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CMOS Realization

The document provides an introduction to MOSFETs including their basic structure and operation, how nMOS and pMOS transistors differ, and how they can be combined to build basic logic gates like CMOS NAND and NOR gates. It also discusses how more complex logic functions can be implemented using compound gates built from combinations of these basic gates.

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40 views15 pages

CMOS Realization

The document provides an introduction to MOSFETs including their basic structure and operation, how nMOS and pMOS transistors differ, and how they can be combined to build basic logic gates like CMOS NAND and NOR gates. It also discusses how more complex logic functions can be implemented using compound gates built from combinations of these basic gates.

Uploaded by

ST
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to MOSFET

• MOSFET is a basic building block in the design of VLSI


circuits
• Field effect /voltage controlled device
• Simple gate drive
• Simpler topology results in higher packaging density
• High input impedance => Low power operation
nMOS
Four terminals: gate, source, drain, body
Gate – oxide – body stack looks like a capacitor
• Gate and body are conductors
• SiO2 (oxide) is a very good insulator
• Called metal – oxide – semiconductor (MOS) capacitor
• Even though gate is no longer made of metal*
Source Gate Drain
Polysilicon
SiO2

n+ n+
Body
p bulk Si
pMOS
Similar, but doping and voltages reversed
• Body tied to high voltage (VDD)
• Gate low: transistor ON
• Gate high: transistor OFF
• Bubble indicates inverted behavior
Source Gate Drain
Polysilicon
SiO2

p+ p+

n bulk Si
Basic gates
Transistors Symbol

nMOS – Strong 0 / Weak 1


pMOS – Strong 1 / Weak 0
CMOS Logic
CMOS Logic
Series and Parallel Transistors
CMOS NAND
CMOS NOR
Compound Gates

CMOS Combinational Logic


• use DeMorgan relations to reduce functions
• remove all NAND/NOR operations
• implement nMOS network
• create pMOS by complementing operations
• AOI/OAI Structured Logic
• XOR/XNOR using structured logic
Compound Gates
Compound Gates
Compound Gates
Sketch a static CMOS gate computing Y = (A + B + C) · D
Compound Gates
Sketch a static CMOS gate computing Y = (A + B + C) · D
Thank You

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