RCD Presentation

INNOVATIONS IN CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
Mashal Shah Jehan 18pwciv5167

Amna Khan 18pwciv5166
Ibrar Ul Haq 18pwciv5056
Presented To
Prof. Dr. Qaisar Ali
Department of Civil Engineering UET Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
OUTLINES
 Introduction
 Fundamentals of concrete mix design
 Challenges in traditional mix design
 Innovations in concrete mix design
 Ultra-High Performance concrete
 Steel Fiber Reinforced concrete(SFRC)
 Green Concrete
 Conclusion
 Questions and Discussion
INTRODUCTION
 Concrete's ubiquity is undeniable,
yet its true potential lies in
meticulous formulation. It serves
as the canvas upon which we
engineer strength, durability, and
functionality in our structures.
Massachusetts institute of Technology

 Concrete mix design is the
blueprint for structural integrity.
It's the scientific artistry that
optimizes proportions, ensuring a
blend that aligns precisely with
project demands.
Concrete Dam
INTRODUCTION
 Innovation isn't a luxury but a
necessity. Today, we explore
avant-garde methodologies that
surpass conventional boundaries,
meeting the challenges of
sustainability and performance
head-on.
 This presentation unfolds the

latest in concrete mix design
innovations. Our objective is to
dissect how these advancements
challenge norms, offering
solutions that redefine the Innovation in concrete
parameters of construction.
INTRODUCTION
 Concrete mix design is the process of selecting the optimal
combination of ingredients to achieve the desired properties in
concrete. It involves carefully proportioning cement, aggregates,
water, and admixtures to meet specific strength, workability, and
durability requirements.
 The needed properties vary depending on the project.

FUNDAMENTALS OF CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
 Concrete, at its core, amalgamates cement, aggregates, water,

and admixtures. Each component plays a critical role in
determining the material's properties.
 Concrete mix design isn't a mere formality, it's a scientific

endeavor. It tailors the material to exact specifications, ensuring
the desired strength, durability, workability, and aesthetic
attributes.
Concrete Ingredients
CHALLENGES IN TRADITIONAL MIX DESIGN
 Traditional mix designs grapple with inherent limitations.
Variability in strength, workability, and durability pose hurdles
that demand creative solutions.
 Consistency in concrete strength is elusive through conventional

means. Innovations must target this issue head-on to ensure
reliability in structural performance.
 Balancing workability with sustainability is a delicate

equilibrium. The demands for fluidity in placement often
conflict with the imperative for environmentally conscious
mixtures.
CHALLENGES IN TRADITIONAL MIX DESIGN
 Concrete's durability is tested by time, weather, and chemical

exposure. Traditional methods often fall short in fortifying the
material against these elements.
 These challenges underscore the pressing need for innovation.

Today's exploration extends beyond conventional constraints,
seeking solutions that transcend the limitations of traditional
mix design.
INNOVATION IN CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
Several innovations that have been employed worldwide for
concrete mix design are:
 Ultra-High Performance Concrete

 Green Concrete
 Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete(SFRC)
 High-Performance Concrete(HPC)
 Fiber Reinforce Concrete(FRC)
 Ultra High-Performance Concrete(UHPC)
 Self Healing Concrete
 Low-Carbon Concrete
 Self-Consolidated Concrete
ULTRA-HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE
 Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a cementitious,

concrete material that has;
• Minimum specified compressive strength=17,000 psi
• Flexural: 2200 to 3600 psi
• Modulus of Elasticity: 6500 to 7300 ksi
 Fibers are generally included in the mixture to achieve specified

requirements.
 Typically formulated by combining Portland cement,

supplementary cementitious materials, reactive powders, limestone
and or quartz flour, fine sand, high-range water reducers, and water.
10
ADVANTAGES
 The material can be formulated to provide compressive strengths in
excess of 29,000 pounds per square inch (psi) (200 MPa).
 The ductile behavior of this concrete, provide capacity to deform

and support flexural and tensile loads, even after initial cracking.
 The high compressive and tensile properties of UHPC also facilitate

a high bond strength allowing shorter length of rebar embedment.
 UHPC construction is simplified by eliminating the need for

reinforcing steel in some applications and the materials high flow
characteristics that make it self-compacting.
 It’s low permeability prevents the ingress of harmful materials such

as chlorides which yields superior durability characteristics.
11
APPLICATIONS
 The Shawnessy Light Rail
Transit (LRT) Station,
constructed during fall 2003
and winter 2004, forms part of
a southern expansion to
Calgary’s LRT system and is
the world's first LRT system to
be constructed with ultra-high
Train Station Canopy
performance concrete (UHPC).
 Iowa’s Wapello County boasts

the first ultra-high performance
concrete(UHPC) highway
bridge in the United States,
completed in May 2006.
Highway Bridge in United States
12
APPLICATIONS
 Moreover it can be used in
• Dams & Locks
• Marine structure
• Airports
• Parking Structures
• Treatment Plants
• Railway Structures
• Industrial Floors Marine structure
Dams & Locks Railway Structures 13

STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
 Steel fiber concrete, a form of

reinforced concrete, consists of cement,
water, sand, gravel, and steel fibers,
sometimes with the addition of
additives.
 The composite material includes fibers

dispersed randomly at percentages
ranging from 0.3% to 2.5% by volume
in plain concrete.
 SFRC products are produced by

incorporating steel fibers into the
concrete ingredients in the mixer.
14
15
ADVANTAGES
 Steel fiber reinforced concrete has replaced wire mesh concrete
because it allows optimizing construction processes, reducing
execution time and construction costs.
 The addition of steel fibers to concrete enhances structural

properties, especially tensile and flexural strength, resulting in a
material with high resistance to compression, traction, and
flexion, as well as improved ductility and reduced tendency to
crack.
 Enables saving materials by creating thinner and lighter

structures.
 It’s possible to combine with wire mesh, to create an even more
resistant structural system.
16
APPLICATIONS
Steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) finds application in various
construction scenarios due to its enhanced mechanical properties.
Common applications include:
 Industrial Flooring
 Pavements and Roads
 Tunnels and mines
 Precast Elements
 Bridge Deck
 Water Retaining Structures
 Repair and Retrofitting's
17
GREEN CONCRETE
 Concrete which is made from
concrete wastes that are eco-
friendly are called as “Green
concrete”.
 Green Concrete is a term given to a
concrete that has had extra steps
taken in the mix design and
placement to insure a sustainable
structure and a long life cycle with
a low maintenance surface.
 e.g Energy saving, CO2 emissions,
wastewater.
 Today the word green is not just
limited to color, it represents the
environment, which is surrounding
us.
18
GREEN CONCRETE
 Concrete wastes like slag, power plant wastes, recycled
concrete, mining and quarrying wastes, waste glass, incinerator
residue, red mud, burnt clay, sawdust, combustor ash and
foundry sand.
 The goal of the Centre for Green Concrete is to reduce the

environmental impact of concrete.
 There are a number of alternative environmental requirements

with which green concrete structures must comply.
 CO2 emissions shall be reduced by at least 30 %.
19
GREEN CONCRETE
 At least 20 % of the concrete shall be residual products used as

aggregate.
 Use of concrete industries own residual products.
 Use of new types of residual products, previously land filled or

disposed of in other ways.
 CO2-neutral, waste-derived fuels shall substitute fossil fuels in

the cement production by at least 10 %.
20
ADVANTAGES
 Reduction of the concrete industry's CO2-emmision by 30 %.
 Increased concrete industry's use of waste products by 20%.
 No environmental pollution and sustainable development.
 Green concrete requires less maintenance and repairs.
 Green concrete having better workability than conventional
concrete.
 Good thermal resistant and fire resistant.
 Compressive strength behavior of concrete with water cement
ratio is similar to conventional concrete.
 Flexural strength of green concrete is almost equal to that of
conventional concrete.
21
APPLICATIONS
Green Concrete Bridge Green Concrete Columns
Green Concrete Dam 22

CONCLUSION
 Innovations in concrete mix designs often lead to materials with
superior strength and durability.
 Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), for example, can

achieve compressive strengths significantly higher than
traditional concrete.
 Advanced admixtures and formulations enhance the workability

of concrete, making it easier to place and finish.
 Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is an innovation that flows and

consolidates under its own weight, reducing the need for
external compaction.
23
CONCLUSION
 Innovations focus on incorporating recycled materials,

supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), and environmentally
friendly practices, reducing the environmental impact.
 Green concrete, which uses recycled or waste materials, contributes

to sustainable construction practices.
 Some innovations can lead to cost savings over the life cycle of a
structure, as they may require less maintenance and repairs due to
increased durability.
 Utilizing local or recycled materials can also contribute to cost-

effectiveness.
24
Thank you
25

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INNOVATIONS IN CONCRETE MIX DESIGN

Mashal Shah Jehan 18pwciv5167

Massachusetts institute of Technology

 This presentation unfolds the

 The needed properties vary depending on the project.

 Concrete, at its core, amalgamates cement, aggregates, water,

 Concrete mix design isn't a mere formality, it's a scientific

 Consistency in concrete strength is elusive through conventional

 Balancing workability with sustainability is a delicate

 Concrete's durability is tested by time, weather, and chemical

 These challenges underscore the pressing need for innovation.

 Ultra-High Performance Concrete

 Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a cementitious,

 Fibers are generally included in the mixture to achieve specified

 Typically formulated by combining Portland cement,

 The ductile behavior of this concrete, provide capacity to deform

 The high compressive and tensile properties of UHPC also facilitate

 UHPC construction is simplified by eliminating the need for

 It’s low permeability prevents the ingress of harmful materials such

 Iowa’s Wapello County boasts

Dams & Locks Railway Structures 13

 Steel fiber concrete, a form of

 The composite material includes fibers

 SFRC products are produced by

 The addition of steel fibers to concrete enhances structural

 Enables saving materials by creating thinner and lighter

 The goal of the Centre for Green Concrete is to reduce the

 There are a number of alternative environmental requirements

 CO2 emissions shall be reduced by at least 30 %.

 At least 20 % of the concrete shall be residual products used as

 Use of concrete industries own residual products.

 Use of new types of residual products, previously land filled or

 CO2-neutral, waste-derived fuels shall substitute fossil fuels in

Green Concrete Bridge Green Concrete Columns

Green Concrete Dam 22

 Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), for example, can

 Advanced admixtures and formulations enhance the workability

 Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is an innovation that flows and

 Innovations focus on incorporating recycled materials,

 Green concrete, which uses recycled or waste materials, contributes

 Utilizing local or recycled materials can also contribute to cost-

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