TECHNICAL SEMINAR ON HYBRID ELEC-
TRIC VECHILE
SRI INDU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (AUTONOMOUS),
(AFFILIATED TO JNTU, HYDERABAD, APPROVED BY AICTE, NEW DELHI)
RANGAREDDY DISTRICT -501510
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
TECHNICAL SEMINAR BY
E.Sundeep
18D45A0345
Contents
• What is HEV?
• History
• HEV Objective
• Types of HEV
• Parts Of HEV
• Electric Energy storage system
• Gasoline engine working principle
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Future Scope
• Applications
What is HEV?
HEV – Hybrid Electric Vehicle
A vehicle that combines a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE)
system with an electric propulsion system
( hybrid vehicle drivetrain ).
Evolution Of HEV
History of HEV
• 1830's
• Battery electric vehicle invented by Thomas
Davenport , Robert Anderson
• 1890's
• EV's outsold gas cars 10 to 1
• 1904's
• Krieger Company builds first Hybrid Vehicle
• 1910's
• Mass- produced Ford cars undercut Hand-built Ev's
HEV Objectives:
Objectives the HEV wants to obtain:
• Maximize fuel economy
• Minimize fuel emissions
• Minimize propulsion system cost to keep af-
fordable
• Maintain acceptable performance with a rea-
sonable cost
• Reduce the conventional car weight
METHODOLOGY
Working principle
• The vechile works on both by fluid and battery.
• When the speed is reduced the battery will get
charged.
• When the fuel is low we can travel by the bat-
tery energy.
• And changes simultainously when it is needed.
• Example : Diesel-Electric, Gasoline Electric
Types Of HEV
1. Series HEV
•A series hybrid is like a Battery electric
vehicle(BEV) in design.
•Here, the combustion engine drives an
electric generator instead of directly driv-
ing the wheels.
Ex: BMW i3, Fisker Karma
Types of HEV
2. Parallel HEV
•Both the engine and electric mo-
tor can run the transmission at the
same time.
•Power distribution between the en-
gine and the motor is varied so both
run in their optimum operating region
as much as possible.
•There is no separate generator in a
parallel hybrid.
Ex: Honda Civic Hybrid, Toyota Prius.
Types Of HEV
3. Series-Parallel HEV
•The vehicle can be powered by the gasol-
ine engine working alone, the electric mo-
tor by itself, or by both energy converters
working together.
•Power distribution between the engine
and motor is designed so that the engine
can run in its optimum operating range as
much as possible.
Ex: Chevrolet Volt
Parts Of HEV
• Engine
• Battery
• Electric Motor
• Controller
• Generator
Parts Of HEV
1. Engine
• It's same as other vehicle engine but the size of HEV
engine is small and more fuel efficient.
• Mostly used Engine in HEV
> Petrol Engine , Diesel Engine.
2. Battery
• An electric-vehicle battery (EVB) (also known as a
traction battery) is a battery used to power the electric
motors of a battery electric vehicle (BEV) or hybrid elec-
tric vehicle (HEV).
•These batteries are usually rechargeable (secondary)
batteries, and are typically lithium-ion batteries.
Parts Of HEV
3. Electrical motor
•The core element of the EV, apart from Elec-
tric Vehicle Batteries, which replaces the In-
ternal Combustion engines is an Electric motor.
•Various types of Electric Motors used in Electric
Vehicles
>DC Series Motor
>Brushless DC Motor
>Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM)
>Three Phase AC Induction Motors
> Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM).
Parts Of HEV
4. Controller.
A modern control system for HEV may use only a few
feedback control loop similar to the one shown in Fig-
ure 2c. ... The hybrid ECU is the master controller and
it controls the other subcomponents of the vehicle
such as ICE, EM, power electronics, etc.
5. Generator
•Generates electricity from the rotating wheels while
braking, transferring that energy back to the traction
battery pack. Some vehicles use motor generators that
perform both the drive and regeneration functions.
Advantages
• Regenerative Braking
• Reduction in engine and vehicle weight
• Fuel efficiency is increased
• Emissions are decreased
• Cut emissions of global warming pollutants by 1/3 or
1/2
• Reduce the dependency on fossil fuels
• Some states offer incentives with owning an HEV
• ~2 times more efficient than conventional engines
DISADVANTAGES
• Increased powertrain and electronic complexity.
• Increased vehicle mass due to addition of components.
• Increased cost due to additional components and complexity of
the power management.
• Overall system reliability can be lower due to increased com-
plexity.
• Henry Ford initiated the mass production of HEV.
• In 2000 Honda(Civic & Insight) & Toyota (Prius) came into exis-
tance.
Applications
• Henry Ford initiated the mass production of
HEV.
• In 2000 Honda(Civic & Insight) & Toyota (Prius)
came into existance.
Future Scope
• Power of car have to increase in future
• With battery prices reportedly falling 73% since
2010, electric cars are expected to be as cheap as
fuel-powered cars in the foreseeable future.
• In fact, some reports show that this could increase
the country's GDP by 25 per cent over the coming
years.
Thank you
