The Human Person

in Society
Module 7
Lesson 1:
Understanding the Human Person in
Society
Lesson Objectives:
1. Identify how individuals form societies;
2. Analyze how individuals are transformed by
societies; and
3. Show appreciation on the importance of establishing
a society.
 :Activity 1
In my family, I
am the
My community has ___________________
My Family has
enabled me to made me
_______________________
_______________________________

In my school, I
In my community, I consider myself
______________________
am a
_______________________________
My School has helped
me become
____________________
:Activity 1 (Use the following questions as
your guide in answering the activity).
1. How your family defined your identity as a
person?
2. In what way has your school and
community influenced your growth?
3. In what way do you see yourself making a
significant contribution to society?
:
:
The human person by nature is a “ social
being”.
Throughout a person’s life, he or she
experiences a variety of relationships that
help shape him or her as a person.
Society is defined as:
An organized group of people whose members interact
frequently and have a common territory and culture.
A companionship or friendly association with others, an
alliance, a community or union.
The product of deliberate actions by individuals who
come together in the pursuit of the common goal.
Can make possible the emergence of certain individuals.
Provide opportunities to further growth in coming years.
The following illustrations shows how
individual transformed societies and vice
versa:
1. Survival. Relating to one another and benefitting from
one another can mean survival.
For example, an infant is dependent to his family, imagine if
a family does not exist, no one will care for the infant and as
end result infant will eventually die.
2. Life outside home. Part of human life is growing and as
individual grows his/her networks expand as well; he/she
creates friendship in school or at the workplace they are no
longer bounded within their family.
How individuals are transformed by
societies?
3. Support for development. Education is one of the best examples
that shows how society supports development. Education was first
learnt at home and later on enters a formal education. As learning
continues, this will also further develop people skills and abilities.
4. Specific traits and unique characteristics. Since society is
formed by its members called human beings, their formation equates
on the creation of shared traits and characteristics that is only unique
on them.
For example, Filipinos valued their family members and “strong
family ties” is very evident to us.
 Performance Task:
:On the graphic organizer, write the different things which you
think the society has contributed on you.
Maribel

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These are samples only, you may think other materials that can describe how you have been
develop by the society.
The Social Contract Theory
.
The Social Contract Theory (Abella 2016)
1. THOMAS HOBBES - persons in their natural
state are governed by their desires and these
often lead to conflict with their fellowmen.
Individuals who establish societies enter into a “social
contract”-an agreement where individuals sacrifice an
amount of their freedom and submit to a higher authority.
In this way, society is able to function and meet the needs
of the many, ensuring the survival of humanity.
The Social Contract Theory (Abella 2016)
2. JOHN LOCKE - considered person to be more
cooperative and reasonable, and that society is
formed through the consent of the individuals that
organized it.
This concept is known as the “consent of the governed”.
Locke’s social contract is a covenant among individuals to
cooperate and share the burden upholding the welfare of
society.
People have the power to overthrow a failed government.
The Social Contract Theory (Abella 2016)
3. JEAN JACQUE ROUSSEAU – advocates
concept of “general will”. Empowered
government to act on their behalf.
This is based on the assumption that the people have
empowered the government to act on their behalf, and
that it is considered to be the best judge of what is most
beneficial for society.
The Social Contract Theory (Abella 2016)
4. JOHN RAWLS - redefined the social contract
and explained that human being’s approach
social cooperation in a rational manner in
order to meet their individual self-interests.
Rawls introduced a version of the natural state which is
called the original position to explain social formation.
The Social Contract Theory (Abella 2016)
5. DAVID GAUTHER – describe people ‘s self-
interest as a significant factor in building and
maintaining societies.
People choose to cooperate since it is beneficial to meet
their self-interests. But this self interest benefits the
society as a whole, since the actions of individuals in
meeting their individual needs also further the interests
of the other members of the society.
Answer this question

Among the groups that you have

interacted with regularly, discuss how
they influence you as a person.
Lesson 2:
The Societies and Individuals
Lesson Objectives:
1. Compare different forms of societies and
individuals;
2. Explain how human relations are
transformed by social systems; and
3. Evaluate how social systems transforms
relationships, and how societies transform
individual human beings.
:

God did not create man as a

“solitary being” but wanted
human to be a “social being”
(Gen.1:27; 2:18-20; 23
Different Forms of Society
1. Hunting and Gathering Society
Different Forms of Society
1. Hunting and Gathering Society
 Earliest and simplest form of society
 Characterized by its small size and is composed mainly
of families
 They are nomadic they spend most of their time
searching for food, thus have no permanent territory.
 Members are treated equally, decisions usually arrived
at consensus.
Different Forms of Society
2. PASTORAL SOCIETY
Different Forms of Society
2. PASTORAL SOCIETY
 Characterized by the domestication of animals for food or more
stable and predictable food supply.
 Have larger populations than hunting and gathering societies and
remain longer in one place.
 Often produce surplus food and resources, which they trade with
other societies.
 Enables the people to engage in other activities apart form those
necessary survival such as handicrafts, that eventually leads the
emergence of specialized tasks in community.
Different Forms of Society
3. Horticultural Society
Different Forms of Society
3. Horticultural Society
 This engage in the small-scale cultivation of plants, fruits and
vegetables and domestication of animals.
 Semi-nomadic, which means that they travel to another place
when they have already depleted the resources in one area.
 Roles and responsibilities are more clearly defined with many
tasks assigned according to gender.
 There is a surplus of goods, which sometimes leads to
equalities among its members.
 Family-and clan-oriented, and occupations were restricted by
tradition.
 Different Forms of Society
4. AGRARIAN OR AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY
Different Forms of Society
4. AGRARIAN OR AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY
 This type of society is a further evolution of the pastoral and
horticultural societies.
 Agriculture involves the large-scale and long-term cultivation of
crops and domestication of animals.
 Improved technology and used tools to aid in framing are also
evident on this period.
 Increased production, giving rise to a growing population can
also be seen in this agricultural societies.
 The increasing complex social organization results in conflicts
among neighboring societies over resources and land.
Different Forms of Society
5. FEUDAL SOCIETY
Different Forms of Society
5. FEUDAL SOCIETY
 It is based on the ownership of land.
 Members of the society are organized based on status.
 Those who own land are considered the most powerful and
influential members of the society, while peasants are considered
the lowest groups.
 Give rise to individuals who value relations among family
members and with other members in the community.
 People are often very mindful of the hierarchy.
 They are often traditional and are resistant to social change,
preferring to maintain the way things are in their community.
Different Forms of Society
6. INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY
Different Forms of Society
6. INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY
 Base on the use of specialized machinery in the production of
goods and services.
 Often defined by the nature of work and the prevailing industry
in the area.
 The capitalists or business owners are considered the most
influential.
 It is also characterized by cultural diversity and the presence of
bureaucratic forms of organization.
 Alienation is common in industrial societies, as people often
seen as resources to be exploited.
Different Forms of Society
7. POST-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY
Different Forms of Society
7. Post-Industrial Society
 This society is based on knowledge, information and the sale of
services.
 Members of this society have higher educational attainment,
better training, and specialized roles.
 The virtual society is the product of post-industrial society, where
people organize themselves through communication technology
and the internet.
 A digital citizen is a person who is knowledgeable and
responsible enough to effectively use different social platforms in
the internet. They often engage in useful topics and issues that
will help build a better society, politics and government.
 Factors that Can Influence Society in the
Development of a Person
1. Norms – which are set of traits
and behavior that society
considers acceptable and are, thus
encourage and passed on to other
members.
When members of the society do not
conform to establish norms, one can
experience negative consequences,
such as punishment or social stigma.
 Factors that Can Influence Society in the
Development of a Person
2. Laws – more formal and stringent
norms that establish and define acceptable
behavior of the citizen.
 Factors that Can Influence Society in the
Development of a Person
3. Folkways – are less formal norms
that arise from traditional and do not
result in punishment when violated.
 Factors that Can Influence Society in the
Development of a Person
4. Social Values – are actions or
ideals that are considered important by
society.
- Ex. cooperation, obedience to the law, concern for
others, respect for others
 Norms, laws and other rules that regulate human interactions give
rise to a social system.
Social System- is an organized or patterned set of relationships
among individuals and groups that compose of a society.
Social Roles – actions and behaviors expected from the member of
the society. (father, doctor, daughter, priest)

Once individual was distinguished based from his/her background

or roles, he will be grouped on individuals with the same background
and roles thus, the creation of social groups or classes. (Ex. rich,
middle class, poor)

Classified social groups that perform vital functions are called social
institutions.( family, school, government, religion)