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The document discusses different types of data communication methods and network devices. It describes asynchronous and synchronous transmission methods. It also explains common network devices like modem, NIC, wireless access point, hub, switch, router, gateway, bridge, and repeater.

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23 views12 pages

Slide 3

The document discusses different types of data communication methods and network devices. It describes asynchronous and synchronous transmission methods. It also explains common network devices like modem, NIC, wireless access point, hub, switch, router, gateway, bridge, and repeater.

Uploaded by

mf0432663
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data communication and

Network
Asynchronous Transmission
• Data is transmitted character by character.
• Not continuous, irregular gaps between characters.
• Use start bit 0 and stop bit 1. start bit called space
state.
• Start signal is sent when character about to be
transmitted.
• Stop bit is sent at the end of each character.
• Value 1 in start bit indicate idle line, called mark
state.
Synchronous transmission
• Data transmitted block by block.
• Each block may consist of many characters.
• Faster than asynchronous transmission.
• Suited for remote communication.
• No gap between characters.
• Large amount od data can send in single time.
Communication devices
• Modem
• Network interface card
• Wireless access point
• Hub
• Switch
• Routers
• Gateway
• Bridge
• Repeater
Modem
• Send and receive data through telephone lines.
• Use for modulation and demodulation.
• Dialup modem is not used today.
• ISDN modem data transfer rate is upto 1.54 Mbps.
• DSL modem is broadband modem.
• DSL modem is faster, speed 384 Kbps to 20 Mbps.
• Wireless modem work with cellular technology.
NIC(Network Interface card)
• Used to connect computer to a network.
• It is circuit board installed on the motherboard.
• Wireless network card is used to transmit data
wirelessly.
• Has antenna, can be positioned properly to get
best signal.
• Different network card, Adapter card, USB
adapter, Express card module.
Wireless Access Point
• Act as a central transmitter and receiver of
wireless radio signal.
• Support Wi-Fi.
• Used in public internet hotspots at hotels,
airports, coffee shops, large buildings etc.
Hub and Switch
• Hub is also called concentrator or multistation access
unit (MAU).
• Central point for cables in a network.
• Have multiple ports.
• Broadcast all messages to every computer.
• Only intended recipient computer takes message, all
others will ignore the message.
• Switch is more intelligent device than hub.
• Switch only transmit the message to the intended
device.
• Handle multiple communication channel.
Routers
• Connect multiple networks using similar or different protocols.
• Manage best rout between any two communication network.
• Used when several networks are connected together and
forward data packets.
• Connect network of different countries.
• In order to direct packets effectively, a router uses an internal
routing table ,a list of paths to various network destinations.
The router reads a packet's header to determine where it is
going, then consults the routing table to figure out the most
efficient path to that destination. It then forwards the packet
to the next network in the path.
Gateway
• Connect two or more networks with different types of
protocol.
• Intelligent device that convert the data according to the
protocol.
• Connect personal computer to mainframe computer.
• The gateway is implemented at the edge of a network and
manages all data that is directed internally or externally from
that network. When one network wants to communicate with
another, the data packet is passed to the gateway and then
routed to the destination through the most efficient path. In
addition to routing data, a gateway will also store information
about the host network’s internal paths and the paths of any
additional networks that are encountered.
Bridge
• Used to interconnect two LANs or two separate
network segment.
• When bridge receives signal, it determine the
segment where the signal should be sent.
• Bridge reads the addresses of sending and
receiving computers. The bridge does not pass
the signal to the other segment if receiving and
sending computers are both in the same segment.
• It reduce network traffic.
• Increase network performance.
Repeater
• Network device that amplifies signals along a
network.
• Available for both wired and wireless network.
• When signal are getting weak then repeaters
amplifies signal and sens beyond the
maximum distance.

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