Field Control of Induction Motor

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Field Control of Induction Motor

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mrinalsimp1384

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FIELD CONTROL OF

INDUCTION MOTOR
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING
MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA
by- Rahul Prajapati
CONTENTS

• Introduction
• Two control method for AC motor
• DC motor control
• Field control
• Block diagram of field control of induction motor
• Principle of field control
• Advantage of field control of induction motor drives
INTRODUCTION

• In the past, DC motor is widely used in area of variable speed operation

• DC motor have certain disadvantage because of existence of commutator
and brush
• This problem is overcome by AC motor
• In industry generally 3 phase induction motor is widely used because of
self starting capability, simple structure , low cost and reliability, etc.
TWO CONTROL METHOD OF AC DRIVES

• Scalar control – it is the term which is used to describe a simple form of AC motor
control
• The ratio of stator voltage to frequency should be kept constant, also known as V/f or
scalar control method
• Vector control – the machine current and voltage space vectors, the transformation of a 3
phase speed and time dependent system into a two coordinate time invariant system and
effective PWM pattern generation.
COMPARISON

SCALAR CONTROL VECTOR CONTROL

• Simple form of motor control • Complex mathematical model
• Good steady state performance • Precise control of AC motors
• Poor dynamic response • Excellent dynamic response
• Low performance drives • High performance drive
• Higher power dissipation • Low power dissipation
DC MOTOR CONTROL

Torque equation of DC motor

T=K*phi*Ia
T= K*If*Ia

T= K*Id*Iq

• Ia and phif always perpendicular and decoupled

DC MOTOR CONTROL

• Torque control of DC motor and vector control of AC motor is closely

similar

• DC motor field flux produced by field current is orthogonal to the armature

flux produced by the armature current.

• Vector are orthogonal, they are decoupled.

FIELD CONTROL

• Stator current of 3 phase induction motor are identified as two orthogonal components
that can be visualised with the vector
• In field control both flux and torque are controlled independently.
• DC motor like performance of induction motor can be achieved by if the motor control is
considered in the synchronously rotating reference frame.
• Sinusoidal variables appear as dc quantities in steady state
STEPS FOR FIELD CONTROL

• Measure the motor quantities (phase voltage and current)

• Transform them to the 2 phase system (α,β) using a Clarke transformation

• Calculate the rotor flux space vector magnitude and position angle

• Transform stator current to the d-q coordinate using Park transformation

STEPS FOR FIELD CONTROL

• The stator current torque (ids) and flux (iqs) producing components are
separately controlled.
• The output stator voltage space vector is calculated using the decoupling block.
• An inverse Park transformation transforms the stator voltage space vector back
from the d-q coordinate system to the 2 phase system with the stator
• Using the space vector modulation, the output 3 phase voltage is generated.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF FIELD CONTROL
CLARKE AND PARK TRANSFORMATIONS
FIELD CONTROL TYPES

• Two approach to vector control

• Direct field oriented current control

the rotation angle of the iqs vector with respect to the stator flux is being
directly determined by measuring air gap flux

• Indirect field oriented current control

the rotor angle is being measured indirectly, by measuring slip speed
ADVANTAGES

• Achieve better dynamic performance

• Improve torque response
• Torque control at low frequencies and low speed
• Reduction in size of motor, cost and power consumption.
• Four quadrant operation
• Transient response is fast because torque control not affect flux.
• Increased speed range
REFERENCE

• Power semiconductor Controlled drives by G.K Dubey

• Power electronics circuits, devices, and applications- M H Rashid
• B.K. Bose “introduction to AC drives, speed control of AC drives”, IEEE collection
THANK YOU