Disease Prevention and Control

Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 32

DISEASE PREVENTION AND

CONTROL OF
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
AT THE END OF THE SESSION, THE LEARNER SHOULD BE ABLE
TO:

Discuss the common communicable diseases


Apply prevention and control skills to avoid acquiring
communicable diseases
Appreciate the importance of being health conscious and being
vigilant against communicable diseases through health practices
to sustain life and promote wellness
READ, ANALYZE, AND REACT

One summer, my family went to Ilocos for


our yearly summer vacation. One night my
daughter had a fever, so I gave her
medicine to lower the fever. In the morning, I
saw that rashes have appeared on her arms
so I suspected measles. I had her occupy
another room where she was alone to
prevent cross-infections.
After breakfast, my late mother-in-law
brought my daughter out at the backyard
and started scattering some rice while
talking indistinctively. She got some soil
near a tree where my daughter played and
rubs it on my daughter’s arms, face, and
feet. She said that she did that because my
daughter might have disturbed some spirits
in the backyard when she played there.
1. Are the rashes a result of some disturbed spirit?
2. Can playing at the backyard harm some spirits?
3. Will scattering some rice around help heal the rashes?
4. Does rubbing the soil in the arms, face, & feet heal the
rashes?
5. What can you say about the story?
6. Do you agree with the belief of the mother-in-law? Why
or why not?
7. If you were the mother-in-law, what should you do?
ACTIVITY 1: HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW THE NATURE OF DISEASES?

1. Organisms like bacteria and viruses are all over the


environment.
2. Many of the most common diseases are caused by tiny
microorganisms called pathogens.
3. Communicable diseases come from one infected person
to another.
4. Stomach ache is one symptom that can be manifested
by a communicable disease.
5. Viral hepatitis is caused by a virus that affects the liver.
6. Rabies virus can enter only the brain cells while
polio virus attacks only the nervous system.
7. Malaria is a sickness caused by a carrier
mosquito.
8. Pinworms hatch and live primarily in the intestines
of a person.
9. Stagnant water is a reservoir for mosquitos to
multiply.
10. of pathogens to invade its host through certain
points of entry to cause morbidity.
WHAT IS THE DISEASE?

A disorder of structure or function in a


human, animal, or plant, especially one that
has a known cause and a distinctive group
of symptoms, signs,or anatomical changes.
A disease is a particular abnormal condition
that negatively affects the structure or
function of all or part of an organism, and
that is not immediately due to any external
injury. Diseases are often known to be
medical conditions that are associated
with specific signs and symptoms.
PREVENTION AND CONTROL
the action of stopping something from
happening or arising.
the power to influence or direct people's
behavior or the course of events.
COMMUNICABLE
capable of being transmitted from
person to person, animal to animal,
animal to human, or human to animal
COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES
are illnesses sourced from pathogens
which spread from living things to another.
Pathogens enter the body through direct or
indirect contact causing illness like
influenza.
PATHOGEN
is a biological agent that causes disease
or illness to its host. Pathogens are
organisms, frequently microorganisms, or
components of these organisms which
include various species of bacteria,
viruses, and protozoa.
TYPES OF PATHOGEN:
Bacteria
-single-celled microorganisms
-most are beneficial but close to a hundred types are
known to cause disease.
-some release poisonous substance.
Diseases: Tuberculosis, strep throat, diphtheria,
whooping cough, pneumonia, meningococcemia,
anthrax, syphilis, meningitis, cholera
Virus
-smallest known pathogen infecting cells of
biological organisms.
-unable to reproduce on their own, it replicates
through infecting host cells.
Diseases: common colds, measles, rabies,
polio, mumps, influenza, severe acute
respiratory system (SARS), Bird Flu, hepatitis,
chicken pox, HIV.
Fungi
-single or multi-celled parasitic organisms which
can live on skin, mucous membranes and lungs.
-obtain food from organic materials such as
plants,
animals, or human tissue.
Diseases: Athlete’s foot, ring worm and tinea
flava or an-an.
Rickettsia
-grows inside living cells and
resembles bacteria.
-carried as parasites by ticks, fleas,
and lies.
Diseases: Typhus, spotted fever, rocky
mountain
Protozoa
- Tiny single-celled organisms producing
toxins.
-reproduce fast through sexual and
asexual ways.
Diseases: Malaria, amoebiasis, African
sleeping sickness, giardiasis.
Parasitic Worm
-also called helminths.
-largest pathogens that can enter the human
body.
-worm like organisms living and feeding in living
hosts while disrupting the nutrients absorption of
their host, causing weakness and disease.
Diseases: Tapeworm, hookworm, pinworm,
roundworm, filariasis.
CHAIN OF INFECTION
a. Causative Agent/Infectious Agent
-A microbial organism with the ability to cause
disease. Infectious agents are bacteria, virus, fungi
andparasites.
b. Reservoir
-A place where microorganisms can thrive and
reproduce. Microorganisms thrive in human beings,
animals and inanimate objects such as water, table
tops and doorknobs.
c. Portal of Exits
-Place of Exit providing a way for a
microorganism to leave the reservoir.
Microorganisms may leave the reservoir
through the nose or mouth when someone
sneezes or coughs. Microorganisms,
carried away from the body by feces, may
also leave the reservoir of an infected
bowel.
d. Mode of Transmission
-The method of transfer by which the
organism moves or carried from one
place to another or from the reservoir
to susceptible hosts.
e. Portal of Entry
-Any opening allowing the
microorganisms to enter the host. It is
within the same system of portals of
exits like digestive to digestive,
respiratory to respiratory, and
reproductive to reproductive.
f. Susceptible Host
-An individual who cannot resist a
microorganism invading the body,
multiplying and resulting in
infection.
APPLICATION
Make a short film showing of being health
concious and being vigilant againts
communicable diseases through health practices.
you can have 2-3 mins video presentation.

You might also like