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EC303

This document discusses a lecture on Thevenin's theorem given by lecturer T. Krishnaveni to electronics and communication engineering students. The lecture covers: 1) Types of network theorems including Thevenin's theorem 2) How to find the Thevenin equivalent voltage and resistance of a given network 3) Steps to derive the Thevenin equivalent circuit and use it to solve for current through a load resistance

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120 views20 pages

EC303

This document discusses a lecture on Thevenin's theorem given by lecturer T. Krishnaveni to electronics and communication engineering students. The lecture covers: 1) Types of network theorems including Thevenin's theorem 2) How to find the Thevenin equivalent voltage and resistance of a given network 3) Steps to derive the Thevenin equivalent circuit and use it to solve for current through a load resistance

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Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name of the staff member : T.Krishnaveni
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Electronics & Communication Engg
Institute : Dr.B.R.A.GMR Polytechnic for

Women (sc), Karimnagar.


Year/Semester : III Semester
Subject Code : EC-303
Subject : Circuit Theory
Topic : Network Theorems
Duration : 100 mts
Sub Topic : Thevenin’s Theorem
EC 303.43 to44 1
Teaching Aids : Diagrams
Objectives

Upon the completion of this period we are able to


know

• Types of theorems

• About Thevenin’s theorem

• How to find thevenin’s equivalent for a given network

EC 303.43 to44 2
Various network theorems

• Thevenin’s Theorem

• Norton’s Theorem

• Super position Theorem

• Maximum power transfer Theorem

• Reciprocity Theorem

EC 303.43 to44 3
Thevenin’s Theorem

Thevenin’s theorem states:


‘The current which flows in any branch of a network is the
same as that which would flow in the branch if it were
connected across a source of electrical energy, the
e.m.f. of which is equal to the potential difference which
would appear across the branch if it were open-circuited,
and the
internal impedance of which is equal to the impedance
which appears across the open-circuited branch
EC 303.43 to44 4
LINEAR NETWORK

Linear A
Network
With
Sources& Vth RL
Resistan-
ces
B
RTH

Fig 1

EC 303.43 to44 5
Thevenin’s equivalent circuit

RTH A

VTH RL

B
Fig 2 Thevenins Equivalent

EC 303.43 to44 6
Where

VTH= Open circuit thevenin’s voltage across AB

RTH= Thevenin’s resistance measured across


AB and keep voltage source short circuit

RL=Load resistance

EC 303.43 to44 7
Steps to find thevenin’s equivalent

• Open circuit the terminals at which thevenin’s equivalent is


desired.

• Calculated VTH across open circuit terminals by using KVL


or mesh analysis.

• Find RTH by removing RL by replacing all voltage source


with S.C and all current sources with open circuit

EC 303.43 to44 8
Steps to find thevenin’s equivalent (continued..)

• Replace the original circuit by thevenin’s equivalent


circuit.

• STEP 3:Find current through RL is


IL=VTH/(RTH+RL)

• STEP 4:Find voltage across load


VL=IL*RL

EC 303.43 to44 9
Summary

We have discussed about

• Types of theorems.

• How to find Thevenin’s equivalent voltage, resistance.

• Drawings thevenin’s equivalent circuit usage.

EC 303.43 to44 10
QUIZ

1. The Thevenin’s Theorem cannot applied for

(a) linear networks

(b) dissipative networks

(c) passive networks

(d) non linear networks given network

EC 303.43 to44 11
2. Thevenin’s resistance RTH is found

(a) by removing voltage sources along with their internal


resistances

(b) by short circuiting the given two terminals

(c) between any two terminals

(d) between same open terminals as for VTH

EC 303.43 to44 12
Example 1
Find the current through 5 Ohms Resistor using
Thevenin’s Theorem

EC 303.43 to44 13
Solution
(i) remove the impedance ZL from that branch;
(ii) determine the open-circuit voltage E across the break;
(iii) remove each source of e.m.f. and replace it by its internal
impedance
(if it has zero internal impedance then replace it by a short
circuit),
and then determine the internal impedance, z, ‘looking in’
at the break;
(iv) determine the current from the Th´evenin equivalent
circuit
EC 303.43 to44 14
Using the above procedure:
(ii)the 5Ω resistor is removed, as shown in Figure (a).
(ii) The open-circuit voltage E across the break is now required.
The network of Figure (a) is redrawn for convenience as shown in
Figure b
where current,

EC 303.43 to44 15
(C) (D) EC 303.43 to44 (E) 16
Hence the open-circuit voltage E is given by

Alternatively,

EC 303.43 to44 17
(iii) Removing each source of e.m.f. gives the network of Figure C

The impedance, z, ‘looking in’ at the break AB is given by

iv) The Th´evenin equivalent circuit is shown in Figure (D) ,


where current IL is given by

= 1.2 A

EC 303.43 to44 18
Questions

• State Thevenin’s theorem ?

• Explain Thevenin’s theorem ?

• Prove thevenin’s theorem ?

EC 303.43 to44 19
Quiz

• The Thevenins equivalent circuit consists of a voltage


source

c) across Branch impedance

d) In series with Thevenins Resistance

e) In parallel with Thevenins Resistance

f) None of the above

EC 303.43 to44 20

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