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    Jhaz Kiwas

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    Reproduction

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    Jhaz Kiwas
    5 views17 pages

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    5 views17 pages

    Reproduction

    Uploaded by

    Jhaz Kiwas

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    REPRODUCTION

    https://www.madison-schools.com/cms/lib/
    MS01001041/Centricity/Domain/1139/
    asexual_and_sexual_reproduction.ppt
    Sexual vs Asexual
    • Asexual Reproduction • Sexual Reproduction
    – involves only 1 parent – involves 2 parents
    – offspring genetically – offspring genetic mix
    identical to parent of both parents
    – involves regular body – involves specialized
    cells sex cells
    – its quick – its slow
    Asexual Reproduction
    • Binary fission
    – happens in bacteria, amoeba, some algae
    – one parent cell splits into 2 identical daughter
    cells
    • Budding
    – happens in yeast, hydra, corals
    – parent produces a bud
    – bud gets detached and develops into offspring
    which is identical to parent
    Binary Fission

    Rod-Shaped Bacterium,
    hemorrhagic E. coli

    2 daughter cells are identical to parent


    Budding
    Asexual Reproduction contd.
    • Spore Formation
    – happens in fungi, green algae, moulds and
    non flowering plants (e.g. ferns)
    – spores are produced and each spore
    develops into offspring which are identical to
    parent
    • Vegetative Reproduction
    – does not involve seeds
    – some offspring can grow from cuttings (e.g.
    coleus), runners (e.g. strawberries), tubers
    (e.g. potatoes) or bulbs (e.g. tulips)… which
    are part of the parent plant
    Spore Formation
    Fern

    Fungi
    Vegetative
    Reproduction
    Asexual Reproduction
    • Regeneration-a piece of a parent is
    detached, it can grow and develop into a
    completely new individual.
    Asexual Reproduction
    • Parthenogenesis involves the development of
    an egg that has not been fertilized into an
    individual.

    • Animals like most kinds of wasps, bees, and


    ants that have no sex chromosomes reproduce
    by this process. Some reptiles and fish are also
    capable of reproducing in this manner.
    Sexual Reproduction in Animals
    • involves specialized sex cells called gametes
    • the union of a male and female gamete results in
    the formation of a zygote that develops into a
    new individual
    Sexual
    Reproduction in
    Plants
    Female Parts

    Male Parts

    (Pistil)

    pollen (male) + ovule (female) → single-celled zygote → multi-celled


    embryo (contained in a seed) → new individual
    Sexual Reproduction in Plants
    • stamen is the male part and contains
    pollen
    • carpels or pistil is the female part and
    contains ovule (eggs)
    • pollen grains from the anther are
    transferred to the stigma by the process of
    pollination
    – self pollination (plant pollinates its own eggs)
    – cross pollination (pollen from one plant
    pollinates another plants eggs)
    Pollination
    • flowers are designed to lure insects to help
    with the pollination process
    – also wind, animals, birds can transport pollen
    Sexual Reproduction Summary
    Male Female Type of Result of Final
    Gamete Gamete Union Union Result

    Plants pollen ovule pollination single cell multi-cell


    (egg) zygote embryo
    (in seed)

    Animals sperm egg fertilization single cell multi-cell


    zygote embryo
    Some Organisms do Both
    • most plants that produce seeds (sexual
    reproduction) can also reproduce
    asexually by things like cuttings or runners
    • this gives them an advantage for survival

    sponges and hydra mosses


    Which is Better?
    It depends!

    Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction


    • advantages • advantages
    – does not require special – lots of variation within a
    cells or a lot of energy species
    – can produce offspring – able to live in a variety
    quickly of environmental
    – in a stable environment settings
    creates large, thriving – able to adapt to changes
    population in the environment
    • disadvantages • disadvantages
    – limited ability to adapt – needs time & energy
    – face massive die-off if – produce small
    environment changes populations

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