PHD Presentation, Communication

COMMUNICATION
Sadaf Qureshi
BDS 4th prof.
Submitted to: Dr. Sasmita
Dallai.
• Communication is defined as a two way process of exchanging
or shaping of ideas, feelings and information to bring about
desirable changes in human behavior.
• Communication is essentially the transfer of ideas, message or
information from one person to another.
• Communication is like a two- way street, which entails the
relation between the sender and the receiver.
• In this process, a cycle of communicating messages is formed
between the sender and the receiver.
• COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATION
• SENDER
RECEIVER
MESSAGE
CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION
FEEDBACK
SENDER:
He is the originator of the message.
His objectives should be clear.
He should know the interest and needs of his audience
He should know the message.
He should know the channels of communication.
• RECEIVER:
• The audience may be a single person or a group.
• Two types of audiences are:
• Controlled
• Uncontrolled
Controlled
It is held together by a common interest.
It is a homogenous group.
Example, a group of school children in a school.
UNCONTROLLED
It is a group which has gathered together because of curiosity.
Example, an audience of a street play in a busy road. People gather
around out of curiosity.
MESSAGE:
It is the information transmitted by the sender to the receiver.
A good message must have:
Objective
Clear and understandable
Accurate
Timely and adequate
Intresting
CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION:
It is the mode of communication used to tramsmit information from sender to
receiver.
The media choosen should
- be efficient in transmitting the message.
- Attractive to the audience.
-Easily understandable by the people.
The most common channel of communication is face – to – face
communication.
T.v, radio and folk media like folk songs, dramas.
• FEEDBACK:
• It is the flow of information from receive / audience to the sender.
• It provides an opportunity to modify the message.
• Examples, opinion polls,Questionnaire.
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:
ONE WAY AND TWO WAY COMMUNICATION:

One way communication( Didactic) :
- it is a type of communication where the flow of information is one
way – from the sender to the receiver.
-the drawbacks are:
# knowledge is imposed.
# learning is aurhoritative.
# No feedback.
• TWO WAY COMMUNICATION (SOCRATIC) :
• In this method there is participation from both the sender and the
receiver.
• # learning is active
• # it is more likely to influence behavior.
• VERBAL AND NON – VERBAL COMMUNICATION:
• Verbal communication is the traditional way by word of mouth.
• Non- verbal communication involves a whole range of bodily
movements and facial expressions like smile, raised eye brow.
• FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMUNICATION:
• Formal communication follows lines of authority, whereas informal
communication is conversing with friends or colleagues.
• BARRIERS IN COMMUNICATION:
They can be classified as:
• Psychological barriers
• Physiological barriers
• Environmental barriers
• Cultural barriers
• PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS:
• Emotional disturbances, depression, neurosis can cause psychological
barriers in communication.
• When interacting with individuals with psychological problems,
special methods and utmost care should be adopted.
• PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIERS:
• They include difficulties in hearing or seeing, difficulties in
understanding etc.
• When dealing with special groups eg. Deaf, dumb, or blind, the
channels of communication should be selected in such a way as to
target that group effectively.
• ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIERS:
• They are due to excessive noise, difficulties in vision and congestion.
• These can be overcome by making small groups and using appropriate
channels of communication.
• CULTURAL BARRIERS:
• Communication must take into account the cultural factors like
patterns of behavior, habits, beliefs, customs, attitudes religion etc.
• VERBAL BARRIERS
• Attacking
• Interrogating
• Criticizing
• Blaming
• Ordering
• Threatening
• Shouting
KEYS TO SUCCESSFUL COMMUNICATION:
# personal contact is important
#Be consistent and clear
#Listen to others and show interest
• THANK YOU

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COMMUNICATION

ONE WAY AND TWO WAY COMMUNICATION:

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