I figure whose properties these are.

Whose properties theses are, I figure.

SYNTAX

- The arrangement of words and phrases

to create well-formed sentences in a language.
SYNTACTIC CATEGORIES
1)Noun
- Anything that names a concrete
object person place thing and animal or
an abstract idea feeling and sentiments.
Proper noun
- specific names
Common noun
- common name given in every person, things, place, and event
Abstract noun
- a noun denoting an idea, quality, and state
Compound noun
- two or more words written in one word
Collective noun
- sort or group of people, animals, and things
Derived noun
- word or things that has been developed or produced from another
word
One noun can be under two or more classifications:

Example.
Philippines (proper) Curiosity (abstract,
derived)
Country (common) Book (common,
concrete)
Anxiety (abstract) Swarms of ants
(collective, concrete,
no-count)
Real Estate (abstract, compound)
2)Pronoun
-Used as substitutes for nouns or noun
phrases and whose referents are named or
understood in the context
Example:
Jane is here.
She is here.

The man drives his car every day.

He drives his car every day.

This prize will be awarded to Jane.

This prize will be awarded to her.
Nouns and Pronouns

- Carrry number no functions in the

sentence this includes cases renounce
function as a subject and the objective case
now is function as objects and the positive
case now shows ownership
 Example
Jack invites Marie to dinner.
(nominative case)

Jack invite Marie to dinner.

(objective case)

Jack’s mother invite Marie to dinner.

3) Verb
- Denotes activities, whether they are
action words or words or being.
Main verbs
– Action verbs while the rest will either link or function as an
auxiliary and act as helping verb.
Helping verbs
- used along with the main verb to express tense, mood or voice.
Be-verbs
-Includes is, am, are, was, and, were.
Do-verbs
- do, did, does
Have-verbs
- has, have, had
Modals
Participial Verbs
-a verbal, or a word based off of a verb that
expresses a state of being, ending in –ing (present
tense) or –ed, -en, -d, -t, -n, or –ne (past tense) that
functions as an adjective. This means it needs to
modify (or describe) a noun or a pronoun.
Example:

write (main verb, base-form, used in plural subject)

write (main verb, s-form, used in singular subject)
is writing (be verb paired with present participle)
is written (be verb paired with past participle)
will write (modal paired with main-verb in base form)
do write (do verb paired with main –verb in base form)
have written ( have-verb paired with past participle)
4) Adjective
-modifiers of nouns or pronouns
Examples:
Jane is creative (adjective complementing the noun
“Jane”)

creative woman (adjective directly modifying the word

“woman”)

a very creative woman (article and verb, adjective all

modifying the
“woman”)
5) Adverb
is a syntactic category or a word that
-it
modify an adjective a verb or another adverb
Examples:

very lightly (adverb modifying adverb)

speak slowly (adverb modifying verb)
Hardly gentle (adverb modifying an
adjective)
6) Preposition
- Syntactic category that states the location.

Examples:
in the room (inside)
between subject and verb (in the middle of two
elements)
over the moon (way above)
at the pool (somewhat near the pool)
 7) Conjunction
- connectors that link the words, phrases, or clauses

Classified into three:

coordinating – connect two or more nouns, pronouns, verbs,
adjectives, adverb, and prepositions
subordinating- connects subordinate clauses to independent clauses
correlating – it connects words in the same situation in a sentence
Examples:

Take it or leave it. (coordinating)

Neither I nor John will follow you.
(correlating)
I will go when you go. (subordinating)
We are the bread and butter of this company.
(coordinating)
8) Interjection

- Words or phrase that express

feelings reactions exclamations in
greeting.
Examples:
Wow, Hurrah, Alas, Ouch, Oops, Aha,
Yahoo, Eww.
9) Article
-Words that precedes a noun or noun modifier.

Examples: “The” is used to specify a particular

noun.
the chair (article + noun)
the small chair (article + modifier + noun)
That was the Merriam you always talk about
(article + proper noun)
“A” is used generally in singular noun or a noun
descriptor that begin with a consonant letters. It is
used when the noun is noun is not specified.

Examples:
a man (article+ non-specific noun)
a tall man (article+ modifier+ non-specific
noun)
A man just passed by (article + non-specific noun)
“An” is used in a singular noun or a noun descriptor that begins with a
vowel letter. It is also used when the noun is not specified.

Examples:
an apple (article “an” + noun that begins with a vowel letter)
a sweet apple (article “a” + modifier that begins with a consonant
letter)
an amazing-looking apple (article “a” + modifier that begin with a
vowel letter)
SYNTACTIC UNIT
- unit or form of syntax that includes words, phrases, clauses, and
sentences.

Words
- It is a basic meaningful unit of speech or writing.
Examples:
analyze (free morpheme)
my (free morpheme)
this (free morpheme)
grateful (free + bound morpheme)
life (free morpheme)
consciousness (free + bound morpheme)
Phrase
- series of words that do not contribute a complete thought.

Noun phrase
- It is a syntactic unit which consists of single modifier and
noun or a series of modifiers the head of which is the noun.
Examples:
A bird (determiner + noun)
A beautiful bird (determiner+adjective+noun)
A very beautiful bird ( determiner + adverb + adjective + noun)
Verb phrase
syntactic unit which starts with a verb and all
the cluster of words that follow, a verb phrase
function as a predicate of the subject.

Examples:
She sings
She sings a beautiful song
She sings with grace
She is singing in front of the audience
Adjective phrase
- syntacticunit consisting of an adjective and all the
cluster words around it that modifies a noun or pronoun
Examples:
The show was not so awful.
She was extremely surprised by the gift.
Your style is very interesting.
You are nothing but awesome.
Adverbial phrase
-syntactic unit structure that is composed of
adverbs and all the classroom words around
functioning as one unit in describing a verb
adjective or adverb

Examples:
He is speaking so loudly.
I tried to explain it quickly.
You talk very convincingly.
Prepositional phrase
- Syntactic unit structure that starts with a
preposition and ends with a noun.

Examples:
He stays in his room. I keep it in my pocket.
I read it on the post.
Conjunctional phrase
- Syntacticunit structure that conducts the function
of conjunction.

Examples:
Jessa is not only fashionable but also elegant.
Neither I nor he drinks alcohol.
We will start the program as soon as everyone
comes.
Interjectional phrase
- syntactic structure that functions as interjections
include statements that express emotions, greetings,
hesitations, etc.

Examples:
My goodness!
Oh no!
Thank God!
Clause
-It is series of language that contain is subject and verb
phrase.
Interdependent Clauses
- clauses found in simple or compound sentences.
Examples:
He ran fast.
He is a man and she is a woman.
I am finishing my work.
Dependent Clauses
-are clauses that cannot stand on their own and need another
clause to be complete.

Example:
He ran so fast, so he will not be caught.
She is the woman whom made a promise to.
I was finishing my work when you arrived.
Sentence
-syntactic unit that is made up of a word or phrases that makes
a complete thought. Sentence could be declarative,
interrogative,, imperative, and exclamatory.

Examples:
The sun rises in the east and sets at the west. (Declarative)
Where does the sun set? (Interrogative)
Wake up the sun is rising. (Imperative)
It is so hot today! Get inside ( Exclamatory)
Simple Sentence
- consist of single subject and a single verb phrase
Example:
Cherry reads about language.
S+VP
Compound Sentence
- consist of two subjects and two verbs usually joined
by coordinating conjunction.
Example:
Cherry reads about language and Jack studies about
literature.
Complex Sentence
- consist of one dependent and one independent
clause usually joined by subordinating conjunction.
Example:
Although Cherry reads about language, she could
not make sense all of it.
conjunction+ S+ VP S+ VP
(dependent)
Compound-complex
- sentencescomprises one dependent clause and
two independent clauses
Examples:
Cherry reads about language but Jack does not
because he doesn’t like.
S+VP conjunction+
S+VP Conjunction+ S+VP reading