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Lecture10 24august CAP202

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21 views15 pages

Lecture10 24august CAP202

Uploaded by

suriraghav2003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Functions and input/output

streams
Outline
• Creating User Defined Functions
• Functions With Default Arguments
• Inline Functions
What is function????
• Function is a self contained block of
statements that perform a coherent task of
some kind.
• Every C++ program can be a thought of the
collection of functions.
• main( ) is also a function.
Types of Functions.

• Library functions
– These are the in- -built functions of ‘C++ ’library.
– These are already defined in header files.
• User defined functions.
– Programmer can create their own function in C++
to perform specific task
Why use function?

• Writing functions avoids rewriting of the same


code again and again in the program.
• Using function large programs can be reduced
to smaller ones. It is easy to debug and find
out the errors in it.
• Using a function it becomes easier to write
program to keep track of what they are doing.
//Function Declaration
retn_type func_name(data_type 1,data_type par2);

//Function Defination
rent_type func_name(data_type par1,data_type par2)
{
// body of the function
}

//Function Call
func_name(par1,par2);
Function prototype
• A prototype statement helps the compiler to
check the return type and arguments type of
the function.
• A prototype function consist of the functions
return type, name and argument list.
• Example
– int sum( int x, int y);
Example
#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

void sum(int, int); // function declaration

int main()
{
int a, b;
cout << "Enter the two numbers: ";
cin >> a >> b;
sum(a, b); // function calling
cin.get(); // or use cin.get() to pause the program
return 0;
}

void sum(int x, int y) // function definition


{
int c = x + y;
cout << "Sum is: " << c << endl;
}
#include<iostream.h>
int sum(int, int);
void main()
{
int a=10,b=20;
int c=sum(a,b); /*actual arguments
cout<<“sum is” << c;
getch();
}
int sum(int x, int y) /*formal arguments
{
int s;
s=x+y;
return(s); /*return value
}
Categories of functions
A function with no parameter and no return value
A function with parameter and no return value
A function with parameter and return value
A function without parameter and return value
A function with no parameter and no return value
#include<iostream.h>
void print();
void main()
{
cout<<“no parameter and no return value”;
print(); /*func calling
getch();
}
void print() /*func defination
{
For(int i=1;i<=30;i++)
{
cout<<“*”;
}
Cout<<“\n”;
}
A function with no parameter and no return value

• There is no data transfer between calling and


called function
• The function is only executed and nothing is
obtained
• Such functions may be used to print some
messages, draw stars etc
A function with parameter and no return value

#include<iostream.h>
void mul(int,int);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a=10,b=20;
mul(a,b); /*actual arguments
getch();
}
void mul(int x, int y) /*formal arguments
{
int s;
s=x*y;
Cout<<“mul is” << s;
}
A function with parameter and return value
#include<iostream.h>
int max(int,int);
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a=10,b=20,c;
c=max(a,b);
cout<<“greatest no is” <<c;
getch();
}
int max(int x, int y)
{
if(x>y)
return(x);
else
{
return(y);
}
}
A function without parameter and return value

#include<iostream.h>
int sum();
void main()
{
clrscr();
int a=10,b=20;

int c=sum(); /*actual arguments


Cout<<“sum is”<< c;
getch();
}
int sum() /*formal arguments
{
int x=10,y=20;
return(x+y); /*return value
}

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