits of desktop virtualization are user mobility, portability, and easy
management of software installation, updates, and patches.

4. Storage Virtualization: Storage virtualization is an array of servers that are managed by a virtual
storage system. The servers aren’t aware of exactly where their data is stored and instead function more
like worker bees in a hive. It makes managing storage from multiple sources be managed and utilized as
a single repository. storage virtualization software maintains smooth operations, consistent
performance, and a continuous suite of advanced functions despite changes, breaks down, and
differences in the underlying equipment.

5. Server Virtualization: This is a kind of virtualization in which the masking of server resources takes
place. Here, the central server (physical server) is divided into multiple different virtual servers by
changing the identity number, and processors. So, each system can operate its operating systems in an
isolated manner. Where each sub-server knows the identity of the central server. It causes an increase in
performance and reduces the operating cost by the deployment of main server resources into a sub-
server resource. It’s beneficial in virtual migration, reducing energy consumption, reducing
infrastructural costs, etc.
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6. Data Virtualization: This is the kind of virtualization in which the data is
collected from various sources and managed at a single place without knowing
more about the technical information like how data is collected, stored &
formatted then arranged that data logically so that its virtual view can be
accessed by its interested people and stakeholders, and users through the
various cloud services remotely. Many big giant companies are providing their
services like Oracle, IBM, At scale, Cdata, etc.

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Uses of Virtualization

1. Data-integration
2. Business-integration
3. Service-oriented architecture data-services
4. Searching organizational data

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 Summary
Cloud virtualization and cloud migration are integral components of cloud computing, offering
organizations enhanced flexibility and efficiency in managing their IT infrastructure. Cloud
virtualization involves the abstraction of computing resources, such as servers, storage, and
networks, allowing them to be utilized in a more dynamic and scalable manner. This abstraction
is typically achieved through virtualization technologies, enabling the creation of virtual
machines and virtual networks. Cloud migration, on the other hand, refers to the process of
transferring applications, data, and workloads from on-premises environments to the cloud. It
enables organizations to leverage the benefits of the cloud, such as on-demand scalability and
cost savings. Both cloud virtualization and migration play key roles in modernizing IT operations,
optimizing resource utilization, and facilitating the adoption of cloud services. Successful
implementation requires careful planning, considering factors such as security, compliance, and
application dependencies, to ensure a seamless transition and maximize the advantages offered
by the cloud.

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 QUIZ

1. What is cloud virtualization?

a. The process of moving data to the cloud b. The abstraction of computing resources to create virtual
instances
c. The management of cloud security d. The development of cloud-native applications
2. Which technology is commonly used for server virtualization in cloud environments?
a. Docker b. Kubernetes c. Hypervisor d. API
3. What is the purpose of cloud virtualization?
a. To increase data storage costs b. To centralize network management
c. To improve resource utilization and scalability d. To limit access to cloud services
4. Which of the following is a benefit of server virtualization in the cloud?
a. Increased physical server count b. Reduced hardware costs c. Decreased network latencyd. Limited flexibility in
resource allocation
5. What does a hypervisor do in the context of cloud virtualization?
b. Manages network security b. Provides APIs for cloud services
c. Creates and manages virtual machines d. Monitors cloud billing and usage
6. Which type of virtualization allows multiple operating systems to share the same hardware simultaneously?
a. Storage virtualization b. Network virtualization c. Application virtualization d. Server virtualization
7. In cloud virtualization, what is the role of a virtual machine (VM)?
c. Manages cloud billing and invoicing b. Represents a physical server in the cloud
c. Executes applications and runs an operating system d. Provides a secure connection to the cloud 17
 REFERENCES
TEXT BOOKS
1. Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach by Toby Velte, Anthony Velte, Robert C. Elsenpeter, McGraw Hill Professional, 22 Oct 2009
2. Buyya, Rajkumar, James Broberg, and Andrzej M. Goscinski, eds. Cloud computing: Principles and paradigms. Vol. 87. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
3. Miller, Michael. Cloud computing: Web-based applications that change the way you work and collaborate online. Que publishing, 2008.
4. Hurwitz, Judith S., et al. Cloud computing for dummies. John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
5. Kris Jamsa. Cloud Computing: SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, Virtualization, Business Models, Mobile, Security and more, Jones &Bartlet Learning Company LC, 20012
REFRENCE BOOKS
1. G. Pfister. In Search of Clusters. Prentice Hall PTR, NJ, 2nd Edition, NJ, 1998.
2. Cloud Computing: Implementation, Management, and Security, by John Rittinghouse and James F.Ransome, CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group
3. Joshy Joseph and Craig Fellenstein, Grid Computing, Person Edition, (2004).
4. Maozhen Li, Mark Baker, “The Grid Core Technologies”, John Wiley & Sons (2005).
5. Cloud Computing: A Practical Approach for Learning and Implementation Paperback – 1 January 2014 by Srinivasan, Pearson Education
Video Links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A3FPxuKlnkU&list=PLFW6lRTa1g82dte3YD_7-GoZXcBiK6K9G
Web Links
1. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-is-a-distributed-system/
2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-cloud-computing-and-distributed-computing/
3. https://www.ibm.com/topics/distributed-cloud
4. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/cloud-computing/
5. https://learn.rumie.org/jR/bytes/learn-the-basics-of-cloud-computing-in-3-minutes/?
utm_source=bing&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=RumieLearn-Bytes%20%28non-NA%29&utm_term=cloud%20computing&utm_content=TS 18
%20-%20Computing%20In%20Cloud%20Computing
THANK YOU